scholarly journals From Drought to Food-Energy-Water-Security Nexus: An Assessment of Food Insecurity in the Middle East

2000 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maysoun Hameed
Keyword(s):  
Middle East ◽  
Food Insecurity ◽  
Water Security ◽  
Food Energy

scholarly journals A Review of the 21st Century Challenges in the Food-Energy-Water Security in the Middle East

Water ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 682 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maysoun Hameed ◽  
Hamid Moradkhani ◽  
Ali Ahmadalipour ◽  
Hamed Moftakhari ◽  
Peyman Abbaszadeh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Middle East ◽  
Population Growth ◽  
United Arab Emirates ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Water Security ◽  
Political Stability ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Food Energy ◽  
Country Level

Developing countries have experienced significant challenges in meeting their needs for food, energy, and water security. This paper presents a country-level review of the current issues associated with Food-Energy-Water (FEW) security in the Middle East. In this study, sixteen countries in the Middle East are studied, namely Iraq, Iran, Syria, Lebanon, Israel, Palestine, Egypt, Turkey, and the Arabian Peninsula (Bahrain, Kuwait, Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia (KSA), United Arab Emirates (UAE), and Yemen). Here, we conduct a comprehensive assessment to study and evaluate the emerging drivers of FEW systems in the region. The investigated drivers include water security, extreme events, economic growth, urbanization, population growth, poverty, and political stability. The results suggest that most of the studied countries are facing FEW resource insecurity or weak planning/management strategies. Our evaluation further revealed the current status of each country with respect to each factor, and suggested that climatic and socioeconomic factors have contributed to the subsequent stress on FEW resources, specifically on the water sector. In general, and with respect to the water-energy security, it was found that energy production in the Middle East is highly constrained by water deficiency, drought, and/or economic growth. The water-food security in the region is mainly affected by drought, water scarcity, population growth, urbanization, and/or political unrest.

Health and Environmental Tolls of Protracted Conflicts in the Middle East and North Africa

2021 ◽  
Vol 120 (830) ◽  
pp. 339-345
Author(s):  
Jeannie Sowers ◽  
Erika Weinthal
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Middle East ◽  
Food Insecurity ◽  
Environmental Pollution ◽  
North Africa ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Economic Policies ◽  
Public Debates ◽  
War Zones ◽  
Access To Food

The effects of conflict on public health and ecosystem well-being are understudied and rarely figure in public debates about war-making. Protracted conflicts are particularly damaging to people and environments in ways that are inadequately documented. In recent wars in the Middle East and North Africa, parties to the conflicts have induced hunger and displacement and undermined public health through the use of violence and economic policies that deprive civilians of access to food, water, fuel, and livelihoods. Environmental pollution is widespread, particularly in cities that became war zones, while the COVID-19 pandemic has deepened conflict-induced poverty and food insecurity.

Water security and the pursuit of food, energy, and earth systems resilience

2018 ◽  
Vol 43 (8) ◽  
pp. 1055-1074 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher A. Scott ◽  
Tamee R. Albrecht ◽  
Rafael De Grenade ◽  
Adriana Zuniga-Teran ◽  
Robert G. Varady ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Security ◽  
Food Energy ◽  
Earth Systems

scholarly journals From national indices to regional action—An Analysis of food, energy, water security in Ecuador, Bolivia, and Peru

2019 ◽  
Vol 101 ◽  
pp. 291-301 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paniz Mohammadpour ◽  
Tasnuva Mahjabin ◽  
Jose Fernandez ◽  
Caitlin Grady
Keyword(s):  
Water Security ◽  
Food Energy

scholarly journals The NASA Hydrological Forecast System for Food and Water Security Applications

2020 ◽  
Vol 101 (7) ◽  
pp. E1007-E1025 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristi R. Arsenault ◽  
Shraddhanand Shukla ◽  
Abheera Hazra ◽  
Augusto Getirana ◽  
Amy McNally ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Middle East ◽  
Early Warning ◽  
Land Surface ◽  
Initial Conditions ◽  
Water Security ◽  
Early Warning Systems ◽  
Forecast System ◽  
Modeling Framework ◽  
Meteorological Forcing ◽  
Speed Accuracy

Abstract Many regions in Africa and the Middle East are vulnerable to drought and to water and food insecurity, motivating agency efforts such as the U.S. Agency for International Development’s (USAID) Famine Early Warning Systems Network (FEWS NET) to provide early warning of drought events in the region. Each year these warnings guide life-saving assistance that reaches millions of people. A new NASA multimodel, remote sensing–based hydrological forecasting and analysis system, NHyFAS, has been developed to support such efforts by improving the FEWS NET’s current early warning capabilities. NHyFAS derives its skill from two sources: (i) accurate initial conditions, as produced by an offline land modeling system through the application and/or assimilation of various satellite data (precipitation, soil moisture, and terrestrial water storage), and (ii) meteorological forcing data during the forecast period as produced by a state-of-the-art ocean–land–atmosphere forecast system. The land modeling framework used is the Land Information System (LIS), which employs a suite of land surface models, allowing multimodel ensembles and multiple data assimilation strategies to better estimate land surface conditions. An evaluation of NHyFAS shows that its 1–5-month hindcasts successfully capture known historic drought events, and it has improved skill over benchmark-type hindcasts. The system also benefits from strong collaboration with end-user partners in Africa and the Middle East, who provide insights on strategies to formulate and communicate early warning indicators to water and food security communities. The additional lead time provided by this system will increase the speed, accuracy, and efficacy of humanitarian disaster relief, helping to save lives and livelihoods.

Water security and the pursuit of food, energy, and earth systems resilience

2021 ◽  
pp. 97-116
Author(s):  
Christopher A. Scott ◽  
Tamee R. Albrecht ◽  
Rafael Routson De Grenade ◽  
Adriana Zuniga-Teran ◽  
Robert G. Varady ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Security ◽  
Food Energy ◽  
Earth Systems

WATER SECURITY IN THE MIDDLE EAST AND NORTH AFRICA: NEW DIMENSIONS OF AN OLD PROBLEM

2021 ◽  
pp. 88-105
Author(s):  
Alexander Kozintsev ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Water Management ◽  
Middle East ◽  
North Africa ◽  
Water Allocation ◽  
Water Security ◽  
Interstate Conflict ◽  
Regional Patterns ◽  
Civil Unrest ◽  
Fruitful Cooperation ◽  
Regional Water

The article deals with the issue of water supply in the Middle East and North Africa. It focuses on the regional patterns of water allocation and causes of water scarcity. It is noted that state interaction in the field of water management is conflict driven and not followed by fruitful cooperation. The main types of regional water conflicts are presented. The article concludes with two case studies (Egypt and Syria) that demonstrate how ineffective management of water resources leads to interstate conflict or civil unrest.

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