Hepatic epithelioid angiomyolipoma with prominent invasive growth pattern: a hitherto unreported histopathologic feature which might promote misdiagnosis

Abstract Introduction: Intraparenchymal breast leiomyoma is a rare lesion of breast. The diagnostic criteria to differentiate benign and borderline breast leiomyoma was not yet clear. No atypical leiomyoma of breast parenchyma has been reported. Case series presentation: We described one case of leiomyoma and one case of bilateral atypical leiomyoma in breast parenchyma. The morphological features that lead to the diagnosis of atypical leiomyoma include invasive growth pattern, mild nuclear atypia and mitotic figures up to 3mitoses/10HPF. Conclusion Due to the limited experience, cases presented as atypical intraparenchymal breast leiomyoma should be closely followed.

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Is there association between characteristics of gastric tumor growth and activation of different growth factor systems?

Journal of Clinical Oncology ◽

10.1200/jco.2018.36.4_suppl.29 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 36 (4_suppl) ◽

pp. 29-29

Author(s):

Elena Frantsiyants ◽

Irina A. Goroshinskaya ◽

Ekaterina Igorevna Surikova ◽

Valeria A. Bandovkina ◽

Yulia A. Pogorelova ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Growth Pattern ◽

Treatment Effectiveness ◽

Tumor Development ◽

Signet Ring Cell Carcinoma ◽

Signet Ring Cell ◽

Neuroendocrine Cells ◽

Invasive Growth ◽

Tumor Tissues ◽

Igf I ◽

The Difference

29 Background: Signet-ring cell carcinoma of the stomach (SRCC) is significantly associated with poor prognosis and low treatment effectiveness, compared to adenocarcinoma of the stomach (AC). One of the causes of SRCC aggressive course can be its diffuse invasive growth pattern. The ability of tumor cells to synthesize and/or capture growth factors ensures the independent tumor development. VEGF, EGF, IGFI and EGFII facilitate neoangiogenesis and regulation of malignant processes in paracrine/autocrine mechanisms. The purpose of the study was to find the difference between local levels of VEGF, EGF, IGFI and IGFII in tumor and intact tissues in AC and SRCC. Methods: Levels of VEGF, EGF, EGFR, IGF-I and IGFII were determined by ELISA in tumor and intact gastric tissues of 15 AC patients and 10 SRCC patients (T2-3N0-2M0, G2-3), mean age 62.8±2.38 years. Results: Levels of IGF-I, IGF-II and VEGF in intact gastric tissues were similar in AC and SRCC. EGF and EGFR levels in AC were 2.9 and 1.5 higher than in SRCC. Levels of VEGF in AC tumor tissues, compared to intact gastric tissues, increased by 2.3 times, EGF and EGFR did not change, and IGFI and IGFII decreased by 2.1 and 1.8 times, respectively. Tumor tissues of SRCC patients showed the increased levels of EGF (by 2.9 times) and EGFR (by 1.8 times); VEGF and IGF were similar to the levels in intact tissues. SRCC was characterized by the activation of systems of EGF and IGF, but not VEGF. AC demonstrated the stimulation of VEGFA neoangiogenesis. Conclusions: The activation of systems of EGF and IGF in SRCC could be associated with some characteristics of the diffuse growth pattern and the tumor origin from neuroendocrine cells which facilitates the autocrine/paracrine regulation of the invasive growth. AC requires neoangiogenesis which is realized primarily by the VEGF system.

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Pseudohyphal Growth of Cryptococcus neoformans Is a Reversible Dimorphic Transition in Response to Ammonium That Requires Amt1 and Amt2 Ammonium Permeases

Eukaryotic Cell ◽

10.1128/ec.00242-12 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 11 (11) ◽

pp. 1391-1398 ◽

Cited By ~ 23

Author(s):

Soo Chan Lee ◽

Sujal Phadke ◽

Sheng Sun ◽

Joseph Heitman

Keyword(s):

Cryptococcus Neoformans ◽

Growth Pattern ◽

Yeast Cells ◽

Invasive Growth ◽

Sole Nitrogen Source ◽

Genetic Event ◽

Content Type ◽

Dimorphic Transition ◽

Pseudohyphal Growth ◽

Human Infections

ABSTRACTCryptococcus neoformansis a human-pathogenic basidiomycete that commonly infects HIV/AIDS patients to cause meningoencephalitis (7, 19).C. neoformansgrows as a budding yeast during vegetative growth or as hyphae during sexual reproduction. Pseudohyphal growth ofC. neoformanshas been observed rarely during murine and human infections but frequently during coculture with amoeba; however, the genetics underlying pseudohyphal growth are largely unknown. Our studies found thatC. neoformansdisplays pseudohyphal growth under nitrogen-limiting conditions, especially when a small amount of ammonium is available as a sole nitrogen source. Pseudohyphal growth was observed withCryptococcus neoformansserotypes A and D andCryptococcus gattii. C. neoformanspseudohyphae bud to produce yeast cells and normal smooth hemispherical colonies when transferred to complete media, indicating that pseudohyphal growth is a conditional developmental stage. Subsequent analysis revealed that two ammonium permeases encoded by theAMT1andAMT2genes are required for pseudohyphal growth. Bothamt1andamt2mutants are capable of forming pseudohyphae; however,amt1 amt2double mutants do not form pseudohyphae. Interestingly,C. gattiipseudohypha formation is irreversible and involves a RAM pathway mutation that drives pseudohyphal development. We also found that pseudohyphal growth is related to the invasive growth into the medium. These results demonstrate that pseudohyphal growth is a common reversible growth pattern inC. neoformansbut a mutational genetic event inC. gattiiand provide new insights into understanding pseudohyphal growth ofCryptococcus.

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A Cribriform Urothelial Neoplasm of the Renal Pelvis: An Adenoid Cysticlike Variant of Inverted Urothelial Papilloma or Florid Ureteritis Cystica?

Archives of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine ◽

10.5858/2009-0483-cr.1 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 134 (10) ◽

pp. 1557-1559

Author(s):

Geoffrey A. Talmon ◽

Ansar Khan ◽

Rodney Koerber ◽

Subodh Lele ◽

Sonny Johansson

Keyword(s):

Salivary Gland ◽

Adenoid Cystic Carcinoma ◽

Renal Pelvis ◽

Growth Pattern ◽

Invasive Growth ◽

Adenoid Cystic ◽

Cystic Component ◽

Urothelial Tumors ◽

Urothelial Neoplasm ◽

Polypoid Tumor

Abstract Tumors with cribriform appearance, similar to that of salivary gland adenoid cystic carcinoma, have been described at various anatomic sites. We present an unusual polypoid tumor, discovered incidentally, in the renal pelvis of an elderly man. The mass displayed a prominent cribriform architecture, akin to adenoid cystic carcinoma with an immunophenotype that supported a urothelial origin. Because of its lack of significant invasive growth and other adverse morphologic features, this lesion will likely behave in a banal fashion. This cribriform urothelial neoplasm of the renal pelvis may, in fact, represent a variant of an inverted urothelial neoplasm with a prominent cystic component or florid ureteritis cystica. It is important for pathologists to recognize this growth pattern as a possible variant of urothelial tumors.

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Nodular lymphocyte predominant Hodgkin lymphoma with non-invasive or early invasive growth pattern suggests an early step of the disease with a highly favorable outcome

American Journal of Hematology ◽

10.1002/ajh.23367 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 88 (2) ◽

pp. 161-162 ◽

Cited By ~ 15

Author(s):

Antonino Carbone ◽

Michele Spina ◽

Annunziata Gloghini ◽

Maurilio Ponzoni ◽

Claudio Doglioni ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Hodgkin Lymphoma ◽

Growth Pattern ◽

Favorable Outcome ◽

Invasive Growth ◽

Early Step ◽

Non Invasive

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Headache in patients with a meningioma correlates with a bone-invasive growth pattern but not with cytokine expression

Cephalalgia ◽

10.1111/j.1468-2982.2009.01945.x ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 30 (4) ◽

pp. 413-424 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

CJ Schankin ◽

M Krumbholz ◽

P Sostak ◽

VM Reinisch ◽

R Goldbrunner ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Growth Factor ◽

Antiepileptic Drugs ◽

Growth Pattern ◽

Transforming Growth Factor ◽

Univariate Analysis ◽

Correct Prediction ◽

Binary Logistic Regression Analysis ◽

Invasive Growth ◽

History Of

We included 58 patients with meningioma in a prospective study to analyse the prevalence of and risk factors for different types of meningioma-associated headache. Twenty-three patients (40%) had meningioma-associated headache. Of these, the pain was migraine-like in five (22%) and tension-type headache (TTH)-like in 13 (57%). Sixteen of 21 (76%) experienced relief of pain intensity of at least 50% after 18–24 months. Univariate analysis revealed bone-invasive growth pattern ( P = 0.007) as a risk factor for headache and intake of antiepileptic drugs ( P = 0.04) or large surrounding oedema ( P = 0.04) as possible protective parameters. For migraine-like headache, risk factors were a positive history of migraine ( P = 0.009) and bone-invasive growth pattern ( P = 0.046) and, for TTH-like headache, only bone-invasive growth pattern ( P = 0.009). Binary logistic regression analysis added to assess predictability and interaction effects could not identify a single factor predicting the occurrence of headache in the presence of a meningioma (correct prediction in 74% by a model consisting of bone-invasive growth pattern, history of head surgery, intake of antiepileptic drugs, temporal tumour location and moderate and large surrounding oedema). Analysis of 38 tumour specimens could not confirm the hypothesis that the occurrence of headache correlates with the expression magnitude of signal substances known to be present in meningiomas [stroma cell-derived factor 1, interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, vascular endothelial growth factor A] or thought to be relevant to headache/pain pathophysiology [prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2, calcitonin-related polypeptide alpha, nitric oxide synthase (NOS) 1, NOS2A, NOS3, transforming growth factor-alpha, tumour necrosis factor, tachykinin, vasoactive intestinal peptide]. The affection of bone integrity and the expression of molecules thought to be relevant to headache pathophysiology might be important for meningioma-associated headache in predisposed individuals.

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