Oklahoma Mesonet Research - Soil Temperature Variability

1994 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Chris Fiebrich ◽  
Brad Illston
Keyword(s):  
Soil Temperature ◽  
Temperature Variability ◽  
Oklahoma Mesonet

scholarly journals Root-Associated Mycobiomes of Common Temperate Plants (Calluna vulgaris and Holcus lanatus) Are Strongly Affected by Winter Climate Conditions

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mathilde Borg Dahl ◽  
Derek Peršoh ◽  
Anke Jentsch ◽  
Jürgen Kreyling
Keyword(s):  
Soil Temperature ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
High Throughput Sequencing ◽  
Calluna Vulgaris ◽  
Absolute Temperature ◽  
Snow Accumulation ◽  
Temperature Variability ◽  
Holcus Lanatus ◽  
Soil Frost ◽  
Winter Climate

AbstractWinter temperatures are projected to increase in Central Europe. Subsequently, snow cover will decrease, leading to increased soil temperature variability, with potentially different consequences for soil frost depending on e.g. altitude. Here, we experimentally evaluated the effects of increased winter soil temperature variability on the root associated mycobiome of two plant species (Calluna vulgaris and Holcus lanatus) at two sites in Germany; a colder and wetter upland site with high snow accumulation and a warmer and drier lowland site, with low snow accumulation. Mesocosm monocultures were set-up in spring 2010 at both sites (with soil and plants originating from the lowland site). In the following winter, an experimental warming pulse treatment was initiated by overhead infrared heaters and warming wires at the soil surface for half of the mesocosms at both sites. At the lowland site, the warming treatment resulted in a reduced number of days with soil frost as well as increased the average daily temperature amplitude. Contrary, the treatment caused no changes in these parameters at the upland site, which was in general a much more frost affected site. Soil and plant roots were sampled before and after the following growing season (spring and autumn 2011). High-throughput sequencing was used for profiling of the root-associated fungal (ITS marker) community (mycobiome). Site was found to have a profound effect on the composition of the mycobiome, which at the upland site was dominated by fast growing saprotrophs (Mortierellomycota), and at the lowland site by plant species-specific symbionts (e.g. Rhizoscyphus ericae and Microdochium bolleyi for C. vulgaris and H. lanatus respectively). The transplantation to the colder upland site and the temperature treatment at the warmer lowland site had comparable consequences for the mycobiome, implying that winter climate change resulting in higher temperature variability has large consequences for mycobiome structures regardless of absolute temperature of a given site.

scholarly journals Increased winter soil temperature variability enhances nitrogen cycling and soil biotic activity in temperate heathland and grassland mesocosms

2014 ◽  
Vol 11 (23) ◽  
pp. 7051-7060 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Schuerings ◽  
A. Jentsch ◽  
V. Hammerl ◽  
K. Lenz ◽  
H. A. L. Henry ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nutrient Cycling ◽  
Soil Temperature ◽  
Nitrogen Cycling ◽  
N Uptake ◽  
Snow Accumulation ◽  
Temperature Variability ◽  
Temperate Zone ◽  
N Leaching ◽  
N Availability ◽  
Winter Warming

Abstract. Winter air temperatures are projected to increase in the temperate zone, whereas snow cover is projected to decrease, leading to increased soil temperature variability, and potentially to changes in nutrient cycling. Here, we experimentally evaluated the effects of increased winter soil temperature variability on selected aspects of the N-cycle in mesocosms containing different plant community compositions. The experiment was replicated at two sites, a colder mountainous upland site with high snow accumulation and a warmer and drier lowland site. Increased soil temperature variability enhanced soil biotic activity for both sites during winter, as indicated by 35% higher nitrogen (N) availability in the soil solution, 40% higher belowground decomposition and a 25% increase in the potential activity of the enzyme cellobiohydrolase. The mobilization of N differed between sites, and the 15N signal in leaves was reduced by 31% in response to winter warming pulses, but only at the cold site, with significant reductions occurring for three of four tested plant species at this site. Furthermore, there was a trend of increased N leaching in response to the recurrent winter warming pulses. Overall, projected winter climate change in the temperate zone, with less snow and more variable soil temperatures, appears important for shifts in ecosystem functioning (i.e. nutrient cycling). While the effects of warming pulses on plant N mobilization did not differ among sites, reduced plant 15N incorporation at the colder temperate site suggests that frost damage may reduce plant N uptake in a warmer world, with important implications for nitrogen cycling and nitrogen losses from ecosystems.

scholarly journals Impact of Subsurface Temperature Variability on Surface Air Temperature Variability: An AGCM Study

2008 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 804-815 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarith P. P. Mahanama ◽  
Randal D. Koster ◽  
Rolf H. Reichle ◽  
Max J. Suarez
Keyword(s):  
Surface Temperature ◽  
Soil Temperature ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
Seasonal Cycle ◽  
Surface Air Temperature ◽  
Temperature Variability ◽  
Climate System ◽  
Boreal Summer ◽  
Temperature Anomalies ◽  
Subsurface Soil

Abstract Anomalous atmospheric conditions can lead to surface temperature anomalies, which in turn can lead to temperature anomalies in the subsurface soil. The subsurface soil temperature (and the associated ground heat content) has significant memory—the dissipation of a temperature anomaly may take weeks to months—and thus subsurface soil temperature may contribute to the low-frequency variability of energy and water variables elsewhere in the system. The memory may even provide some skill to subseasonal and seasonal forecasts. This study uses three long-term AGCM experiments to isolate the contribution of subsurface soil temperature variability to variability elsewhere in the climate system. The first experiment consists of a standard ensemble of Atmospheric Model Intercomparison Project (AMIP)-type simulations in which the subsurface soil temperature variable is allowed to interact with the rest of the system. In the second experiment, the coupling of the subsurface soil temperature to the rest of the climate system is disabled; that is, at each grid cell, the local climatological seasonal cycle of subsurface soil temperature (as determined from the first experiment) is prescribed. Finally, a climatological seasonal cycle of sea surface temperature (SST) is prescribed in the third experiment. Together, the three experiments allow the isolation of the contributions of variable SSTs, interactive subsurface soil temperature, and chaotic atmospheric dynamics to meteorological variability. The results show that allowing an interactive subsurface soil temperature does, indeed, significantly increase surface air temperature variability and memory in most regions. In many regions, however, the impact is negligible, particularly during boreal summer.

Alpine Soil Temperature Variability at Multiple Scales

2010 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
pp. 117-128 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dirk Wundram ◽  
Roland Pape ◽  
Jörg Löffler
Keyword(s):  
Soil Temperature ◽  
Multiple Scales ◽  
Temperature Variability ◽  
Alpine Soil

Effects of fire rotation interval and overstory type on ambient soil temperatures in ponderosa pine forests in Arizona

2019 ◽  
Vol 49 (10) ◽  
pp. 1320-1328
Author(s):  
David R. Weise ◽  
Stephen S. Sackett ◽  
Sally M. Haase ◽  
Nels Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Soil Temperature ◽  
Pinus Ponderosa ◽  
Ponderosa Pine ◽  
Prescribed Burning ◽  
Temperature Variability ◽  
Organic Layer ◽  
Prescribed Burns ◽  
Ponderosa Pine Forests ◽  
Low Intensity ◽  
Soil Temperatures

Ambient soil temperatures were measured every four weeks from May 1986 to November 1986 at three depths under the organic forest floor in ponderosa pine (Pinus ponderosa Lawson & C. Lawson) forests in three stand types subjected to periodic prescribed burning. Temperatures at the organic layer – soil surface interface in sawtimber stands were higher and more variable than in pole and saplings stands. Temperature variability reached a maximum in the summer and decreased into the fall and early winter. Soil temperature variability decreased as depth below the surface increased. Three years after the low-intensity prescribed burns, soil temperatures in the burned stands were not significantly different from the those in the unburned controls, suggesting that any effect, though none was detected, of the low-intensity prescribed burns on soil temperature and belowground processes affected by temperature is short-lived in these stands.

scholarly journals Diurnal Variability of Soil and Air temperature as a function of time and depth, A case study of the cold wave that hit Zawia region during the period 1-5 February 1999

2019 ◽  
pp. 142-165
Author(s):  
Abdelfatah Hadi Shibani
Keyword(s):  
Soil Temperature ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
Plant Protection ◽  
Temperature Variability ◽  
Cold Wave ◽  
Diurnal Variability ◽  
Weather Situation ◽  
Hourly Data ◽  
Hourly Variation

Soil temperature is one of the important variables in agricultural studies, which is necessary to be measured and analyze. There are some major challenges facing a lot of agricultural studies focus on soil temperature in Libya, such as, the soil temperature is measured only at Agro meteorological stations in the country, the lack of stations, the measurement of soil temperature is a cumbersome business and not as simple as air temperature be noted by single thermometer, Separate thermometers are required to measure the temperature of the soil at different depths, the installation of thermometer sensor correctly in the soil is another very complicated technical matter. However, in Libya there are no enough studies into the pattern of hourly variation in soil temperature over twenty-four hours due to the lack of such measurements at agricultural lands. So that, this attempt has been made to diagnose the behavior of soil temperature and air temperature as a case study, This work was carried out by using the daily and hourly data recorded for the temperature in the standard depths of soil (5,10,20,30,50,100 cm), and the surface air temperature at heights of (5, 10, 15, 50, 100, 150, 200 cm), Data were measured, Reported and collected every three hours interval during the period from 01 to 05 February 1999, at Zawia Agro-Meteorological Station where the location of the station was under the effect of cold wave. The data were measured on a daily basis at 0000, 0300, 0600, 0900, 1200, 1500, 1800, 2100 UTC. The correlation coefficient between the hourly soil temperature and hourly air temperature at certain depths and heights were calculated using the Pearson’s Formula, then the matrix of correlation factors have been derived, The vertical profile for the hourly variation of temperature in the layer between 100 cm under the surface of soil and 200 cm above the surface of soil have been described, Graphs and tables were done to show more explanation. The analysis of the observation shows that soil temperature variability decreases with depth, the highest temperature variability in top soil, and the lowest one is deeper than 50 cm. These results were affected due to the prevailing weather situation because at night time there is no enough solar radiation and the ambient temperature is lower than soil temperature. As a result, the soil temperature transferred heat from soil to atmosphere above. In addition, the low thermal conductivity of the soil is also one important factor that affects heat storage. These results demonstrated the importance of monitoring the soil temperature as an important element for agricultural studies. The results of the present paper could fill in some of the gap related to the soil temperature studies in Libya, and can be used for planning agronomic and plant protection practices.

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