scholarly journals Religious Memory in a Changing Society: The Case of India and Papua New Guinea

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 36
Author(s):  
Dušan Lužný
Keyword(s):  
National Identity ◽  
Material Culture ◽  
Collective Memory ◽  
Papua New Guinea ◽  
Religious Tradition ◽  
Field Research ◽  
New Guinea ◽  
National Memory ◽  
The Village ◽  
Changing Society

The study analyzes the place of religion in the national collective memory and the changes that have taken place in the field of religion in connection with the modernization and emergence of modern nationstates in India and Papua New Guinea (PNG). In the case of PNG, we look at the place of Christianization in the process of modernization, while in the case of India, we analyze the use of Hinduism in the process of forming national identity. Both cases are analyzed with the use of selected cases of material culture in specific localities and they show the ongoing struggle for the incorporation or segregation of original religious tradition into national identity. Both cases are analyzed on the basis of field research. In the case of India, we look at Bharat Mata Mandir in Haridwar, and in the case of Papua New Guinea, the tambaran building in the village of Kambot in East Sepik Province. While Bharat Mata Mandir demonstrates the modernization of tradition and the incorporation of religion into modern (originally secular) nationalism, the decline in tambaran houses is a result of Christianization and the modernization of PNG. The study shows that if there is a connection between religious memory and national memory (or national identity), the religious tradition is maintained or strengthened, whereas when religious memory and national memory are disconnected, religious memory is weakened in a modernizing society.

The Story of Storyboards from East Sepik, Papua New Guinea

2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-74
Author(s):  
Martin Soukup ◽  
Dušan Lužný
Keyword(s):  
Material Culture ◽  
Daily Life ◽  
Field Research ◽  
New Guinea ◽  
Colonial Period ◽  
Cultural Continuity ◽  
Cultural Changes ◽  
Post Colonial ◽  
Global Tourism ◽  
The Village

This study analyzes and interprets East Sepik storyboards, which the authors regard as a form of cultural continuity and instrument of cultural memory in the post-colonial period. The study draws on field research conducted by the authors in the village of Kambot in East Sepik. The authors divide the storyboards into two groups based on content. The first includes storyboards describing daily life in the community, while the other links the daily life to pre-Christian religious beliefs and views. The aim of the study is to analyze one of the forms of contemporary material culture in East Sepik in the context of cultural changes triggered by Christianization, colonial administration in the former Territory of New Guinea and global tourism.

scholarly journals Szlakiem białoruskich Poleszuków (raport z badań terenowych)

2015 ◽  
Vol 35 ◽  
pp. 215-236
Author(s):  
Mirosław Jankowiak ◽  
Łukasz Grajewski
Keyword(s):  
National Identity ◽  
Material Culture ◽  
Present Article ◽  
Field Research ◽  
Russian Language ◽  
The Rich ◽  
Rich Material ◽  
The Village ◽  
The Russian Language

Tracing the Belorussian Poleszuks (a report on field research)The present article is a report on field research conducted in summer 2010 in order to collect dialectological material. 13 localities were researched altogether: Pinsk and 11 villages of the Pinsk district and one village of the Stolin district. During the interviews the following topics were discussed: the language situation in the village, issues of national identity, visions of Polesia and Poleszuks, traditions and customs, issues of confession, attitude towards the process of draining bogs or image of Poland and Poles. Belorussian linguists (e.g. A. Krywicki) take note of the fact that Polesia, despite frequent dialectological research, has not been described accurately enough by linguists. The rich material collected showed not only well-preserved dialects of Polesia of Ukrainian basis (slight influence mainly of the Russian language can be observed with people of the oldest generation) but also strong though disappearing spiritual and material culture of the inhabitants of Polesia. По следам белорусских полешуков (отчёт по итогам полевых исследований) Настоящая статья является рапортом полевых исследований, проведённых летом 2010 г. с целью сбора диалектологического материала. Исследование охватило 13 населённых пунктов – город Пинск, 11 деревень Пинского района и одну деревню Столинского района Брестской области Беларуси. В интервью затрагивались следующие темы: языковая ситуация в деревне, вопросы национального самосознания, образы Полесья и полешуков, традиции и обычаи, вопросы вероисповедания, отношение к процессу мелиорации, а также образ Польши и поляков. Белорусские филологи (напр. А. Кривицкий) обращают внимание на то, что несмотря на многочисленные диалектологические исследования, Полесье остаётся территорией, которая всё ещё недостаточно подробно описана языковедами. Собранный обширный материал показал не только хорошо сохранившиеся полесские диалекты с украинской основой (среди респондентов старшего поколения видны незначительные влияния в основном русского языка), но и до сих пор сильную, хотя и угасающую духовную и материальную культуру полешуков.

COMBINING ORAL TRADITIONS AND BAYESIAN CHRONOLOGICAL MODELING TO UNDERSTAND VILLAGE DEVELOPMENT IN THE GULF OF PAPUA (PAPUA NEW GUINEA)

Radiocarbon ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 1-21
Author(s):  
Chris Urwin ◽  
Quan Hua ◽  
Henry Arifeae
Keyword(s):  
Papua New Guinea ◽  
New Guinea ◽  
Oral Traditions ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Spatial History ◽  
The Past ◽  
History Of ◽  
Gulf Of Papua ◽  
The Village

ABSTRACT When European colonists arrived in the late 19th century, large villages dotted the coastline of the Gulf of Papua (southern Papua New Guinea). These central places sustained long-distance exchange and decade-spanning ceremonial cycles. Besides ethnohistoric records, little is known of the villages’ antiquity, spatiality, or development. Here we combine oral traditional and 14C chronological evidence to investigate the spatial history of two ancestral village sites in Orokolo Bay: Popo and Mirimua Mapoe. A Bayesian model composed of 35 14C assays from seven excavations, alongside the oral traditional accounts, demonstrates that people lived at Popo from 765–575 cal BP until 220–40 cal BP, at which time they moved southwards to Mirimua Mapoe. The village of Popo spanned ca. 34 ha and was composed of various estates, each occupied by a different tribe. Through time, the inhabitants of Popo transformed (e.g., expanded, contracted, and shifted) the village to manage social and ceremonial priorities, long-distance exchange opportunities and changing marine environments. Ours is a crucial case study of how oral traditional ways of understanding the past interrelate with the information generated by Bayesian 14C analyses. We conclude by reflecting on the limitations, strengths, and uncertainties inherent to these forms of chronological knowledge.

scholarly journals ‘What better excuse for a real adventure’: History, Memory and Tourism on the Kokoda Track

2013 ◽  
Vol 20 ◽  
pp. 1-23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jo Hawkins
Keyword(s):  
National Identity ◽  
Papua New Guinea ◽  
Personal Development ◽  
Military History ◽  
New Guinea ◽  
Tourism Industry ◽  
Academic Interest ◽  
Interdisciplinary Methodology ◽  
Battlefield Tourism

Rapidly growing numbers of Australian tourists visiting overseas battle sites associated with Australian military history have been met with enthusiastic academic interest by historians, yet the vast majority of studies focus on Gallipoli, rather than the Kokoda Track. Prior to 2001, few tourists had undertaken a journey along the narrow jungle pathway, which winds 96km through the Owen Stanley Ranges in Papua New Guinea. Just over a decade later, the track supports a competitive tourism industry, dominated by Australian companies, and attracts thousands of trekkers each year. This paper applies an interdisciplinary methodology to better understand the duality of locations of battlefield tourism as sites of commemoration and, unavoidably, sites of commerce. A survey of 107 trekkers suggests that, in addition to an expression of national identity, the mythology associated with the Kokoda Track has been appropriated by Australian tourists to represent individualistic goals of personal development and transformation: meanings that originate from the site’s history but extend beyond it.

scholarly journals MEMBUKA KERAN KEMAJUAN DAN JARINGAN: GERAKAN DAKWAH LINTAS NEGARA (RI-PNG)

Harmoni ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 105-117
Author(s):  
Zaenal Abidin Eko Putro ◽  
Kustini Kosasih
Keyword(s):  
Problem Solving ◽  
Papua New Guinea ◽  
Qualitative Method ◽  
Field Research ◽  
New Guinea ◽  
Boarding School ◽  
Religious Group ◽  
Border Area ◽  
Trade Route

Abstrak Kegiatan dakwah yang dilakukan kelompok Jamaah Tabligh dan Pesantren Hidayatullah di Tanah Air telah banyak ditulis. Artikel ini hanya menambahkan saja satu lagi penelitian tentang kiprah kedua institusi tersebut, terutama jejak-jejaknya di wilayah perbatasan Skow Papua, yang berbatasan langsung dengan wilayah Papua New Guinea (PNG). Dai-dai dari kedua lembaga tersebut terus berkiprah dan belakangan memungkinkan terjadinya konversi warga PNG ke Islam.  Tulisn ini juga untuk menambahkan literatur tentang jarangnya penelitian kegiatan dakwah di perbatasan. Paper dari hasil riset lapangan dengan menggunakan metode kualitatif ini bertujuan untuk menjawab pertanyaan tentang seberapa jauh dakwah kedua institusi tersebut di kawasan perbatasan Skouw, termasuk capaian keberhasilan dan hambatan-hambatannya. Temuan penting dari riset ini antara lain, gerakan dakwah yang dilakukan oleh lembaga-lembaga seperti Jamaah Tabligh ini ternyata menyuguhkan bukan semata persoalan gerakan kesalehan berdasarkan anjuran agama, namun ternyata juga menyajikan jalinan kerjasama dan juga solusi untuk mencapai level kehidupan lebih baik, terutama untuk kalangan muallaf. Kata Kunci : Jamaah Tabligh, Pesantren Hidayatullah, Dakwah, Rute Perdagangan, hambatan budaya   Abstract Proselityzing activities carried out by Jamaat Tabligh and Hidayatullah Islamic Boarding School in Indonesia has been widely published elsewhere. This article is only to add one more study about these two Islamic group that deals chiefly with their specific proselytization activities in Skouw border Jayapura, Papua. This gate splits between Indonesia and Papua New Guinea (PNG). Dai or Islamic proselytization activists of both group continue to keep their dakwah activity that possibles to convert local PNG people into Islam. This paper is based on field research which is approached by qualitative method. Its aim is to respond the question to what extend missionarism of both Islamic religious group at Skow border area, what are achieved so far and what challenges to it. The essential result of this research shows that Islamic missionarism of both group focusing not merely on pietic movement based on relegious tenets, but also stressing on networking between Indonesian and PNG people. Also, it shows the problem solving for gaining economic wellfare, especially for new Islamic converters (muallaf). Keywords: Jamaah Tabligh, Hidayatullah Islami boarding school, Dakwah, Trade route, cultural gap.

Word-initial [h]-drop variation in Nmbo

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 250-277
Author(s):  
Eri Kashima
Keyword(s):  
Papua New Guinea ◽  
Intergenerational Transmission ◽  
New Guinea ◽  
Natural Speech ◽  
Speech Community ◽  
Speech Corpus ◽  
Language Ecology ◽  
Speech Data ◽  
The Village

Abstract This paper presents a natural speech corpus-based study of word-initial [h]-drop from the Nmbo speech community of southern Papua New Guinea. It is a speech community within a traditional egalitarian multilingual language ecology sustained by a practice of virilocal exogamy, and there is strong intergenerational transmission of local vernacular languages. This study investigates the propensity of word-initial [h]-drop in nouns, based on Nmbo speech data of Kerake tribe people. The results from the Nmbo Sociolinguistic Corpus shows clear age-conditioned variation, with younger speakers showing a higher propensity for [h]-drop. Nmbo speakers residing both within and outside their Nmbo villages of origin appear to be partaking in the innovative [h]-drop. The origin of the [h]-drop appears to be from the village with a more multilingual profile, as would be predicted by the notion of a multilingual feature pool (Cheshire, Kerswill, Fox, & Torgersen, 2011, Mufwene 2001).

Measuring Attitudes to National Identity and Nation-building in Papua New Guinea

2012 ◽  
Vol 64 (2) ◽  
pp. 121-144 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simon Feeny ◽  
Michael Leach ◽  
James Scambary
Keyword(s):  
National Identity ◽  
Papua New Guinea ◽  
Nation Building ◽  
New Guinea
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