scholarly journals Antihypertensive therapy: controlling the processes of replicative cell senescence

2020 ◽  
Vol 25 ◽  
pp. 3974
Author(s):  
E. N. Dudinskaya ◽  
L. V. Machekhina ◽  
K. A. Eruslanova ◽  
O. A. Dogotar ◽  
L. P. Ryltseva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antihypertensive Therapy ◽  
Enzyme Inhibitors ◽  
Angiotensin Converting Enzyme Inhibitors ◽  
Telomerase Activity ◽  
Biological Aging ◽  
Vascular Aging ◽  
Converting Enzyme Inhibitors ◽  
The Past ◽  
Vascular Ageing ◽  
And Oxidative Stress

The review includes data over the past 20 years on the mechanisms of the influence of hypertension and related interdependent conditions, such as insulin resistance, chronic inflammation and oxidative stress on the vascular ageing. The review also discusses modern concepts of the interaction of biological and vascular aging, as well as possible ways of their reversal. The central indicators of biological aging in this review are telomere length and telomerase activity. The article discusses antihypertensive therapy as a possible way to slow down both vascular and biological aging, and describes the results of modern studies on the effect of various antihypertensives, including angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors, sartans and others, on the telomeres.

Risk of Cerebral Hypoperfusion with Antihypertensive Therapy

DICP ◽  
1989 ◽  
Vol 23 (12) ◽  
pp. 957-962 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susan C. Eagan ◽  
Lance W. Payne ◽  
Susan C. Houtekier
Keyword(s):  
Antihypertensive Therapy ◽  
Antihypertensive Medication ◽  
Enzyme Inhibitors ◽  
Beta Blockers ◽  
Angiotensin Converting Enzyme Inhibitors ◽  
Cerebral Hypoperfusion ◽  
Channel Blockers ◽  
Converting Enzyme Inhibitors ◽  
Populations At Risk ◽  
Treatment Of Hypertension

The effective treatment of hypertension is a major factor in the declining incidence of stroke in North America. There are subsets of patients, however, in which antihypertensive therapy may actually cause cerebral ischemia and infarction. Elderly patients and those with malignant hypertension, acute stroke, and occlusive cerebrovascular disease appear to be the populations at greatest risk of iatrogenic stroke. This article reviews the effect of beta-blockers, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors, direct vasodilators, and calcium-channel blockers on cerebral blood flow in various populations. Although many investigations have been performed, it remains difficult to predict the risk of cerebral hypoperfusion due to antihypertensive medication in an individual patient. It is best for practitioners to be aware of the patient populations at risk and treat high blood pressure cautiously in these patients.

INDIVIDUALIZATION OF RENOPROTECTION IN DEPENDENCE FROM ESTIMATED GLOMERULAR FILTRATION RATE AND RENAL FUNCTIONAL RESERVE

2019 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-14
Author(s):  
D. D. Ivanov ◽  
A. I. Gozhenko ◽  
L. M. Savytska
Keyword(s):  
Estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate ◽  
Enzyme Inhibitors ◽  
Angiotensin Converting Enzyme Inhibitors ◽  
Functional Reserve ◽  
Estimated Gfr ◽  
Converting Enzyme Inhibitors ◽  
Additional Information ◽  
The Past ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Pharmacological Control

Renoprotection – a system of measures primarily pharmacological control, contributing to the continued preservation of renal function. Any medical activity or medicines that lead to a slowdown, suspension or reversion of eGFR could be considered as renoprotective. Currently, renoprotective drugs with evidence-based efficacy include angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEIs), and recently SGLT2 inhibitors. It is known that the therapeutic efficacy of renoprotective drugs depends on the initial eGFR. Hence, choosing renoprotection medicines, it is necessary to consider not only the estimated GFR (using the EPI formula), but also a functional renal reserve. Physiologically sound is the method of determining the renal reserve with oral administration of 0.45-0.50% sodium chloride solution at the rate of 0.5% of body weight. The definition of a renal reserve based on this technique, as a routine method for examining nephrological patients, provides additional information not only on the number of functioning nephrons, but also on their condition. Based on a retrospective analysis of more than 15 years of using ACEIs and studying the functional renal reserve, we proposed a differentiated approach to the appointment of renoprotective medicines in mono regime or drugs combination, taking into account the stage of the disease and the functional renal reserve for maximum preservation of functioning nephrons. This approach has been used by us for the past three years in clinical practice.

scholarly journals Duchenne Dilated Cardiomyopathy: Cardiac Management from Prevention to Advanced Cardiovascular Therapies

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. 3186 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rachele Adorisio ◽  
Erica Mencarelli ◽  
Nicoletta Cantarutti ◽  
Camilla Calvieri ◽  
Liliana Amato ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Therapeutic Strategy ◽  
Enzyme Inhibitors ◽  
Early Recognition ◽  
Systolic Function ◽  
Angiotensin Converting Enzyme Inhibitors ◽  
Current Treatment ◽  
Converting Enzyme Inhibitors ◽  
The Past ◽  
Prophylactic Use ◽  
Lv Systolic Function

Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) cardiomyopathy (DCM) is characterized by a hypokinetic, dilated phenotype progressively increasing with age. Regular cardiac care is crucial in DMD care. Early recognition and prophylactic use of angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEi) are the main stay therapeutic strategy to delay incidence of DMD-DCM. Pharmacological treatment to improve symptoms and left ventricle (LV) systolic function, have been widely implemented in the past years. Because of lack of DMD specific drugs, actual indications for established DCM include current treatment for heart failure (HF). This review focuses on current HF strategies to identify, characterize, and treat DMD-DCM.

scholarly journals Endothelial Progenitor Cell Dysfunction in Cardiovascular Diseases: Role of Reactive Oxygen Species and Inflammation

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chih-Pei Lin ◽  
Feng-Yen Lin ◽  
Po-Hsun Huang ◽  
Yuh-Lien Chen ◽  
Wen-Chi Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Cardiovascular Diseases ◽  
Enzyme Inhibitors ◽  
Inflammatory Responses ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Angiotensin Converting Enzyme Inhibitors ◽  
Angiotensin Ii Receptor ◽  
Endothelial Progenitor ◽  
Converting Enzyme Inhibitors ◽  
And Oxidative Stress

Endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) move towards injured endothelium or inflamed tissues and incorporate into foci of neovascularisation, thereby improving blood flow and tissue repair. Patients with cardiovascular diseases have been shown to exhibit reduced EPC number and function. It has become increasingly apparent that these changes may be effected in response to enhanced oxidative stress, possibly as a result of systemic and localised inflammatory responses. The interplay between inflammation and oxidative stress affects the initiation, progression, and complications of cardiovascular diseases. Recent studies suggest that inflammation and oxidative stress modulate EPC bioactivity. Clinical medications with anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties, such as statins, thiazolidinediones, angiotensin II receptor 1 blockers, and angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors, are currently administered to patients with cardiovascular diseases. These medications appear to exert beneficial effects on EPC biology. This review focuses on EPC biology and explores the links between oxidative stress, inflammation, and development of cardiovascular diseases.

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