scholarly journals Prevention of noncommunicable diseases as an opportunity to increase life expectancy and healthy longevity

2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 5-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Ya. Maslennikova ◽  
R. G. Oganov
Keyword(s):  
Life Expectancy ◽  
Noncommunicable Diseases ◽  
Increase Life Expectancy ◽  
Healthy Longevity

Application of BMP-2 for bone graft in Dentistry

RSBO ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 88
Author(s):  
Lídia Audrey Rocha Valadas Marques ◽  
Edvan Alves da Costa Júnior ◽  
Mara Assef Leitão Lotif ◽  
Edilson Martins Rodrigues Neto ◽  
Francisco Filipe Carvalho da Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Life Expectancy ◽  
Bone Graft ◽  
Bone Regeneration ◽  
Tooth Loss ◽  
Clinical Use ◽  
Increase Life Expectancy ◽  
Bone Replacement ◽  
Morphogenetic Protein ◽  
The Face ◽  
Global Increase

Introduction: The global increase life expectancy and the resulting tooth loss has required searching for new rehabilitation alternatives in Dentistry. Biomaterials can be defined as any material that acts replacing a lost bone defect and its function. In Dentistry, many studies have aimed to improve bone regeneration through the use of BMPs for bone replacement. Objective: To review the literature on the use and clinical viability of human morphogenetic protein for the jaws reconstruction. Material and methods: The following databases were searched: Pubmed, Bireme, Lilacs, and Scielo and 30 articles published between 1965 and 2013 were found using the following descriptors: “dental implants”, “maxillary sinus”, and “biocompatible materials”. Results: Several studies demonstrate the biological advantages of rhBMP-2 on bone regeneration of the jaws. In recent years, morphogenetic protein has presented a large clinical use. Conclusion: Despite being a high-cost biomaterial, rhBMP-2 is a viable and very effective alternative for reconstruction of defects of the face.

scholarly journals Life expectancy and mortality in 363 cities of Latin America

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Usama Bilal ◽  
◽  
Philipp Hessel ◽  
Carolina Perez-Ferrer ◽  
Yvonne L. Michael ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Latin America ◽  
Life Expectancy ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Causes Of Death ◽  
Urban Environments ◽  
Noncommunicable Diseases ◽  
Modifiable Factors ◽  
Specific Mortality ◽  
Latin American Countries

AbstractThe concept of a so-called urban advantage in health ignores the possibility of heterogeneity in health outcomes across cities. Using a harmonized dataset from the SALURBAL project, we describe variability and predictors of life expectancy and proportionate mortality in 363 cities across nine Latin American countries. Life expectancy differed substantially across cities within the same country. Cause-specific mortality also varied across cities, with some causes of death (unintentional and violent injuries and deaths) showing large variation within countries, whereas other causes of death (communicable, maternal, neonatal and nutritional, cancer, cardiovascular disease and other noncommunicable diseases) varied substantially between countries. In multivariable mixed models, higher levels of education, water access and sanitation and less overcrowding were associated with longer life expectancy, a relatively lower proportion of communicable, maternal, neonatal and nutritional deaths and a higher proportion of deaths from cancer, cardiovascular disease and other noncommunicable diseases. These results highlight considerable heterogeneity in life expectancy and causes of death across cities of Latin America, revealing modifiable factors that could be amenable to urban policies aimed toward improving urban health in Latin America and more generally in other urban environments.

scholarly journals Emerging Role of PACAP as a New Potential Therapeutic Target in Major Diabetes Complications

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rubina Marzagalli ◽  
Soraya Scuderi ◽  
Filippo Drago ◽  
James A. Waschek ◽  
Alessandro Castorina
Keyword(s):  
Life Expectancy ◽  
Adenylate Cyclase ◽  
Diabetes Complications ◽  
Increase Life Expectancy ◽  
Potential Therapeutic Target ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Major Complications ◽  
Secondary Damage ◽  
Pituitary Adenylate Cyclase

Enduring diabetes increases the probability of developing secondary damage to numerous systems, and these complications represent a cause of morbidity and mortality. Establishing the causes of diabetes remains the key step to eradicate the disease, but prevention as well as finding therapies to ameliorate some of the major diabetic complications is an equally important step to increase life expectancy and quality for the millions of individuals already affected by the disease or who are likely to develop it before cures become routinely available. In this review, we will firstly summarize some of the major complications of diabetes, including endothelial and pancreatic islets dysfunction, retinopathy, and nephropathy, and then discuss the emerging roles exerted by the neuropeptide pituitary adenylate cyclase activating polypeptide (PACAP) to counteract these ranges of pathologies that are precipitated by the prolonged hyperglycemic state. Finally, we will describe the main signalling routes activated by the peptide and propose possible future directions to focus on developing more effective peptide-based therapies to treat the major complications associated with longstanding diabetes.

Preventive health screenings and health consultations in primary care increase life expectancy without increasing costs

2007 ◽  
Vol 35 (4) ◽  
pp. 365-372 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susanne R. Rasmussen ◽  
Janus L. Thomsen ◽  
Jannie Kilsmark ◽  
Anne Hvenegaard ◽  
Marianne Engberg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Primary Care ◽  
Life Expectancy ◽  
Preventive Health ◽  
Increase Life Expectancy ◽  
Health Screenings

scholarly journals Rising Educational Levels Contribute to Compression of Morbidity. A Multi-State Life Table Analysis of the Netherlands 1995-2015

2002 ◽  
pp. 77-96
Author(s):  
E. Kunst Anton ◽  
M. A. Joung Inez ◽  
J. Nusselder Wilma ◽  
W. N. Looman Caspar ◽  
P. Mackenbach Johan
Keyword(s):  
Life Expectancy ◽  
Educational Level ◽  
Total Population ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Transition Rates ◽  
Compression Of Morbidity ◽  
Increase Life Expectancy ◽  
Male Population ◽  
Educational Levels ◽  
Table Analysis

Objective: This paper assesses whether the future rise in educational levels of theelderly may not only increase life expectancy (LE) but also at the same timecontribute to a reduction in life expectancy with disability (LED).Methods: For each educational level, LE and LED were estimated from multi-statelife tables with a disabled and non-disabled state. Basic transition rates wereestimated from regression analysis of data of a Dutch longitudinal study. The resultsper educational level were aggregated to the total population for the years 1995,2005 and 2015.Results: In 1995, men in the highest educational level had a 0.9 years longerLE and a 5.4 years shorter LED than men in the lowest level. Differences amongwomen were larger (2.0 and 8.3 years). Due to rising educational levels between1995 and 2015, LE for the total male population would increase by 0.2 years whileLED would decrease by 0.5 years. A larger effect was observed for women(0.2 and 1.5 years).Conclusion: Rising educational levels of the elderly are likely to contribute to acompression of morbidity over the next decades, especially among women.

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