scholarly journals Effect of Different Fertilizing Systems on Seed Yield and Phosphorus Uptake in Annual Medics under Dryland Farming Conditions

2011 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
pp. 191 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ghobad SHABANI ◽  
Mohammad Reza ARDAKANI ◽  
Mohammd Reza CHAICHI ◽  
Juergen FRIEDEL ◽  
Kazem KHAVAZI ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seed Yield ◽  
Seed Bank ◽  
Soil Seed Bank ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Phosphorus Uptake ◽  
Chemical Fertilizer ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Nitrogen Fixing ◽  
Nitrogen Fixing Bacteria ◽  
Dry Farming

The effect of different fertilizing systems on the seed yield and phosphorus uptake in annual medic (Medicago scutellata cv. Robinson) was examined at two locations under dry farming conditions in Kermanshah province, Iran, in 2009. Experiments were conducted based on a randomized complete block design with three replications; the treatments consisted of control (no fertilizer), chemical fertilizer, biological fertilizer and different combinations of chemical and biological fertilizing systems. The results showed that application of different fertilizing systems had a highly significant effect on the number of pods per plant. The highest values were obtained in the treatment using the urea chemical fertilizer + phosphorus-solubilizing bacteria + mycorrhiza. The highest soil seed bank was recorded in the nitrogen-fixing bacteria + phosphorus-solubilizing bacteria treatment; it increased the number of seeds by approximately 50 percent compared to the control (only 134 pod containing seeds). The highest pod yield was obtained after applying nitrogen-fixing bacteria + mycorrhiza (445 kg/ha), the lowest yield in the control treatment (266 kg/ha). In general, under the conditions of this experiment, the seed yield of annual medic var. Robinson receiving nitrogen-fixing + phosphorus-solubilizing bacteria out-yielded other fertilizing treatments. This indicates a synergistic interaction between these groups of bacteria that increases seed yield, the soil seed bank as well as the seed phosphorus uptake of this plant species under dry farming conditions.

RESPONSE OF DIFFERENT VARIETIES OF FABA BEAN TO PLANT SOURCE ORGANIC FERTILIZERS

2017 ◽  
Vol 48 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dhary & Al-Baldawi
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Area ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Winter Season ◽  
Chemical Fertilizer ◽  
Glycyrrhiza Glabra ◽  
Organic Fertilizers ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Heliotropium Europaeum ◽  
And Control

A  Field experiment was conducted during winter season at 2015 – 2016 at the experimental farm, department of Field Crop, College of Agriculture, University of Baghdad / Jadriyah to investigate effect of Organic Fertilizers preparation from weed plants on various broad bean varieties behavior and relationships with seed yield and its components. A randomized complete block design (RCBD) arranged according to split-plots used with three replicates including four organic fertilizers prepared from weeds Licorice (Glycyrrhiza glabra), Mallow (Malva rotundifolia), Purslane (Portulaca oleracea), European Heliotropic (Heliotropium europaeum), chemical fertilizer and control (without fertilizer) treatments, main plots included three varieties of Bean (Netherlands, Spanish and Locality ). The results showed that application of fertilizers significantly effect on studied characters, the treatment of Glycyrrhiza glabra gave higher rate of yield 3417 Kg ha-1, and There were no significant differences between Glycyrrhiza glabra and chemical fertilizer (NPK) at seed yield. Application of NPK showed highest No. of branches per plant, leaf area, thus reduction the flower portion percentage (4.02%) and increase pod numbers per plant and seed number per pod compared to control treatment. The results showed significant differences between varieties. The Spanish variety gave highest means of No. of branches per plant and leaf area per plant, thus reducing the flower portion and increase the number of pods per plant, number of seeds per pod and seed yield 3231 Kg ha-1. The Netherland variety gave higher weight of 100 seeds 47.94 g than the other varieties. Also, the most of characters were significantly influenced by interaction between varieties and fertilizers.

scholarly journals Effect of Nitrogen Fixing Bacteria and Nitrogen Rate on Yield and Growth of Common Bean

2020 ◽  
Vol 68 (3) ◽  
pp. 491-496
Author(s):  
Somaye Fallahi ◽  
Peyman Sharifi
Keyword(s):  
Common Bean ◽  
Nitrogen Content ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Yield Potential ◽  
Nitrogen Fixing ◽  
Rhizobium Phaseoli ◽  
Nitrogen Fixing Bacteria ◽  
Pod Length

To study the effects of nitrogen (N) rate and co-inoculation of nitrogen-fixing bacteria (Rhizobium phaseoli) on common bean, an experiment was performed in Rasht, Iran. Common bean genotype, Guilanian landrace, was planted in a factorial experiment based on a randomized complete block design with three replicates on April, 15th in 2014. The first and second factors were nitrogen rates (0, 30, 60, 90 and 120 kg.ha-1 as urea) and Rhizobium phaseoli (inoculation and un-inoculation), respectively. Nitrogen had significant effect on seed yield and plant height. The effect of Rhizobium phaseoli was significant on seed yield, plant height, pod length, pods per plant, seeds per pod and nitrogen content in leaf. Interaction effects of nitrogen and Rhizobium phaseoli were not significant on any of the traits. Application of 60 kg.ha-1 nitrogen significantly improved seed yield, plant height and number of pods per plant. Nitrogen supply beyond the 60 kg.ha-1 decreased plant height, pods per plant and seed yield. The greatest values of seed yield (1635 kg.ha-1), plant height (30.01 cm), pod length (13.19 cm), number of pods per plant (6.7), number of seeds per pod (4.34) and nitrogen content in leaf (4.12%) was observed in inoculation treatment. The results indicated the inoculation of common bean seeds by Rhizobium phaseoli improved the plant growth, productivity and quality. Therefore, the common bean inoculation with Rhizobium phaseoli is suitable to achieve the yield potential and reduce the adverse effects of environmental and may be recommended due to its advantages in terms of reduced application of nitrogen fertilizer.

scholarly journals RESPONSE OF GREEN BEAN TO NITROGEN FIXING BACTERIAL INOCULATION AND MOLYBDENUM

2017 ◽  
Vol 48 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Al-Rukabi & Al-Jebory
Keyword(s):  
Block Design ◽  
Total Yield ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Total Production ◽  
Nitrogen Fixing ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Green Beans ◽  
Nitrogen Fixing Bacteria ◽  
Root Branching ◽  
Shoot Number

The experiment was conducted at the fields of the Department of Horticulture and Landscape Gardening, College of Agriculture, University of Baghdad, Aljadrya campus during the spring season of 2015 to study the response of green beans to the inoculation with nitrogen fixing bacteria including Rhizobium phaseoli, Azotobacter chroococcum, and Azospirillum brasilense and molybdenum. The experiment was carried out according to the randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications each included 11 treatments represent the interactions between nitrogen fixing bacteria strains, molybdenum solo application, molybdenum and bacteria strains interactions, in addition to the recommended nitrogen application and control treatment. Results were analyzed using the least significant differences (LSD) test at 5% level of significance. Results showed that treatment with all three bacteria strains and Mo (T11) gave the most significant value of leaf area and N, P, Fe, Mo in the pods which gave 59.50 dm2.plant-1, 2.24%, 0.25%, 51.67 mg.kg-1, and 0.34 mg.kg-1, respectively. However, treatment with nitrogen (T2) significantly increase potassium percentage in plant pods, root branching, and leaf chlorophyll content that reached 1.71%, 12.11 branch.plant-1, and 147.98 mg.100 g-1 fresh weight. Moreover, treatment with both R. phaseoli and A. chroococcum (T5) gave the highest root dry weight of 7.78 g.plant-1 while the treatment with both R. phaseoli and A. chroococcum and Mo (T9) gave the highest root nodular fresh weight of 633.51 mg.plant-1. Treatments with R. phaseoli alone (T4) and with both R. phaseoli and A. chroococcum (T5) significantly increased shoot number that reached 4.11 shoot.plant-1 while treatment with all bacteria strains (T7) yielded the highest pod’s weight of 5.91 g. As for the total yield, treatment with both R. phaseoli and A. chroococcum and Mo showed to significantly increase total production that gave 20.96 Ton.Ha-1.        

Arbuscular mycorrhizae alleviate water deficit stress and improve antioxidant response, more than nitrogen fixing bacteria or chemical fertilizer in the evening primrose

Rhizosphere ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. 76-89 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahmood Mohammadi ◽  
Seyed Ali Mohammad Modarres-Sanavy ◽  
Hemmatolah Pirdashti ◽  
Behnam Zand ◽  
Zeinolabedin Tahmasebi-Sarvestani
Keyword(s):  
Water Deficit ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizae ◽  
Antioxidant Response ◽  
Chemical Fertilizer ◽  
Water Deficit Stress ◽  
Nitrogen Fixing ◽  
Nitrogen Fixing Bacteria ◽  
Evening Primrose

scholarly journals Effects of Iron and Zinc Spray on Yield and Yield Components of Wheat (Triticum Aestivum L.) in Drought Stress

2013 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-32 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Monjezi ◽  
F. Vazin ◽  
M. Hassanzadehdelouei
Keyword(s):  
Drought Stress ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Yield Components ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Yield Reduction ◽  
Irrigation Level ◽  
Seed Filling ◽  
Yield And Yield Components ◽  
Iron And Zinc

Abstract In hot and arid regions, drought stress is considered as one of the main reasons for yield reduction. To study the effect of drought stress, iron and zinc spray on the yield and yield components of wheat, an experiment was carried out during the crop seasons of 2010 and 2011 on Shahid Salemi Farm in Ahwaz as a split factorial within randomized complete block design with three replications. The main plots with irrigation factor and three levels were considered: Level A) full irrigation, Level B) stopping irrigation at pollination step, and Level C) stopping irrigation at the seed filling stage. Subsidiary plots were considered with and without iron and zinc spray. Influencing the seed filling process, in interaction with iron, wich is an important leaf's chlorophyll cation, zinc increased the seed yield. The drought stress reduced the thousand kernels weight (TKW) and the number of seeds per spike increased about 24% and 8.5% more than the one of control treatment, respectively. Using iron, as compared with control treatment, causes the increase of thousand kernels weight from 45.71 to 46.83 grams and the increase of spike from 49.51 to 51.73. Zinc spray increased seed yield and thousand kernels weight. The results obtained from the present research showed that iron and zinc spray has fairly improved the effects caused by drought stress.

scholarly journals Effect of Iron on Yield of Corn (Zea mays L.) in Drought Stress

2019 ◽  
Vol 52 (1) ◽  
pp. 34-43
Author(s):  
K. Rafsanjani ◽  
A. Madani ◽  
F. Vazin
Keyword(s):  
Drought Stress ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Arid Regions ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Yield Reduction ◽  
Pan Evaporation ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Four Levels ◽  
Number Of Seeds

Abstract In hot and arid regions, drought stress is considered as one of the main reasons for yield reduction. To study the effect of drought stress, iron spray on the yield and yield components of corn, an experiment was carried out during the crop seasons of 2013 on research Farm in Faizabad of Iran, as a split plot within randomized complete block design with three replications. The main plots with irrigation factor and four levels were considered: level A) 50 ml evaporation from pan evaporation; level B) 100 ml evaporation from pan evaporation; level C) 150 ml evaporation from pan evaporation and level D) 200 ml evaporation from pan evaporation. Sub plots were considered with iron spray in three levels, included level A) 80 g/ha, level B) 130 g/ha and level C) 180 g/ha. The drought stress reduced seed yield, the 1000-kernels weight (TKW), the number of seeds per ear, the number of seeds per row in ear, the number of rows per ear about 39%, 6%, 31%, 14% and 27% less than control treatment, respectively. Using iron, as compared with control treatment, causes the increase of 1000-kernels weight from 295 to 311 g and the increase of seed yield from 5188 to 7078. The results obtained from the present research showed that iron spray has fairly improved the effects caused by drought stress.

Endophytic nitrogen fixation – a possible ‘hidden’ source of nitrogen for lodgepole pine trees growing at unreclaimed gravel mining sites

2019 ◽  
Vol 95 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kiran Preet Padda ◽  
Akshit Puri ◽  
Chris Chanway
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Fixation ◽  
Lodgepole Pine ◽  
Nifh Gene ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Nitrogen Fixing ◽  
Nitrogen Fixing Bacteria ◽  
Mining Sites ◽  
Greenhouse Study ◽  
Gravel Mining ◽  
Pine Trees

ABSTRACT Lodgepole pine (Pinus contorta var. latifolia) trees have been thriving on unreclaimed gravel mining sites in British Columbia, Canada, with tissue nitrogen-content and growth-rate unaffected by extremely low soil nitrogen-levels. This indicates that pine trees could be accessing a hidden nitrogen source to fulfill their nitrogen requirements – possibly via endophytic nitrogen-fixation. Endophytic bacteria originally isolated from native pine trees growing at gravel sites were selected (n = 14) for in vitro nitrogen-fixation assays and a year long greenhouse study to test the overall hypothesis that naturally occurring endophytic nitrogen-fixing bacteria sustain pine tree growth under nitrogen-limited conditions. Each of the 14 bacteria colonized the internal tissues of pine trees in the greenhouse study and fixed significant amounts of nitrogen from atmosphere (23%–53%) after one year as estimated through 15N isotope dilution assay. Bacterial inoculation also significantly enhanced the length (31%–64%) and biomass (100%–311%) of pine seedlings as compared to the non-inoculated control treatment. In addition, presence of the nifH gene was confirmed in all 14 bacteria. Our results support the possibility that pine trees associate with nitrogen-fixing bacteria, capable of endophytic colonization, to survive at unreclaimed gravel mining pits and this association could potentially be utilized for effective reclamation of highly disturbed sites in a sustainable manner.

scholarly journals Effect of Spraying With Bread Yeast Suspension and The Addition of NPK+(TE) on The Chemical Content of The Leaves of Tamarind Young Plants (Tamarindus indica L.)

2021 ◽  
Vol 910 (1) ◽  
pp. 012073
Author(s):  
Jamal Abdul Redha Al-Rabea'a ◽  
Manal Zubari Sebti Al Mayah ◽  
Eman Abdulali Al-Sereh
Keyword(s):  
Trace Elements ◽  
Potassium Concentration ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Chemical Fertilizer ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Total Chlorophyll ◽  
Tamarindus Indica ◽  
Yeast Suspension ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Chemical Content

Abstract The experiment was carried out during the spring season from 1/3/2019 to 1/9/2019, to study the effect of foliar spraying with a suspension of bread yeast at concentrations 0.0, 2.5, 5.0 and 7.5 g.L-1, and the addition of the compound chemical fertilizer NPK+Trace Elements(TE)20-20-20 for soil with three levels (0.0, 0.5 and 1.0 g.plant-1 ) and their interactions in the chemical content of the leaves of two years old tamarind young plants. The research was carried out as a factorial experiment (4*3) according to the randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications. The indicators of the study showed that the foliar spraying with bread yeast suspension led to an improvement in most of the studied traits of tamarind young plants and the foliar spraying treatment with a concentration of 7.5 g.L-1 excelled in achieving the best results in comparison with the control treatment of nitrogen, phosphorous, potassium and protein content in the tamarind young plants leaves. Total chlorophyll and carotene, yeast did not have any significant effect in any of the concentrations in the experiment. The compound chemical fertilizer NPK+Trace Elements improved all the studied characteristics of tamarind young plants, and the treatment at the level 0.5 g.plant-1. While the concentration of one g.plant-1was superior in recording a significant increase of potassium concentration in the leaves. Whereas, the interaction between foliar spraying with bread yeast suspension and the addition of the neutral chemical fertilizer NPK+Trace Elements showed a significant effect in most of the studied traits, where the treatment was superior to 7.5 g.L-1 yeast and 0.5 g.plant-1 neutral fertilizer in recording the highest content in leaves of element N andprotein in the leaves, while the treatment recorded 7.5 g.L-' yeast and 0g.plant-1 neutral fertilizer was superior in the percentage of phosphorous, while the concentrations7.5 g.L-1 yeast and lg.plant-1. Neutral fertilizer were superior in percentage of Potassium in the leaves of tamarind young plants achieved a concentration of 0.0 g.L-1 yeast and 0.5g.plant-1 neutral fertilizer an outperformance in the leaf content of total chlorophyllwhile the treatment recorded 5 g.L-1 yeast and 0 g.plant-1 neutral fertilizer was superior in the percentage of carotene.

The performance of subterranean vetch (Vicia sativa ssp. amphicarpa) in a cereal/pasture rotation in north-west Syria

2002 ◽  
Vol 53 (5) ◽  
pp. 609 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. A. Street ◽  
A. M. Abd El Moneim ◽  
P. S. Cocks
Keyword(s):  
Seed Yield ◽  
Seed Bank ◽  
Soil Seed Bank ◽  
Farming System ◽  
Yield Reduction ◽  
Vicia Sativa ◽  
Dramatic Reduction ◽  
North West ◽  
Fold Reduction ◽  
Ley Farming

The aim of this study was to determine if subterranean vetch can persist in a cereal–legume ley farming system and to determine when it is most susceptible to grazing. Grazing treatments were applied to a series of plots containing subterranean vetch during the establishment year. Thereafter the plots were alternately sown to barley or left for the vetch to regenerate. Early grazing caused a seed yield reduction of about 75%. Later grazing treatments had no effect on seed yield, which were between 1000 and 1400 kg/ha. The first cereal phase caused a 6–10-fold reduction in seed bank size. During the 2 years following the first barley year, the seed bank increased to about 900 kg/ha. The second barley year caused a 4-fold reduction in the soil seed bank. Although subterranean vetch managed to persist for 5 years, the dramatic reduction in the seed bank after the barley years indicates that subterranean vetch will not persist at a useful density in a system where 2 or more cropping years run successively. However, other studies have shown that there are enough genotypes with the necessary levels of hardseededness to fit the ley system.

Yield and quality of summer onion seeds as influenced by vernalization and boron application

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 371-378
Author(s):  
A Hossain ◽  
MT Tasmim ◽  
MA Nahar ◽  
MR Karim
Keyword(s):  
Seed Yield ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Positive Influence ◽  
Combined Effect ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design

The experiment was conducted at the Horticultural Farm, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh during the period from October, 2018 to April, 2019. The present study was aimed at determining the effect of vernalization and doses of boron on seed yield and quality of summer onion. There were three vernalization treatments viz., no vernalization (control), vernalization at 10°C for 25 days and vernalization at10°C for 40 days and four boron treatment viz., 0 kg ha-1, 1 kg ha-1, 2 kg ha-1 and 3 kg ha-1. The two-factor experiment was laid out in the Randomized Complete Block Design with three replications. The results of the experiment showed that the vernalization had significant and positive influence on all the parameters studied. Boron had also significant effects on all the parameters. Interaction between vernalization and boron was significant on all the yield and yield contributing parameters. The highest seed yield (191.01 kg ha-1) was obtained from vernalization at 10°C for 40 days and lowest (137.88 kg/ha) from control. The highest seed yield (255.38kgha-1) was obtained from 3 kg ha-1 boron and lowest (83.48 kg ha-1) from control. When combined effect was considered the highest seed yield (293.36 kgha-1) was obtained from vernalization at 10°C for 40 days with 3 kg ha-1 boron. The lowest value (69.50 kg/ha) was recorded in the control treatment. Progressive Agriculture 30 (4): 371-378, 2019

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