rhizobium phaseoli
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2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hezekiah Korir ◽  
Nancy W. Mungai ◽  
Victor W. Wasike

Abstract Use of phosphate solubilizing bacteria (PSB) and rhizobia can have a positive effect on the growth of common bean. This study aimed at determining the mechanisms of action of native bacterial strains; and to determine their effect in enhancing growth of common bean. The strains were screened for their ability to solubilize insoluble inorganic phosphates and production of indole acetic acid in vitro. A greenhouse experiment was set up to evaluate the response of common bean to inoculation with selected bacterial strains. Six of the bacterial isolates tested showed a positive result for IAA production. Rhizobium pusense showed the greatest solubilization efficiency of 648 followed by Bacillus megaterium (322.3) and Rhizobium phaseoli (308.7). Inoculation of common bean with Rhizobia and PSB had a significant effect on the number of nodules per plant. The highest shoot biomass was observed when Rhizobium phaseoli was co-inoculated with P. polymyxa (4.3g plant-1) compared to the single Rhizobium phaseoli inoculation (1.14 g plant-1). The shoot tissue nitrogen and phosphorous concentration was increased as a results of co-inoculation up to 32.5% and 75.4% respectively. Therefore, tested bacterial strains have great potential in being formulated and used as biofertilizers that can be evaluated under varying field conditions.


2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
José Luis Aguirre-Noyola ◽  
Mónica Rosenblueth ◽  
Michel Geovanni Santiago-Martínez ◽  
Esperanza Martínez-Romero

Corn and common bean have been cultivated together in Mesoamerica for thousands of years in an intercropping system called “milpa,” where the roots are intermingled, favoring the exchange of their microbiota, including symbionts such as rhizobia. In this work, we studied the genomic expression of Rhizobium phaseoli Ch24-10 (by RNA-seq) after a 2-h treatment in the presence of root exudates of maize and bean grown in monoculture and milpa system under hydroponic conditions. In bean exudates, rhizobial genes for nodulation and degradation of aromatic compounds were induced; while in maize, a response of genes for degradation of mucilage and ferulic acid was observed, as well as those for the transport of sugars, dicarboxylic acids and iron. Ch24-10 transcriptomes in milpa resembled those of beans because they both showed high expression of nodulation genes; some genes that were expressed in corn exudates were also induced by the intercropping system, especially those for the degradation of ferulic acid and pectin. Beans grown in milpa system formed nitrogen-fixing nodules similar to monocultured beans; therefore, the presence of maize did not interfere with Rhizobium–bean symbiosis. Genes for the metabolism of sugars and amino acids, flavonoid and phytoalexin tolerance, and a T3SS were expressed in both monocultures and milpa system, which reveals the adaptive capacity of rhizobia to colonize both legumes and cereals. Transcriptional fusions of the putA gene, which participates in proline metabolism, and of a gene encoding a polygalacturonase were used to validate their participation in plant–microbe interactions. We determined the enzymatic activity of carbonic anhydrase whose gene was also overexpressed in response to root exudates.


2021 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Bruno Britto Lisboa ◽  
Thomas Müller Schmidt ◽  
Arthur Henrique Ely Thomé ◽  
Raul Antonio Sperotto ◽  
Camila Gazolla Volpiano ◽  
...  

Summary Inoculation of symbiotic N2-fixing rhizobacteria (rhizobia) in legumes is an alternative to reduce synthetic N fertiliser input to crops. Even though common bean benefits from the biological N2 fixation carried out by native rhizobia isolates, the low efficiency of this process highlights the importance of screening new strains for plant inoculation. Two rhizobial strains (SEMIA 4108 and SEMIA 4107) previously showed great potential to improve the growth of common beans under greenhouse conditions. Thus, this study evaluated the growth and grain yield of common bean plants inoculated with those strains in field experiments. The rhizobial identification was performed by 16S rRNA sequencing and the phylogeny showed that SEMIA 4108 and SEMIA 4107 are closely related to Rhizobium phaseoli, within a clade containing other 18 Rhizobium spp. type strains. Common bean plants inoculated with SEMIA 4107 showed similar productivity to N-fertilised (N+) plants in the first experiment (2016/17) and higher productivity in the second experiment (2018/19). The development of inoculated plants was different from that observed for N+. Nonetheless, comparing inoculated treatments with N-fertilised control, no yield or productivity losses at the end of the growing process were detected. Our results showed that inoculation of the rhizobial isolates SEMIA 4108 and SEMIA 4107 improved the growth and grain yield of common bean plants. The observed agronomical performance confirms that both strains were effective and can sustain common bean growth without nitrogen fertilisation under the edaphoclimatic conditions of this study.


2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 30-37
Author(s):  
Gustavo Santoyo-Pizano ◽  
José Luis Hernández-Mendoza ◽  
Liliana Márquez-Benavides ◽  
Gustavo De Luna-Esquivel ◽  
Juan Manuel Sánchez-Yáñez

The genus and species of Rhizobium phaseoli are useful as an inoculant for the production of Phaseolus vulgaris (beans) in the root nodules symbiotic stage fixes molecular nitrogen (FN) for supplying nitrogen (N) for healthy growth. In P. vulgaris cropping, pesticides are used to control root insects, which could reduce the beneficial effect of R. phaseoli. The purpose of this work was to isolate and select R. phaseoli diazinon´s tolerance. In that sense, R. phaseoli were cultivated in a medium mixed with diazinon in order to select R. phaseoli tolerant to the pesticide. This mutant of R. phaseoli tolerant to diazinon was inoculated in P. vulgaris the effect was evaluated 45 days later. The response of P. vulgaris was measured by the number of effective nodules at the roots, fresh and dry weight, and the height of the plant. Results showed that R. phaseoli tolerant to diazinon kept its beneficial activity for the healthy growth of P. vulgaris. It was concluded that R. phaseoli tolerant to diazinon were infec-tive and effective for the health growth of P. vulgaris.


2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 30-37
Author(s):  
Gustavo Santoyo-Pizano ◽  
José Luis Hernández-Mendoza ◽  
Liliana Márquez-Benavides ◽  
Gustavo De Luna-Esquivel ◽  
Juan Manuel Sánchez-Yáñez

El género y especie Rhizobium phaseoli es usado como inoculante en la producción de Phaseolus vulgaris (fríjol), porque en los nódulos de sus raíces, establece una simbiosis para fijar el nitrógeno molecular (FBN) y suplir la demanda de nitrógeno (N) para un crecimiento sano. En el cultivo de P. vulgaris se aplican plaguicidas en el control de insectos plaga de raíz, que evitan el efecto benéfico de R. phaseoli., por lo que los objetivos de este trabajo fueron aislar y seleccionar R. phaseoli tolerante a diazinón. Para ello, R. phaseoli se creció en caldo extracto levadura manitol con diazinón y selecciono R. phaseoli tolerante al insecticida e inoculó en P. vulgaris para determinar la infectividad con base en el número de nódulos, mientras que la efectividad para la FBN en la raíz, de acuerdo al incremento en el peso fresco y seco, en la altura de la planta, y en la capacidad para degradar el diazinón. Se concluye que el R. phaseoli tolerante a diazinón fue infectivo y efectivo para el sano crecimiento de P. vulgaris.


2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali Nabhani ◽  
Leika Rushing ◽  
Heather Newkirk ◽  
Ben Burrowes ◽  
Ryland Young ◽  
...  

Here, we present the genome of Palo, a T7-like podophage of Rhizobium phaseoli . The genome is 46.3 kb and contains 58 predicted protein-coding genes, including a novel signal-anchor-release (SAR) endolysin, a homolog of the T5 A1 protein required for DNA transfer, and a dual-start holin/antiholin pair.


2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Wida Ningsih ◽  
Ida Hodiyah ◽  
Suhardjadinata Suhardjadinata

Kacang hijau merupakan tanaman pangan kelompok leguminosa (polong-polongan). Kacanghijau kurang respon terhadap pemupukan Nitrogen karena bersimbiosis dengan bakteri Rhizobiumyang dapat memfiksasi Nitrogen bebas dari udara. Penelitian yang bertujuan untuk mengetahuiinteraksi antara pengaruh inokulasi Rhizobium phaseoli dan takaran pupuk urea terhadap pertumbuhandan hasil kacang hijau telah dilaksanakan di Kebun Percobaan Fakultas Pertanian UniversitasSiliwangi, Kelurahan Mugarsari Kecamatan Tamansari Kota Tasikmalaya pada bulan Maret sampaiJuni 2019. Penelitian menggunakan Rancangan Petak Terbagi (RPT) yang terdiri dari 12 kombinasiperlakuan yang diulang sebanyak 3 kali. Faktor petak utama adalah dosis Rhizobium phaseoli yaitu p0(tanpa Rhizobium phaseoli), p1 (10 gram/kg benih), dan p2 (15 gram/kg benih). Faktor anak petakadalah dosis urea yaitu n0 (0 kg/ha), n1 (50 kg/ha), n2 (32,5 kg/ha), n3 (25 kg/ha). Hasil penelitianmenunjukkan tidak terdapat interaksi antara inokulasi Rhizobium phaseoli dan pupuk urea terhadappertumbuhan dan hasil kacang hijau. Namun secara mandiri pupuk urea berpengaruh terhadap jumlahbintil akar yang terbentuk, jumlah bintil akar efektif, dan bobot biji kering per plot. Pemupukan ureadengan takaran tinggi dapat menghambat pembentukan bintil akar.


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