An Exploratory Study on the Relationship between Household Indebtedness and the Welfare State

Ever since Marshall (1965), the relationship between welfare and citizenship has been a key topic in political and academic discourses, and this interrelationship is still far from being unambiguous. This paper reviews mainstream approaches to the welfare–citizenship nexus and argues that shifting our focus to an alternative perspective – viewing welfare as an agent of citizenship socialisation – provides a more comprehensive understanding of both democratic citizenship as a concept and its interrelationship with the welfare state. This view broadens our understanding of the functions of welfare, being a key agent of democracy among others; therefore it has crucial policy implications.

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Le vie cristiane della sicurezza sociale. I cattolici italiani e il welfare state

SOCIOLOGIA E POLITICHE SOCIALI ◽

10.3280/sp2012-003007 ◽

2013 ◽

pp. 91-120

Author(s):

Edoardo Bressan

Keyword(s):

Social Security ◽

Welfare State ◽

State Model ◽

Left Wing ◽

Social State ◽

Social Actors ◽

The Social ◽

Christian Socialism ◽

The Relationship ◽

The Welfare State

In Italy, from the 1930s until the end of the century, the relationship between the Catholic world and the development of the Social state becomes a very relevant theme. Social thought and Catholic historiography issues witness a European civilisation crisis, by highlighting problems of poverty and historical forms of assistance. Furthermore, by following the 1931 Pope Pius XI encyclical Quadragesimo anno these issues interacted with fascist corporativism. After 1945, other key experiences arose, as the discussion on social security as the conclusion of the whole public assistance debate shown. These themes are reported in the Bologna social week works in 1949 and in Fanfani's and La Pira's positions, which present several correspondences with British and French worlds, such as Christian socialism, Reinhold Niebuhr's thought and Maritain's remarks. The 1948 Republican Constitution adopts the Welfare State model assumptions, and it is in those very years that the problem of a system based on a universal outlook arose. Afterwards, governments of coalition led by centre and left-wing parties fostered social security through welfare and health reforms until the '80s. While this model falls into crisis, and new social actors begin to be involved in a context of subsidiarity.

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‘The Organized Selfishness of Empire’

Welfare and Social Policy in Britain Since 1870 ◽

10.1093/oso/9780198833048.003.0001 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 13-28

Author(s):

Sandra den Otter

Keyword(s):

Welfare State ◽

Social Welfare ◽

Moral Philosophy ◽

Political System ◽

The Self ◽

Civilizing Mission ◽

Victorian Britain ◽

The Relationship ◽

The Welfare State

This essay examines T. H. Green’s evolving ideas on empire. Professor of moral philosophy in Oxford until his death in 1882, Green was the most prominent and respected philosophical idealist in Victorian Britain. The influence of his personal example and of his ideas has been traced by Jose Harris and other historians of the welfare state down to the 1940s. Initially enthusiastic for the civilizing mission of empire, Green came to see that any political system or relationship imposed by force, or dependent on coercion or control, was intrinsically incompatible with the ideals of citizenship, voluntarism, and solidarity that define the good community and make possible the self-realization of individuals within it. The essay opens up a new field for discussion and research: the relationship between idealist welfare thinking and imperialism. It argues that empire had a major impact on idealist notions of social welfare.

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Immigration policy and the modern welfare state, 1880–1920

Journal of European Social Policy ◽

10.1177/0958928719831169 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 29 (4) ◽

pp. 463-477 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Sara Kalm ◽

Johannes Lindvall

Keyword(s):

Social Policy ◽

Welfare State ◽

Immigration Policy ◽

Western Europe ◽

Immigration Policies ◽

German Empire ◽

Modern Welfare State ◽

Almost All ◽

The Relationship ◽

The Welfare State

This article puts contemporary debates about the relationship between immigration policy and the welfare state in historical perspective. Relying on new historical data, the article examines the relationship between immigration policy and social policy in Western Europe in the late 19th and early 20th centuries, when the modern welfare state emerged. Germany already had comparably strict immigration policies when the German Empire introduced the world’s first national social insurances in the 1880s. Denmark, another early social-policy adopter, also pursued restrictive immigration policies early on. Almost all other countries in Western Europe started out with more liberal immigration policies than Germany’s and Denmark’s, but then adopted more restrictive immigration policies and more generous social policies concurrently. There are two exceptions, Belgium and Italy, which are discussed in the article.

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War and the State

10.1093/oxfordhb/9780198714897.013.10 ◽

2018 ◽

Author(s):

Simon Ball

Keyword(s):

Welfare State ◽

Turning Points ◽

The State ◽

The Other ◽

British State ◽

Relationship Of ◽

The Relationship ◽

The Welfare State

This chapter characterizes the relationship of the British state to war over the long term. It analyses two epistemic turning points for the war–state relationship, one occurring in the 1860s, the other in the 1970s. It explains the importance of war to the British state under the ‘fiscal security’ compromise.The chapter traces the long and uneven emergence of the ‘welfare state’ as a successor to the ‘warfare state’. It argues that the ‘warfare state’ paradigm loses much of its empirical and conceptual force if it were to be extended beyond 1970. The relationship of the state to war changed so fundamentally at that point that history, the chapter suggests, ceased to be a useful guide for future conduct.

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The Persistence of Poverty under Welfare States and the Prospects for its Abolition

International Journal of Health Services ◽

10.2190/ywtd-m38j-lya7-n46x ◽

1992 ◽

Vol 22 (1) ◽

pp. 1-17 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Alan Walker

Keyword(s):

Economic Policy ◽

Social Policy ◽

Welfare State ◽

Welfare States ◽

New Right ◽

Alternative Approach ◽

The Impact ◽

The Relationship ◽

Main Factor ◽

The Welfare State

This article examines the relationship between poverty and the welfare state and attempts to answer the question as to why poverty has persisted under all welfare states. Several major reasons for the persistence of poverty are advanced, and the author argues that the main factor underlying the failure to abolish poverty is the conflict between economic policy and social policy. The challenge to welfare states from the New Right is examined—particularly the contention that welfare states themselves create poverty and dependence—in the light of evidence of the impact of the Thatcher government's policies in Britain. Finally, the author proposes an alternative approach to the abolition of poverty, one that is based on the integration of economic and social policy.

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One British Thing: A Bottle of Welfare Orange Juice, c. 1961–1971

Journal of British Studies ◽

10.1017/jbr.2018.84 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 57 (3) ◽

pp. 564-567 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Nadja Durbach

Keyword(s):

Welfare State ◽

Orange Juice ◽

British West Indies ◽

Welfare Benefits ◽

History Of ◽

History Of Empire ◽

The One ◽

Short Essay ◽

The Relationship ◽

The Welfare State

AbstractThis essay inaugurates a new series in the Journal of British Studies titled “One British Thing.” This short essay uses a bottle of welfare orange juice distributed sometime between 1961 and 1971 to tell a larger story about the relationship between Britain's Welfare State and the colonization and decolonization of the British West Indies. The history of the Welfare State has largely been told as a metropolitan story severed from a wider global history of empire. The empty bottle of concentrated orange juice, however, tells a different story. It exposes Britain's own dependency on its colonial subjects to provide the means of furnishing welfare benefits to its metropolitan citizens. The history of welfare orange juice thus opens up a richer understanding of the politics and economics of the Welfare State and its relationship to colonial development projects on the one hand and the slow processes of decolonization on the other.

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Challenges in the Guardianship of Unaccompanied Minors Seeking Asylum

The International Journal of Children s Rights ◽

10.1163/15718182-02603008 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 26 (3) ◽

pp. 489-509

Author(s):

Daniel Hedlund ◽

Lisa Salmonsson

Keyword(s):

Child Care ◽

Welfare State ◽

Research Literature ◽

Future Research ◽

Unaccompanied Minors ◽

Best Interest ◽

Policy Documents ◽

Comprehensive Search ◽

The Relationship ◽

The Welfare State

In this paper we explore the research literature relating to the guardianship of unaccompanied minors seeking asylum. In particular, we seek to find out what type of dilemmas have been identified by research concerning the guardianship of unaccompanied minors, and the focus that the literature has therefore taken. A comprehensive search of identified databases was conducted. Ultimately, 38 publications were selected for analysis. The review was qualitative and inductive. The results of the review suggest that research has identified and focused on challenges in the form of diverging policy such as gaps and inconsistencies in guardianship institutions, as well as challenges in balancing different objectives concerning the guardianship role, such as conflicting interest in the guardianship assignment or between different actors involved in protecting the child’s interest.The conclusion is that different configurations of guardianship institutions, as well as the identified challenges for practice, appear to be related to the welfare state model. Therefore, future research concerning guardianship for unaccompanied minors needs to move beyond legal sources and policy documents by focusing on empirically informed research on the relationship between child care/protection, principles of assessing the best interest of the child and the welfare state systems.

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Voluntary Agencies in the Welfare State: An Analysis of the Vanguard Role

Journal of Social Policy ◽

10.1017/s0047279400009284 ◽

1979 ◽

Vol 8 (4) ◽

pp. 473-488 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Ralph M. Kramer

Keyword(s):

Welfare State ◽

Exploratory Study ◽

Unique Function ◽

Small Scale ◽

Multiple Outcomes ◽

New Model ◽

Program Change ◽

The Welfare State ◽

Voluntary Agencies

ABSTRACTWhile pioneering has long been assumed to be the unique function of voluntary agencies, the flow of private invention to public adoption has rarely been studied empirically. Drawing on an exploratory study of twenty national agencies serving the physically and mentally handicapped, this article re-evaluates the vanguard role of the voluntary agency. Much of what has been regarded as ‘innovative’ consisted of small-scale, non-controversial, incremental improvements or extensions of programs with few original features to under-served clienteles. A series of external and internal organizational constraints to the statutory adoption of new programs is identified, which suggests that the conventional notion of voluntary pioneering is no longer appropriate. A new model of program change is proposed based on multiple outcomes and a redefinition of the concept of innovation. Some hypotheses are offered regarding conditions conducive to the initiation of new programs.

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Left Government, Policy, and Corporatism: Explaining the Influence of Partisanship on Inequality

World Politics ◽

10.1017/s0043887100009035 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 60 (3) ◽

pp. 349-389 ◽

Cited By ~ 33

Author(s):

David Rueda

Keyword(s):

Welfare State ◽

Earnings Inequality ◽

Minimum Wages ◽

Wage Distribution ◽

Significant Determinant ◽

Mediating Role ◽

Government Employment ◽

The Relationship ◽

The Welfare State

The author argues that to understand the relationship between partisan government and equality two fundamental things need to be done: separate the effects of partisanship on policy and of policy on the economy; and assess the influence of government partisanship once the mediating role of corporatism is accounted for. The main goal of this article is to explore the relationship between government partisanship, policy, and inequality at the lower half of the wage distribution. The analysis is motivated by a puzzling finding in previous work: the absence of government partisanship effects on earnings inequality. The author focuses on the role of three different policies: government employment, the generosity of the welfare state, and minimum wages. The results show that government employment is a most significant determinant of inequality (although it is affected by left government only when corporatism is low). They also demonstrate that welfare state generosity does not affect inequality and, in turn, is not associated with left government. Finally, they reveal that the effect of government partisanship on minimum wages and of minimum wages on inequality is completely conditional on the levels of corporatism (these effects are only present when corporatism is low). The author explains why specific policies do or do not affect earnings inequality and also why corporatism mitigates or magnifies the influence of government partisanship. By explicitly exploring the determinants of policy and earnings inequality, the article represents an important contribution to our understanding of how governments can promote redistribution.

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