Le vie cristiane della sicurezza sociale. I cattolici italiani e il welfare state

2013 ◽  
pp. 91-120
Author(s):  
Edoardo Bressan
Keyword(s):  
Social Security ◽  
Welfare State ◽  
State Model ◽  
Left Wing ◽  
Social State ◽  
Social Actors ◽  
The Social ◽  
Christian Socialism ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The Welfare State

In Italy, from the 1930s until the end of the century, the relationship between the Catholic world and the development of the Social state becomes a very relevant theme. Social thought and Catholic historiography issues witness a European civilisation crisis, by highlighting problems of poverty and historical forms of assistance. Furthermore, by following the 1931 Pope Pius XI encyclical Quadragesimo anno these issues interacted with fascist corporativism. After 1945, other key experiences arose, as the discussion on social security as the conclusion of the whole public assistance debate shown. These themes are reported in the Bologna social week works in 1949 and in Fanfani's and La Pira's positions, which present several correspondences with British and French worlds, such as Christian socialism, Reinhold Niebuhr's thought and Maritain's remarks. The 1948 Republican Constitution adopts the Welfare State model assumptions, and it is in those very years that the problem of a system based on a universal outlook arose. Afterwards, governments of coalition led by centre and left-wing parties fostered social security through welfare and health reforms until the '80s. While this model falls into crisis, and new social actors begin to be involved in a context of subsidiarity.

scholarly journals Welfare State Policy Model as A Poverty Reduction Strategy in the West Sumatra Districts and Cities

2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 227
Author(s):  
Azwar Azwar Azwar ◽  
Emeraldy Chatra ◽  
Zuldesni Zuldesni
Keyword(s):  
Social Policy ◽  
Welfare State ◽  
State Model ◽  
The West ◽  
Policy Model ◽  
The Poor ◽  
The Social ◽  
West Sumatra ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Welfare State

Poverty is one of the social problems that the government can never completely solve. As a result, other, more significant social issues arise and cause social vulnerability, such as conflict and crime. As a province that is experiencing rapid growth in the last ten years, the West Sumatra find difficulty to overcome the number of poor people in several districts and cities.  The research outcomes are the models and forms of social policy made by West Sumatra regencies and cities governments in improving the welfare of poor communities. It is also covering the constraints or obstacles to the implementation of social policy and the selection of welfare state models for the poor in some districts and municipalities of West Sumatra. This research is conducted qualitatively with a sociological approach that uses social perspective on searching and explaining social facts that happened to needy groups. Based on research conducted that the social policy model adopted by the government in responding to social problems in the districts and cities of West Sumatra reflects the welfare state model given to the poor. There is a strong relationship between the welfare state model and the form of social policy made by the government.

Norwegian Public Health Policy: Revitalization of the Social Democratic Welfare State?

2009 ◽  
Vol 39 (2) ◽  
pp. 287-300 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elisabeth Fosse
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Welfare State ◽  
State Model ◽  
Health Policies ◽  
Political Agenda ◽  
Left Wing ◽  
Public Health Policies ◽  
Social Democratic ◽  
The Social ◽  
Structural Measures

Norway is part of the so-called social democratic welfare state model, which is characterized by its emphasis on solidarity and redistribution among social groups. The concepts of upstream and downstream policy measures may be useful to characterize different approaches to public health policies: upstream measures would be structural measures, in line with the social democratic welfare state model, while downstream measures would be more targeted at individuals or groups at some sort of risk. The aim of this article is to analyze national policies in Norway and how these may be characterized in terms of upstream and downstream factors. Health promotion and public health policies have been high on the Norwegian political agenda for two decades. However, the national policy emphasis has shifted between strategies aimed at individuals and structural strategies—that is, between downstream and upstream measures. Until 2003, policies included mainly downstream measures, but since then a policy shift has taken place and current policy includes an emphasis on upstream measures. This policy was strengthened after a left-wing coalition came into government in 2005. It may be argued that the present policy represents a revitalization of universal and structural measures, in line with the social democratic welfare state model.

scholarly journals Formation of the regulatory functions of the social state

2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 206-222
Author(s):  
V. P. Vasiliev
Keyword(s):  
Welfare State ◽  
Market Economy ◽  
The State ◽  
Social Market Economy ◽  
Economic Dynamics ◽  
Social State ◽  
The Social ◽  
Dominant Feature ◽  
Social Market ◽  
The Welfare State

The article analyzes the stages of formation of the principles of the welfare state, the development of its models. The basic model of a market economy does not deny the essential role of the state in socio-economic processes. It is shown that each of the stages is complementary to the fundamental characteristics of the phenomenon of the welfare state, based on new social practices. Historical evolution is represented by the enrichment functions of the state and business along the trajectory of the welfare state — social market economy — the welfare state. A central element of the social state is the social insurance institution, emerged in the socio-labor relations as a form of interaction of employees and employers with trade unions and the state. The dominant feature of the social market economy is to ensure free entrance of citizens in market activity and related functions of the state to ensure availability to markets of labor and capital, ensuring competition and private property rights. Welfare society based on a powerful upsurge of economic dynamics and productivity marks the transition to a new quality of life and overcoming social exclusion. Illustrates the emerging tendency to increase the share of the state in ensuring social economic dynamics. Identified positive and negative aspects of this process. For the practice of public administration in Russia proposed restructuring of the budget expenditures and insurance payments.

scholarly journals Caring Economics and the Nordic Model

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 2
Author(s):  
Silvia Hedenigg
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Pilot Study ◽  
Welfare State ◽  
Theoretical Concept ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Nordic Countries ◽  
Social State ◽  
The Social ◽  
Theoretical Assumptions ◽  
The Welfare State

Faced with the current spectrum of global crises, Riane Eisler's suggestions for socio-economic and ecological solutions are embedded in the theoretical concept of caring economics (Eisler, 2017). The concept of caring economics was developed alongside feminist positions, mainly from a United States angle, based on the welfare state systems of the Nordic countries. The study presented in this article focused on the underlying understanding of caring economics from a Nordic perspective. Based on an explanation of the Nordic Model, this article outlines the theoretical presentation of caring economics, which was scrutinized in the framework of a qualitative pilot study. Data was collected from interviews with 20 scientists from Norway, Sweden, and Finland. Three central statements of the interviews are presented and discussed with respect to Eisler's theoretical assumptions. Although Eisler's theses have been largely confirmed, the emphasis of the interviewees on the importance of cooperation is in slight contrast to the "caring" elements of empathy and compassion. The study indicates that further research should focus on investigating the importance of cooperation, especially in the context of trust, as a specifically Nordic element of the social state idea.

scholarly journals Children with orphan diseases: a comparative analysis of social welfare support measures

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. 20-29
Author(s):  
Ekaterina Zaitseva ◽  
◽  
Lyudmila Voronina ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Welfare State ◽  
The State ◽  
Orphan Diseases ◽  
State Support ◽  
Social State ◽  
Support Measures ◽  
The Social ◽  
Study Results ◽  
The Welfare State

Introduction. The inadequacy of the support measures provided to children with orphan diseases is exacerbated by the trend towards an increase in the number of children with such a diagnosis. Orphan diseases also include diseases caused by primary immunodeficiency or congenital errors of immunity, which are life-threatening. However, these people are part of society and require attention from it, and social and economic measures from the state. Most of them, with proper treatment, socialization and appropriate government support, can lead a normal life and live a full life. Scientific novelty of the research. On the basis of the study results, the authors contribute to clarifying the principles used in the implementation of the security function of the social state. The targeting of social support measures must be supplemented with the principles of social justice and freedom to choose ways to meet the needs of specific categories of citizens, understood as follows. The welfare state supports those citizens who need it most of all, namely, the poor. Specific categories of citizens can satisfy their needs, while having the opportunity to choose. This opportunity arises thanks to the receipt of targeted assistance in the form of monthly or annual subsidies. Families with children with orphan diseases should also be included in these categories. If they have the right to receive annual government subsidies, they will be able to spend these funds depending on the current needs due to the state of health of their children with orphan diseases (for the purchase of socially important food products; medicines, medical nutrition, and various services). The aim of the work is to study the problems of providing support measures to children with orphan diseases in the context of the current model of the welfare state. The article analyzes the satisfaction of patients with congenital immunity errors with various types of state support, identifies problems that reduce their satisfaction. Methods. The authors use methods such as comparative analysis, study of regulatory legal acts, sociological analysis. Results. On the basis of the study results the effectiveness of measures of state support for children with orphan diseases, studying the best experience of foreign countries, proposals were made to clarify the principles used to implement the security function by the social state, to expand the composition of the subjects involved in providing support measures analyzed in the article. Conclusions. The results obtained make it possible to assert that the targeted approach, which is basic in the model of the welfare state, does not cover most of the problems of children with innate immunity errors and, accordingly, the families that represent their interests.

Austerity and the Big Society

2021 ◽  
pp. 105-130
Author(s):  
Ian Cummins
Keyword(s):  
Financial Crisis ◽  
Welfare State ◽  
Coalition Government ◽  
Penal Policy ◽  
Social State ◽  
Big Society ◽  
The Poor ◽  
The Social ◽  
Social Liberalism ◽  
The Relationship

This chapter will examine welfare and penal policy under the Coalition Government. The politics of austerity will be explored arguing that the Coalition used the cover of the financial crisis to undertake a fundamental retrenchment of the welfare state. This chapter will argue that Cameron’s notion of the Big Society should not be dismissed as a political gimmick or rhetoric. It reflects an aspiration for a recasting of the relationship between citizens and the social state. This recasting is presented as a fiscal necessity but is actually driven by a politics that is underpinned by the othering of the poor. Cameron and the Coalition’s claims to social liberalism followed a series of policies that shredded the social state.

The Social Functions of the State

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 0-0
Author(s):  
Юлия Беляева ◽  
Yuliya Belyaeva
Keyword(s):  
Welfare State ◽  
The State ◽  
Social Needs ◽  
Social Functions ◽  
Social State ◽  
Legal Science ◽  
The People ◽  
Science Section ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Welfare State

Article examines the theoretical aspects of the concept of “State function’s”, rises question of the classification of state function’s and functions of the welfare state in order to reflect the accumulated knowledge of legal science section of the specified definition and identify the functions not previously considered in the theory of the state. The destabilization of the economic situation in the community and respect for the principle of the social state actualized this problem in the Russian legal science. Designated role of the function of indexing and its implementation in the social state. The author applies structural-functional and analytical method of scientific knowledge. An analysis of the state function’s and their classification, the author has been formulated the concept of “functions of the social state”. The author found that the earlier jurisprudence does not consider the function of indexing in the state function’s. Consider the function of indexing, its objective characteristics that distinguish it from other state functions. In the sphere of public life function of indexing refers to social and economic functions of the state, as aimed at meeting to the social needs of the people. The opinion of the author that the function of indexing fully reflects the nature of the welfare state.

Legal Criteria of the Welfare State: New Approaches

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (10) ◽  
pp. 0-0
Author(s):  
Наталья Путило ◽  
Natalya Putilo
Keyword(s):  
Welfare State ◽  
Social Indicators ◽  
The State ◽  
Social Orientation ◽  
Social Rights ◽  
Public Authorities ◽  
Social State ◽  
The Social ◽  
State Taxation ◽  
The Welfare State

The welfare state and its constant development accompanied by the appearance of new characteristics or changing old require to update scientific approaches to this phenomenon. The author researches existing approaches to the allocation of signs of the Welfare state. The article proposes a new system of formal legal criteria of the welfare state, which allows to determine the social orientation of the state excluding quantitative economic and social indicators. The author includes following criteria: 1) implementation of the principle of the social state; 2) reflected in the constitution of the list of social rights; 3) characteristics of the constitutional status of social rights; 4) enabling of the application of international law in the national legal system; 5) legislative consolidation of state duties in the social sphere and the mechanism of their implementation; 6) constitutional recognition of legal guarantees for the implementation of social rights (standards, specifying the general requirements for the economic structure of the state, taxation, redistribution processes); 7) legislative concretization of the mechanism of realization of social rights; 8) constitutional recognition of the special institutions, typical of the welfare state; 9) the presence of specific public authorities and other structural elements; 10) consolidation of the rule of law; 11) the status of social legislation. The proposed system of criteria based on international indicators of quality of life, takes into account the historical experience of the formation of the social state.

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