Pertussis cocoon strategy: would it be useful for Latin America and other developing countries?

2012 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 1393-1396 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rolando Ulloa-Gutierrez ◽  
Angela Gentile ◽  
Maria L Avila-Aguero
Author(s):  
Joerg Baten ◽  
Christina Mumme

AbstractThis paper explores the inequality of numeracy and education by studying school years and numeracy of the rich and poor, as well as of tall and short individuals. To estimate numeracy, the age-heaping method is used for the 18th to early 20th centuries. Testing the hypothesis that globalization might have increased the inequality of education, we find evidence that 19th century globalization actually increased inequality in Latin America, but 20th century globalization had positive effects by reducing educational inequality in a broader sample of developing countries. Moreover, we find strong evidence for Kuznets’s inverted U hypothesis, that is, rising educational inequality with GDP per capita in the period until 1913 and the opposite after 1945.


1975 ◽  
Vol 69 (4) ◽  
pp. 819-827 ◽  
Author(s):  
Igor P. Blishchenko

In pursuing a consistent policy of peaceful coexistence of states with different social systems, proletarian internationalism, and strengthening relations with socialist and developing countries of Asia, Africa, and Latin America, the Soviet State concludes over 400 treaties and agreements a year.


2017 ◽  
Vol 33 (8) ◽  
pp. 36-38

Purpose This paper aims to review the latest management developments across the globe and pinpoint practical implications from cutting-edge research and case studies. Design/methodology/approach This briefing is prepared by an independent writer who adds their own impartial comments and places the articles in context. Findings It is said that Latin America is one of the hardest places in which to do business, and within Latin America as well as considering the differing challenges that Argentina or Columbia may present, Brazil is perhaps the most difficult place to go to in order to develop trade and commercial agreements. In addition to the different language as compared to the rest of the region, there is a very specific culture and life view that will be wholly alien to many business people, whether they are from developed or developing countries around the world. Practical implications The paper provides strategic insights and practical thinking that have influenced some of the world’s leading organizations. Originality/value The briefing saves busy executives and researchers hours of reading time by selecting only the very best, most pertinent information and presenting it in a condensed and easy-to-digest format.


1983 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 377-415 ◽  
Author(s):  
Margarete K. Luddemann

The pivotal role energy plays in national economics not only converts the access to sources of supply into a vivid issue of foreign policy concern, but also causes an understandable preoccupation with investment capabilities and self-sufficiency. A report prepared by the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) in 1974 predicted a bright future for nuclear energy in the i developing countries and encouraged use of this form of energy after numerous field studies.A nation that commits itself to nuclear energy by purchasing nuclear power-generating technology but not fuel cycle facilities incurs the risk of becoming dependent upon the supplier country because a quick switch to alternative sources of supply is difficult in cases of curtailment of fuel.


Author(s):  
Isaác Gonzalo Arias Esteban ◽  
Anarella Calderoni

AbstractIn developing countries, where competing priorities often overwhelm capacity, the sweeping BEPS initiative can serve to motivate and justify the devotion of limited resources to the international tax field. It is hard to say whether all of the BEPS Actions are “suitable” for developing countries as their size, level of maturity, and many other factors that influence taxation vary drastically. An evaluation of domestic circumstances will help to determine the tax regime’s compatibility with the BEPS recommendations. This initiative represents a minimum level of commitment that is necessary to ascertain sustainable BEPS implementation. Certain attributes will influence the feasibility of this implementation such as the adaptability of the juridical system to enforce new regulations, the technological infrastructure, the capacity to process and protect mass information, efficient risk assessment procedures and analysis tools, and continual training and development workshops, among others. The BEPS project is still quite young; however, thanks to contributions from CIAT member countries, the BEPS Monitoring database was created. This can provide us with a general overview of how extensively each BEPS Action has been implemented in these countries so far.


2021 ◽  
pp. 51-52
Author(s):  
В.С. Семенович

С 1988 года начался новый период экономических и политических отношений России с развивающимися странами Азии, Африки и Латинской Америки. Особо тесные торговые и финансовые отношения России сложились и поддерживаются с Венесуэлой, Бразилией, Индией, Эфиопией, Ливией, Ганой, Алжиром, Нигерией, Сирией, Ираком и другими развивающимися странами. Но с 2019 года это взаимодействие усложнилось в связи с мировым кризисом вследствие пандемии Covid-19. Все страны мира были вынуждены вносить коррективы в свои внешнеэкономические связи. Since 1988, a new period of economic and political relations between Russia and the developing countries of Asia, Africa and Latin America began. Particularly close trade and financial relations of Russia have developed and are maintained with Venezuela, Brazil, India, Ethiopia, Libya, Ghana, Algeria, Nigeria, Syria, Iraq and other developing countries. But since 2019, this interaction has become more complex due to the global crisis due to the Covid-19 pandemic. All countries of the world were forced to make adjustments to their foreign economic relations


2020 ◽  
pp. 291-312
Author(s):  
Joshua Eisenman ◽  
Eric Heginbotham

Over the last two decades, developing countries have become central to China’s increasingly ambitious foreign policy makers. This chapter begins by explaining China’s conceptualization of the developing world and its position in Beijing’s geostrategy. After describing the three characteristics of China’s approach—asymmetry, comprehensiveness, and its interlocking structure—the chapter then explains the various economic, political, and security policy tools that comprise it. China works to bring the separate strands of its foreign policy together in a comprehensive whole and to build synergies between component parts. Ultimately, the chapter concludes that Beijing’s primary objectives—regime survival and advancing China’s position in an increasingly multipolar world—are probably insufficient to engender widespread political support among developing countries for a China-led world order.


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