An Energy Efficiency 4-bit Multiplier with Two-Phase Non-overlap Clock Driven Charge Recovery Logic

2011 ◽  
Vol E94-C (4) ◽  
pp. 605-612 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yimeng ZHANG ◽  
Leona OKAMURA ◽  
Tsutomu YOSHIHARA
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
Charge Recovery

A novel structure of energy efficiency charge recovery logic

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yimeng Zhang ◽  
Leona Okamura ◽  
Mengshu Huang ◽  
Tsutomu Yoshihara
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Novel Structure ◽  
Charge Recovery

Energy Efficiency of Two-Phase Mixing in a Modified Bubble Column

2008 ◽  
Vol 85 (3) ◽  
pp. 280-289 ◽  
Author(s):  
Subrata Kumar Majumder ◽  
Gautam Kundu ◽  
Dibyendu Mukherjee
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Bubble Column ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
Phase Mixing

scholarly journals THz Transmission meets Untrusted UAV-Relaying; Trajectory and Communication Co-design for Secrecy Energy Efficiency Maximization

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Milad Tatar Mamaghani ◽  
Yi Hong
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Optimization Problem ◽  
Mixed Integer ◽  
Security Level ◽  
Secrecy Rate ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
Cooperative Jamming ◽  
Transmission Strategy ◽  
Average System ◽  
Phase Transmission

Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) and Terahertz (THz) technology are envisioned to play paramount roles in next-generation wireless communications. Hence, this paper presents a novel secure UAV-assisted mobile relaying system operating at THz bands for data acquisition from multiple ground user equipments towards a destination. We assume that the UAV-mounted relay may act, besides providing relaying services, as a potential adversary called the untrusted UAV relay. To safeguard end-to-end communications, we present a secure two-phase transmission strategy with cooperative jamming. Then, we formulate an optimization problem in terms of a new measure – secrecy energy efficiency (SEE), defined as the ratio of achievable average secrecy rate to average system power consumption, which enables us to obtain the best possible security level while taking UAV's inherent flight power limitation into account. This optimization problem leads to a joint design of key system parameters, including UAV's trajectory and velocity, communication scheduling, and power allocations. Since the formulated problem is a mixed-integer nonconvex optimization and computationally intractable, we propose alternative algorithms to solve it efficiently via greedy/sequential block coordinated descent, successive convex approximation, and non-linear fractional programming techniques. Numerical results demonstrate significant SEE performance improvement of our designs when compared to other known benchmarks.

scholarly journals Assessment of energy efficiency and performance in a two-phase anaerobic process for organic matter removal

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea D. P. Hurtado ◽  
Diana M. Hernández ◽  
Karol L. Fuentes ◽  
Tatiana R. Chaparro
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Synthetic Wastewater ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
Heating Value ◽  
The Real ◽  
Practical Applications ◽  
And Performance ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Lower Heating ◽  
The Ideal

Abstract The energy efficiency (EE) depends mainly on the lower heating values (LHVs) of hydrogen and methane selected from the thermodynamics tables at ideal conditions. However, for practical applications, the heating value should be calculated by considering some environmental factors under real conditions. Accordingly, this study compares the EE using the ideal LHV with the EE using the real LHV in a two-phase AD reactor treating synthetic wastewater. Additionally, the process performance and the stability were studied. The results show that the EE value calculated using LHVideal was, on average, 35% higher than that evaluated using LHVreal; these differences are relevant to the estimation of the real energy and also for the practical applications. At the same time, the index buffer IA/PA (intermediate alkalinity/partial alkalinity) showed to be more accurate than the value of the pH to analyze the stability of the process. With regard to COD, the removal efficiency in the methanogenic phase decreases drastically by utilizing 100% of the acidogenic phase. Future considerations in the optimization of each phase are highlighted.

scholarly journals Green Cloud Computing: Energy Efficiency and Management

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 110-115
Author(s):  
Sumit Kumar ◽  
Himani Sharma ◽  
Gurpreet Singh
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Cloud Computing ◽  
Co2 Emissions ◽  
Service Providers ◽  
Cloud Service ◽  
Emission Rates ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
Large Power ◽  
Computing Services ◽  
The Impact

As cloud computing services become popular, it is important for cloud service providers (CSPs) to ensure their duty to society by reducing the impact on the environment due to their operations. CSPs use higher amounts of energy because of the large power demand to run datacenters (DCs). The transient development of cloud computing models has led to the establishment of multiple DCs worldwide. Energy efficiency of ICT and CO2 emissions is a major issue in cloud computing. Scientists are constantly working on this issue to find a solution. Among other options, there is well-known virtualization that is accepted by IT organizations to reduce CO2 emissions and power usage. The basic goal of this paper is to present important methods of VM placement used for measurement of PUE in distributed DCs and with varying carbon emission rates. Finally, we present an analysis of several open stack techniques with ACO, DVFS, ECE, and Two-phase Carbon Aware techniques.

scholarly journals Multiphase Trajectory Generation for Planar Biped Robot Using Direct Collocation Method

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Yubin Liu ◽  
Shuai Heng ◽  
Xizhe Zang ◽  
Zhenkun Lin ◽  
Jie Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Collocation Method ◽  
Biped Robot ◽  
Contact Forces ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
Double Support ◽  
Direct Collocation ◽  
Direct Collocation Method ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Support Phase

Stability and energy efficiency are the main focuses in the bipedal robot field. In this paper, we apply a multiphase gait, which is different from the widely used two-phase gait, to improve the stability at the moment, when a biped robot transfers from the double support phase to the single support phase. Then, we create dynamic equations with contact forces in each phase using Lagrangian formulation. Furthermore, the direct collocation method is utilized to generate the optimal trajectory toward both stability and energy efficiency. Finally, the comparison between multiphase gait and two-phase gait is performed with numerical simulations. The results prove that multiphase gait increases the stability margin in the cost of slightly decreasing energy efficiency. Besides, both gaits show a similar human-like characteristic in hip height variation during walking.

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