An Analysis of Total Phosphorus Dispersion in Lake Used As a Municipal Water Supply

ABSTRACTIn Belém city is located the potable water supply system of its metropolitan area, which includes, in addition to this city, four more municipalities. In this water supply complex is the Água Preta lake, which serves as a reservoir for the water pumped from the Guamá river. Due to the great importance of this lake for this system, several works have been devoted to its study, from the monitoring of the quality of its waters to its hydrodynamic modeling. This paper presents the results obtained by computer simulation of the phosphorus dispersion within this reservoir by the numerical solution of two-dimensional equation of advection-diffusion-reaction by the method θ/SUPG. Comparing these results with data concentration of total phosphorus collected from November 2008 to October 2009 and from satellite photos show that the biggest polluters of the water of this lake are the domestic sewage dumps from the population living in its vicinity. The results obtained indicate the need for more information for more precise quantitative analysis. However, they show that the phosphorus brought by the Guamá river water is consumed in an area adjacent to the canal that carries this water into the lake. Phosphorus deposits in the lake bottom should be monitored to verify their behavior, thus preventing the quality of water maintained therein.

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The economic value of basin protection to improve the quality and reliability of potable water supply: the case of Loja, Ecuador

Water Policy ◽

10.2166/wp.2011.007 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 14 (1) ◽

pp. 1-13 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Samuel D. Zapata ◽

Holger M. Benavides ◽

Carlos E. Carpio ◽

David B. Willis

Keyword(s):

Water Supply ◽

Potable Water ◽

Economic Value ◽

Human Consumption ◽

Water Users ◽

Quality Of Water ◽

Potable Water Supply ◽

Quality And Reliability ◽

The Individual

The objective of this study was to estimate the economic value that people living in Loja, Ecuador, place on the protection of two basins when the protection is designed to improve both the quality and reliability of the water supply for human consumption by urban residents. Empirical results indicate that households have an average willingness to pay (WTP) of $5.80 per month to preserve the basins. The main variables affecting WTP are current monthly water cost, perception about the fairness of the existing water price, the number of hours that service is available, and the gender of the individual interviewed. The results of this study, and the later implementation by the Loja City Municipality of a basin protection project funded through a fee on water users, provide evidence that households at all income levels strongly support and are willing to pay for a project that has the potential to improve the quality of water services and protect the environment.

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The Quality of Water Used for Potable Water Supply Systems in Kazan

Georesursy ◽

10.18599/grs.58.3.2 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 58 (3) ◽

pp. 9-16 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

R.H. Musin ◽

◽

N.A. Kurlianov ◽

Z.G. Fayzrahmanova ◽

R.Z. Musina ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Water Supply ◽

Potable Water ◽

Water Supply Systems ◽

Quality Of Water ◽

Potable Water Supply ◽

Supply Systems

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A physical environmental management perspective on municipal water supply: proposals for Tlokwe City Council

The Journal for Transdisciplinary Research in Southern Africa ◽

10.4102/td.v4i1.171 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 4 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Eric Nealer ◽

Kishor Raga

Keyword(s):

Environmental Management ◽

Water Supply ◽

Potable Water ◽

City Council ◽

Residential Areas ◽

Municipal Water Supply ◽

Management Perspective ◽

Potable Water Supply ◽

Semi Arid Region ◽

Development And Management

All South Africans, especially, those involved with the development and management of its water resources should be aware that South Africa is generally an arid to semi-arid region, with an average rainfall of approximately 500 mm per annum, compared to a world average of 860mm. Consequently, potable water is a very scarce resource, and is often the biggest prohibiting factor for development of, for example, new residential areas in a town or city.Hence a public service rendering municipality like the Tlokwe (Potchefstroom) City Council will have to, in its quest to manage its potable water supply more effectively, efficiently and economically, take cognisance of aspects such as:· The origin of its potable water;· The nature and extent of the storage and treatment of the potable water;· The manner in which the potable water is distributed to the users and consumers;and· The manner in which the wastewater is collected, treated and managed.The authors of this article are of the opinion that the aforementioned can only be taken care of effectively by incorporating a physical environmental management perspective in its municipal governance.

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Protection of Water Based and Water Abstraction Sites in Hungary Based on Studies in Győr

Hadmérnök ◽

10.32567/hm.2019.1.16 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 14 (1) ◽

pp. 192-203

Author(s):

Krisztina Takács

Keyword(s):

Water Supply ◽

Potable Water ◽

Social Activity ◽

Point Of View ◽

Activity Maximum ◽

Water Abstraction ◽

Adequate Quality ◽

Potable Water Supply ◽

Maximum Protection

Water is indispensable for life and social activity, the most widely used on Earth. Today, an increasing problem is the production of sufficient quantity and quality of potable water for mankind. In order to ensure the supply of water, nowadays we must pay special attention, since it is intended to provide the consumer with adequate quality and quantity of water from a public health point of view. This also includes proper protection of water bases, which prevents any harmful substances or dirt from entering the water. Potable water supply is a special task, since in all circumstances it is necessary to ensure the smooth operation of the population. For this activity, maximum protection of the water bases and the water supply system is essential, which I will examine for Hungary, and I will also present a practical example."This article was prepared by the Ministry of Human Resources with the support of NewNational Excellence Program ÚNKP-18-3-INKE-105".

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Heavy Metal Levels and Physico – Chemical Quality of Potable Water Supply in Warri, Nigeria

Annali di Chimica ◽

10.1002/adic.200790071 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 97 (9) ◽

pp. 867-874 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

J.K.C. Nduka ◽

O.E. Orisakwe

Keyword(s):

Heavy Metal ◽

Water Supply ◽

Potable Water ◽

Chemical Quality ◽

Physico Chemical ◽

Metal Levels ◽

Potable Water Supply

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Planning Water Quality: Potable and Subpotable Water at Selinus and Priene

Water Management in Ancient Greek Cities ◽

10.1093/oso/9780195072808.003.0022 ◽

1993 ◽

Author(s):

Dora P. Crouch

Keyword(s):

Water Supply ◽

Potable Water ◽

Personal Communication ◽

Greek City ◽

Quality Of Water ◽

New Ideas ◽

Quality Water ◽

The City ◽

Alternative Delivery

Today when the rigors of an arid climate (Arabia) or other constraints on water resources press the limits of water supply, hydraulic engineers have to reconsider the nineteenth century answer of one quality of water for all uses. In places where population density far exceeds the supply of potable water—Hong Kong—or where the scanty spring water is not enough to support the massive tourist industry—Bermuda—(Deb, 1987, 222) there is no choice but to use subpotable or nonpotable water whenever feasible. Absolute scarcity of drinking-quality water is the strongest reason for water managers today to consider alternate procedures, but in some situations the quality not quantity of water is the issue. Heavy metals, long-lasting pesticides, or other carcinogens may require separation of the purest supply for drinking and cooking from the less pure supply for other uses, lest the water itself cause disease during a lifetime of use. Since potable water amounts to a small fraction of use in a modern city—6 percent or less (J. Thapa, personal communication)—alternative delivery systems for that small amount may be feasible, with the main systems delivering subpotable water for bathing, cleaning, watering lawns, and so on, and nonpotable water for industry or irrigation. It is easier to contemplate in theory these logical divisions than to make actual plans for altering the delivery system in metropolitan water districts. Political and economic realities restrict change in built-up areas unless the danger is severe, but in some new suburbs in Florida dual pipelines are laid for potable water inside the house and subpotable outside. Drinking bottled water is becoming more common. Many municipal water systems now supply partially purified (nonpotable) water to industry for cooling or other processes. Still, these new ideas have not been widely implemented to date. It is unexpected, then, to find that the ancient Greeks had just such a triple system of water supply and reuse. Each Greek city had both public fountains and springs supplying flowing water of the best quality, and private cisterns in houses and public buildings to supply still water of good quality, plus a drain system that led used water outside the city.

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