Integral estimation of activity of entrepreneurial universities: practical aspect

Investigated problem. Implementation of the concept of an entrepreneurial university necessitates the formation of a system of activity indicators of educational institutions. The main scientific results. It is specified that the activity of entrepreneurial universities and educational institutions that try to comply with this concept should be systematically rated. The author analyzes modern approaches to estimation of the activity of entrepreneurial universities. The own viewpoint to this evaluation on the basis of calculation of an integrated indicator is offered. The main stages of the algorithm for estimating the activity are described. An integrated activity indicator for five universities has been calculated. The ranking of educational institutions in accordance with the calculated desegregated measures and the concept of entrepreneurial university has been held. The results of the analysis showed that the studied educational institutions from the United States are more in line with the concept of the entrepreneurial university than European ones. The area of practical use of the research results. The practical results of the study can be used in the process of estimating the activity of entrepreneurial universities. Innovative technological product. The scientific approach to the evaluation of the activity of entrepreneurial universities proposed by the author allows to form their rating, to track the position of each educational institution in the dynamics. Scope of application of the innovative technological product: educational policy at the micro- and macroeconomic levels.

Quasi-Deterministic Processes with Monotonic Trajectories and Unsupervised Machine Learning

This paper aims to consider approximation-estimation tests for decision-making by machine-learning methods, and integral-estimation tests are defined, which is a generalization for the continuous case. Approximation-estimation tests are measurable sampling functions (statistics) that estimate the approximation error of monotonically increasing number sequences in different classes of functions. These tests make it possible to determine the Markov moments of a qualitative change in the increase in such sequences, from linear to nonlinear type. If these sequences are trajectories of discrete quasi-deterministic random processes, then moments of change in the nature of their growth and qualitative change in the process match up. For example, in cluster analysis, approximation-estimation tests are a formal generalization of the “elbow method” heuristic. In solid mechanics, they can be used to determine the proportionality limit for the stress strain curve (boundaries of application of Hooke’s law). In molecular biology methods, approximation-estimation tests make it possible to determine the beginning of the exponential phase and the transition to the plateau phase for the curves of fluorescence accumulation of the real-time polymerase chain reaction, etc.

MULTI-CHOICE ANALYSIS USE OF SPACE-TIME INFORMATION OF TRANSPORT SYSTEMS

The work purpose consists in the development of models and control algorithms of distributed transport systems. In the work there is carried out a formalization of control processes in transport systems. The analysis of connection intensities between transport components is analyzed. There is developed a circuit of the multi-choice analysis of space-time information for tie intensities on the efficient interaction of objects. It is shown, in what way a significance of objects of the transport system control center is taken into account. There is developed a circuit for a space-time information analysis according to object significance of the control center during the interaction with subordinate components. The investigation methods: multi-criterion optimization, expert approach, integral estimation, time series. The investigation results and novelty: there are analyzed different tie intensities between constituents in transport systems. A circuit of the multi-choice analysis of space-time information for tie intensities on object efficient interaction is shown, a also a circuit of the multi-choice analysis of space-time information on object significance of the control center during interaction with subordinate components. Conclusions: there are shown peculiarities of space-time information control in transport systems. Three versions of the analysis of control center objects are considered in order to have interaction support with the components of subordinate systems.

Challenges and Prospects for Russian Youth in the Modern Labor Market

The paper analyzes the current state of youth employment. Findings of 2019 representative sociological study of youth cohorts show that early entry into labor market is a social norm commonly followed by all groups of young people. The paper studies characteristics of jobs taken up by young people. About one third of graduates works in the field of their specialization (major), their share is relatively higher in the social sector and among them, there are more those who have high quality educational resources. The paper covers an integral estimation of job satisfaction, showing that one third of young people are satisfied with their job above average, while 24% of surveyed are not satisfied with their position on the labor market. It shows that young people find the prospects of career progress (48%) and income development (64%) rather realistic. The factors that contribute to the prospects on the labor market are living in major cities and availability of high-quality educational resources.

Integral estimation of the competitiveness level of the western Ukrainian gas distribution companies

Innovative policy and regional management leverages should create the foundations for the “impulse” to form the Ukrainian market of natural gas and its distribution. Efficient and desirable economic reforms in the activity of the gas distribution companies of the Western region of Ukraine will contribute to increasing their competitiveness level by implementing innovative activities. The paper aims to make an integral estimation of the competitive positions of the gas distribution companies that function on the Western Ukrainian market of natural gas distribution among consumers and develop practical recommendations directed at forming and implementing the innovative policy of improving their competitiveness. To achieve the aim, the authors have developed the methodology of calculating the competitiveness level for the gas distribution companies that function on a certain natural gas distribution market of any scale. Based on the results of the conducted research, the paper shows that the competitiveness condition of most gas distribution companies of the Western region of Ukraine is either of critical – І or satisfactory – ІІ levels. Meanwhile, it is worth mentioning that only AT “Chernivtsihaz” is characterized by the highest rate of competitiveness integral estimation among all the companies operating on the market of the natural gas distribution among consumers in the Western region of Ukraine. Therefore, it was identified as level ІІІ – “decent” level, which is the average competitive indicator.

Classification of the Severnaya Dvina River and the Vychegda River Channel Sections According to Complexity of Channel Processes and their Management Conditions

The complexity of the control conditions for channel processes is examined by the case of the Severnaya Dvina River and its main tributary the Vychegda River, which are both the most important waterways of the European North of Russia. The developed and approved earlier methodology was applied to rank rivers in by the channel stability, the load and composition of sediments (the factor was applied for the first time to the rivers under study), water capacity, geological and geomorphological conditions of the channel formation conditions (embedded riverbeds or channels with wide floodplain), evolution of different morpho/dynamic types of channel, abundance and mode of deformations of riffles. The latter factor controls both possibility and features of regulative works when designing activities in water economics, navigation and construction. The data on the sediment amounts dredged from riverbeds to ensure the waterway functioning are demonstrated to be the integral estimation of the control conditions for channel processes.

Characterizing the Foreshock, Main Shock, and Aftershock Sequences of the Recent Major Earthquakes in Southern Alaska, 2016–2018

For each of three major M ≥ 7.0 earthquakes (i.e., the January 24, 2016, M7.1 earthquake 86 km E of Old Iliamna; the January 23, 2018, M7.9 earthquake 280 km SE of Kodiak; and the November 30, 2018, M7.1 earthquake 14 km NNW of Anchorage, Alaska), the study considers characterization of the foreshock and aftershock sequences in terms of their variations and scaling properties, including the behavior of the control parameter η of the unified scaling law for earthquakes (USLE), along with a detailed analysis of the surface wave records for reconstruction of the source in the approximation of the second moments of the stress glut tensor to obtain integral estimation of its length, orientation, and development over time. The three major earthquakes at 600 km around Anchorage are, in fact, very different due to apparent complexity of earthquake flow dynamics in the orogenic corner of the Pacific and North America plate boundary. The USLE generalizes the classic Gutenberg-Richter relationship taking into account the self-similar scaling of the empirical distribution of earthquake epicenters. The study confirms the existence of the long-term periods of regional stability of the USLE control parameter that are interrupted by mid- or even short-term bursts of activity associated with major catastrophic events.