scholarly journals Knowledge and attitudes in dementia held by general practitioners in the primary care setting of Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil

2021 ◽  
Vol 79 (2) ◽  
pp. 107-113
Author(s):  
Vânia Ferreira de Sá Mayoral ◽  
Paulo José Fortes Villas Boas ◽  
Alessandro Ferrari Jacinto

ABSTRACT Background: Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the leading cause of dementia worldwide. Despite alarming evidence on dementia prevalence, the condition is still underdiagnosed by general practitioners (GPs) in primary care. Early detection of the disease is beneficial for patients and relatives, who should be provided comprehensive guidance on dealing with dementia complications, covering medical, family and social aspects, thereby providing an opportunity to plan for the future. Objective: The objective of this study was to assess the knowledge of and attitudes toward dementia held by GPs from a city in the interior of São Paulo State, Brazil. Methods: A non-randomized intervention study was conducted involving six lectures about dementia. Before and after the intervention, the participating physicians completed two quizzes about knowledge of and attitudes towards dementia. The study was carried out in the primary care services of the town and a total of 34 GPs participated in the study. Results: The mean age of the sample was 33.9 (±10.2) years and the majority (76.5%) of the sample had not undertaken medical residency training. The mean number of correct answers on the Knowledge Quiz about dementia before and after the training intervention was 59.6 and 71.2% (p<0.001), respectively. The comparison of the mean responses on the Attitude Quiz revealed no statistically significant difference between the two applications of the instrument, before and after intervention (p=0.059). Conclusions: More training for GPs on dementia should be provided.

Author(s):  
Maria Filomena Xavier Mendes ◽  
Isabella Sebusiani Duarte Takeuti ◽  
Luciana Valentini Melo ◽  
Leticia Marilia de Almeida Werneck Santos ◽  
Danielle da Silva Barbas ◽  
...  

Background: Brazilian Ministry of Health has reported 5.273.954 cases and 154.837 deaths from COVID-19 on October 20th, 2020. The first case of COVID-19 in Brazil occurred on February 26th, in São Paulo state. A total of 351.877 cases and 13.331 deaths were reported only in the city of São Paulo on October 20th. This scenario has severe health, economic, and social impact, as in other countries. Therefore, treatment strategies are urgently needed, such as Homeopathy that has shown excellent results in several epidemics. Aims: This study aims to describe the health signs and symptoms of some healthcare and essential professionals during the use of China officinalis. Methodology: Participants were professionals of the Server Public Municipal Hospital of São Paulo (HSPM), the Nossa Senhora Rainha da Paz Association (RP), and The Padre Bento Hospital (HPB). The homeopathic intervention was C. officinalis 6CH and a dosage of six drops per day. The study design was a time series with analysis by questionnaire before and after using homeopathic medicine. Statistical analyses were done by the McNemar test to compare qualitative data paired with a significance level of 5%. Ethical approval is CAAE 31802720.0.0000.5442. Results and discussion: Among the HSPM and RP participants, 83,1% did not develop symptoms while using C. officinalis and 16,9% developed symptoms while using C. officinalis. Among the HPB participants, 87,8 % did not develop symptoms while using C. officinalis and 12,2 % developed symptoms while using C. officinalis. . During the usage of C. officinalis, covid19-like symptoms were reduced with a significant difference (p<0.05). Among the symptomatic, none of the participants needed intensive care hospitalization, supplemental oxygen, or intubation. Conclusion: C. officinalis was very acceptability by participants, and its use during the coronavirus pandemic contributed to health promotion.


Author(s):  
Suelen Rocha Silva ◽  
Adriana Rahal Rebouças de Carvalho

Introdução: A qualidade de uma voz depende da fonte produtora e do filtro. Características da voz devem estar adequadas como, por exemplo, a ação da fonte com o filtro e a frequência, pois se estiverem alteradas e se essa voz for utilizada de forma inadequada, pode causar várias alterações vocais, que são chamadas de disfonias comportamentais. Essas disfonias ocorrem por conta do mau uso ou abuso vocal. Objetivo: Verificar se há maior prevalência de alterações de frênulo de língua em cantores com disfonia comportamental atendidos no Ambulatório de Artes Vocais da Santa Casa de São Paulo quando comparados a população. Método: participaram 18 cantores com idades entre 18 e 40 anos e 11 meses, de ambos os sexos que possuíam diagnóstico de disfonia comportamental e 23 indivíduos da população geral, da mesma faixa etária sem queixa de disfonia. A presença da disfonia comportamental foi verificada após análise do prontuário do Ambulatório de Artes Vocais da Santa Casa de São Paulo. Os dois grupos foram submetidos a avaliação clínica do frênulo de língua por meio de protocolo descrito por Marchesan (2010). Resultados: a média de idade dos cantores foi de 35,4 anos e da população geral de 26,57 anos. As medidas realizadas com paquímetro com a boca aberta e com a ponta da língua na papila palatina geram uma média que auxilia na avaliação do frênulo de língua. Em nosso estudo, 63,8% dos cantores e 71,1% da população geral apresentaram média superior a 50%, o que é considerado normal. As alterações apresentadas nos dois grupos foram: 5 cantores e 6 indivíduos da população geral apresentaram alteração nas provas de mobilidade de língua, 2 cantores e 9 indivíduos da população geral apresentaram alguma alteração em relação a praxia de língua e quanto a alteração de frênulo de língua, 5 cantores e 6 indivíduos da população geral apresentaram alguma alteração. Conclusão: Não houve diferença significativa entre os dois grupos nos aspectos avaliados. Desta maneira, não podemos concluir que há maior prevalência de alteração de frênulo de língua no grupo de cantores. Palavras chave: Frênulo da língua, Disfonia, Voz, PrevalênciaABSTRACT Introduction: The quality of a voice depends on the producing source and the filter. Voice characteristics must be appropriate, such as the action of the source with the filter and the frequency, because if they are altered and if this voice is used inappropriately, it can cause various vocal alterations, which are called behavioral dysphonias. These dysphonias occur because of vocal misuse or abuse. Objective: to verify if there is a higher prevalence of tongue frenulum alterations in singers with behavioral dysphonia seen at the Vocal Arts Outpatient Clinic of Santa Casa de São Paulo when compared to the general population. Method: 18 singers aged 18-40 years and 11 months, of both sexes who were diagnosed with behavioral dysphonia, after analysis of the medical records of the Vocal Arts Outpatient Clinic of Santa Casa de Sao Paulo and 23 individuals from the general population in the same age group without complaints of dysphonia. Both groups underwent clinical evaluation of the tongue frenulum using the protocol described by Marchesan (2010). Results: the mean age of the singers was 35.4 years and the mean age of the general population was 26.57 years. The measurements taken with a pachymeter with an open mouth and with the tip of the tongue on the palatal papilla generate an average that assists in the assessment of the tongue frenulum. In our study, 63.8% of singers and 71.1% of the general population had an average greater than 50%, which is considered normal. The alterations seen in both groups were: 5 singers and 6 individuals from the general population had altered tongue mobility tests; 2 singers and 9 individuals from the general population had some alteration in relation to tongue praxis, and as for tongue frenulum alterations, 5 singers and 6 individuals from the general population had some alteration. Conclusion: There was no significant difference between the two groups in all the aspects evaluated. Thus, we cannot conclude that there is a higher prevalence of tongue frenulum alteration in the group of singers. Keywords: Lingual frenum, Dysphonia, Voice, Prevalence


Author(s):  
Lars Aksel Pedersen ◽  
S. Dölvik ◽  
K. Holmberg ◽  
C. Ahlström Emanuelsson ◽  
H. Johansson ◽  
...  

Abstract Background Studies of patient-rated outcome in septoplasty and turbinoplasty most frequently involve several surgeons with varying surgical skills, techniques and experience. The aim of the present study was to evaluate outcome based on one experienced surgeon. Methods Three hundred and sixty-six consecutive patients referred for nasal obstruction were included. All the patients were examined with nasal endoscopy before and after decongestion, they filled out a nose VAS and rated their overall general health before and three to six months after surgery. The patients underwent septoplasty, septoplasty plus turbinoplasty or turbinoplasty. Results The mean nose VAS for nasal obstruction (0–100) preoperatively was 64.7 for all patients. Patients undergoing septoplasty (n = 159) were younger than patients undergoing septoplasty + turbinoplasty (n = 79) or patients undergoing turbinoplasty alone (n = 128). The nose VAS for nasal obstruction improved significantly in all three groups and 25% had a normal nose VAS after surgery in the septoplasty and septoplasty + turbinoplasty groups compared to only 8% in the turbinoplasty alone group. There was no significant difference in the improvement in nasal obstruction between septoplasty and septoplasty + turbinoplasty, but the septoplasty + turbinoplasty group experienced a significantly greater improvement in general health. Conclusions In 366 patients operated on by one experienced surgeon, septoplasty and septoplasty + turbinoplasty were more effective at relieving nasal obstruction than turbinoplasty alone. Septoplasty + turbinoplasty resulted in a greater improvement in general health than septoplasty alone, despite the same improvement in nasal obstruction, indicating a beneficial effect of additional turbinoplasty in septoplasty.


2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tilahun Fufa Debela ◽  
Zerihun Asefa Hordofa ◽  
Aster Berhe Aregawi ◽  
Demisew Amenu Sori

Abstract Background The consequences of obstetric fistula on affected women are more than the medical condition. It has extensive physical, psychological, social, and economic consequences on them. Obstetric fistula affects the entire health and entire life of women. Women suffering from obstetric fistula are often abandoned by her partner, relatives, and the community. This study aimed to determine the quality of life of obstetrics fistula patients before and after surgical repair. Methods Institutional-based prospective, before and after study design was conducted in the Jimma University Medical Center from November 1, 2019–October 30, 2020. A face-to-face interview was conducted with fistula patients who visited Jimma University Medical center, fistula clinic during the study period. All fistula patients were included in the study. Accordingly, 78 women who underwent surgical repair were interviewed. The means and the standard deviation were computed using conventional statistics formulas. The unpaired t-test was used to compare two independent means, and one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to compare the quality of life before repair and after a successful repair. Linear regression analysis was done for identifying determinants of quality of life. A P value of 0.05 will be considered statistical significance. Result The overall quality of life of women was 58.17 ± 7.2 before the surgical repair and 71.20 ± 10.79 after surgical repair. The result indicates there is a significant difference in the mean value of pre and post-operative (P < 0.001). The overall satisfaction of women with their health status before the surgical repair was 22.5 ± 1.30and it has increased to 53.0 ± .90after surgical repair. The physical health dimension score was 16.51 ± 5.27 before the surgical repair while it has increased to 21.77 ± 5.38 after the surgical repair. The score of the social domain before the surgical repair was 5.19 ± 1.34 and it has increased to 7.13 ± 3.67 after the surgical repair. The score of the environmental health domain was 17.41 ± 2.89 before the surgery while it also increased to 21.65 ± 4.04 after the surgical repair. The results have shown there was a significant difference in the mean values of pre and post-operatives in both social and environmental scores (P < 0.001). The score of the psychological health domain before the surgery was 19.06 ± 1.46 and it was increased to 19.84 ± 3.21 after the surgical repair. The result showed there is a significant difference in mean value pre and post-operative (P = 0.048), though it is a slight improvement compared to other domains. Conclusion The overall quality of life of the patient with fistula was improved after successful surgical repair. Although all domains of quality of life had shown significant improvement after successful surgical repair, the psychological domain showed slight improvement.


2004 ◽  
Vol 25 ◽  
pp. S479
Author(s):  
Sérgio R. Hototian ◽  
M.A. Lopes ◽  
S.E.Z. Bustamante ◽  
D. Azevedo ◽  
M.F. Tatsch ◽  
...  

1974 ◽  
Vol 77 (2) ◽  
pp. 401-407 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. A. Mahoudeau ◽  
A. Delassalle ◽  
H. Bricaire

ABSTRACT Plasma levels of testosterone (T) and 5α-dihydrotestosterone (DHT) were determined by radioimmunoassay in 29 patients with benign prostatic hypertrophy (BPH) and in 56 control men of various ages. No significant difference was found in T, DHT nor DHT/T ratio between BPH and control subjects of similar age. Plasma DHT was higher in the prostatic than in the peripheral veins in 8/9 patients with BPH during laparotomy, indicating a prostatic secretion of DHT. No difference in the mean T nor the mean DHT was found in peripheral plasma before and after adenomectomy.


Addiction ◽  
1989 ◽  
Vol 84 (6) ◽  
pp. 653-658 ◽  
Author(s):  
EDUARDO IACOPONI ◽  
RONALDO RAMOS LARANJEIRA ◽  
MIGUEL ROBERTO JORGE
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  

2013 ◽  
Vol 24 (5) ◽  
pp. 482-486 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marili Doro Andrade Deonizio ◽  
Gilson Blitzkow Sydney ◽  
Antonio Batista ◽  
Roberto Pontarolo ◽  
Paulo Ricardo Bittencourt Guimarães ◽  
...  

This study evaluated the influence of apical patency, root filling removal technique and cleaning of the apical foramen, concerning the amount of debris extruded during root canal retreatment. Forty mandibular incisors were randomly assigned to 4 groups - GIM (n=10), GIIM (n=10), GIPT (n=10) and GIIPT (n=10), which were named according to leaving (I) or not (II) apical patency during canal preparation and filling removal technique (manual - M or ProTaper system - PT). After filling material removal, each specimen of each group had the apical foramen cleaned by sizes 15, 20 and 25 instruments, generating 12 subgroups: GIM15, GIM20, GIM25, GIIM15, GIIM20, GIIM25, GIPT15, GIPT20, GIPT25, GIIPT15, GIIPT20 and GIIPT25. Extruded filling debris was collected by a Milipore filtration system, an HV-durapore, 0.45 µm pore filter with a 25 mm diameter. The filters were weighed before and after the collection on an analytical scale (10–5 g), and the difference was calculated. The mean weight of extruded filling debris was analyzed statistically by Kruskal-Wallis and Friedman ANOVA tests (α=0.05). The mean values found in the groups (in mg) were: GIM (0.95±0.94), GIIM (0.47±0.62), GIPT (0.30±0.31) and GIIPT (0.32±0.44). There was no statistically significant difference among any of the groups or subgroups (p>0.05). ProTaper provided the smallest amount of extruded filling material, regardless of presence or absence of apical patency, followed by manual technique, without and with apical patency. Additional amounts of debris were collected during cleaning of the apical foramen, regardless of the instrument, presence/absence of patency or root filling removal technique.


2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (Supplement_5) ◽  
Author(s):  
M Poletto ◽  
G Perri ◽  
F Malacarne ◽  
B Bianchet ◽  
A Doimo ◽  
...  

Abstract Background Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a viral infection caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). The disease was discovered during the 2019 outbreak in Mainland China and the first cases were reported in Italy on February 21, 2020. This study evaluates the emergency department (ED) attendances of an academic hospital in northern Italy before and after media reported the news of the first infected patients in Italy. Methods Adult attendances in ED in February 2020 were analysed dividing the period into 4 weeks (days 1-7, 8-14, 15-21, 22-28) compared with the same periods in 2019. The visits were analysed separately according to the Italian colour code of triage: white (non-critical), green (low-critical), yellow (medium critical), red (life-threatening). The mean weekly number of attendances was compared with t-test. Results February 2020 total ED attendances compared with February 2019 were 4865 vs 5029 (-3.3%), of which white codes were 834 vs 762 (+9.4%), green 2450 vs 2580 (-5.0%), yellow 1427 vs 1536 (-7.1%), red 154 vs 151 (+2.0%). February 2020 weekly mean ED attendances compared with February 2019 had statistically significant difference only in the fourth week (days 22-28) for green codes (75 vs 92, p = 0.007) and yellow codes (41 vs 52, p = 0.047), not for white (27 vs 26, p = 0.760) and red codes (5 vs 5, p = 0.817). The first three weeks of February 2020 compared with 2019 showed no statistically significant difference in weekly mean ED attendances. Conclusions There was a significant reduction of green and yellow codes attendances at ED in the fourth week of February 2020, corresponding to the initial phase of Italian COVID-19 outbreak. The fear of contracting SARS-CoV-2 by attending the ED probably acted as a significant deterrent in visits, especially for low and medium critical patients. Additional data are required to better understand the phenomenon, including the behaviour of non-critical attendances. Key messages A reduction of green and yellow codes attendances was reported during initial phase of COVID-19 outbreak in an Italian academic hospital. Fear of contracting COVID-19 infection in a hospital setting could impact on emergency department attendances.


Author(s):  
Carlos Eduardo Jacob ◽  
Claudio Bresciani ◽  
Joaquim José Gama-Rodrigues ◽  
Osmar Kenji Yagi ◽  
Donato Mucerino ◽  
...  

BACKGROUND: Gastric cancer (GC) is a predominately male disease. Usually for every female that suffers from this condition there are two males and occurred an increase in the number of females in last decades. Brazil is poor in data about this issue. AIM: To verify if in Brazil it happened: a) a change in the gender ratio and on the average age of the patients; b) an increase in the number of patients with 70 years of age or more suffering from this disease; c) changes in the gender ratio and in the average age in the several gastric locations during the period of study. METHODS: The medical history of patients diagnosed with primary gastric adenocarcinoma, between 1971 and 1998 were obtained at Hospital das Clínicas of the University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil. Exclusion criteria were: patients suffering from a non epithelial gastric malignancy; adenocarcinoma from the intestinal metaplasia in the distal esophagus invading the proximal stomach and patients submitted to a gastric resection, due to a benign or malignant tumor during the last five years prior to the surgical procedure analyzed in this study. The patients were divided into 10 years age groups and also divided in three groups, according to their ages and time intervals. Interrelationships between gender and age, and with tumor´s location on gastric wall were analyzed. RESULTS: From 1971 to 1998, 1578 patients with GC were hospitalized. Among them, 1021 were treated with gastric resection, corresponding to 64.7% of all patients. There was an increase in the proportion of patients older than 70 years, and decrease between 41 and 70 years. There was no statistical significant difference among the average ages and the different locations. There were significant differences for the locations favoring proximal third and stump, both more prevalent in males. CONCLUSIONS: a) Occurred modifications in the ratio between genders: greater number of women and an increase in the number of male patients in the age group between 41 and 70 years; b) it was proved the greater number of occurrences in patients over 70 years of age; c) there was a greater increase in the male predominance in the tumors located in the stomach´s proximal third.


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