scholarly journals Natural infection by Trypanosoma cruzi in triatomines and seropositivity for Chagas disease of dogs in rural areas of Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil

2018 ◽  
Vol 51 (2) ◽  
pp. 190-197 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yannara Barbosa Nogueira Freitas ◽  
Celeste da Silva Freitas de Souza ◽  
Jamille Maia e Magalhães ◽  
Maressa Laíse Reginaldo de Sousa ◽  
Luiz Ney d’Escoffier ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Trypanosoma Cruzi ◽  
Chagas Disease ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Natural Infection ◽  
Rio Grande

scholarly journals The epidemiologic profile and prevalence of cardiopathy in Trypanosoma cruzi infected blood donor candidates, Londrina, Paraná, Brazil

2005 ◽  
Vol 47 (6) ◽  
pp. 321-326 ◽  
Author(s):  
Divina Seila de Oliveira-Marques ◽  
Ana Maria Bonametti ◽  
Tiemi Matsuo ◽  
Francisco Gregori Junior
Keyword(s):  
Trypanosoma Cruzi ◽  
Chagas Disease ◽  
Blood Donor ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Family Income ◽  
State University ◽  
Cardiac Symptoms ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Epidemiologic Profile ◽  
The City

To describe the epidemiologic profile and prevalence of cardiopathy in 163 Trypanosoma cruzi serum positive blood donor candidates, a descriptive study was carried out between August, 1996 and November, 1997 at the Londrina State University Chagas Disease Outpatient Clinic. The profile found was: young, average age 42.95 ± 8.62 years; male (65%); Caucasian (84%); low level of schooling; low family income; agricultural worker (26%); born in the state of Paraná (67%); from rural areas (85%); migrated to the city (85%); and the vector as the main mechanism of transmission. During the clinical characterization a chronic cardiac form was found in 38% of the patients and classified as cardiac suggestive form in 21% and little suggestive of Chagas disease in 17%. No significant difference was found among age group distribution, sex and the presence of cardiac symptoms in patients with or without cardiopathy. This study emphasizes the importance of expanding medical services to areas with a greater prevalence of infected individuals, in a hierarchical manner and aiming at decentralization.

scholarly journals Usefulness of serology for the evaluation of Trypanosoma cruzi transmission in endemic areas of Chagas' disease

1989 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 119-124 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roberto Chuit ◽  
Elisabet Subias ◽  
Analia C. Pérez ◽  
Irene Paulone ◽  
Cristina Wisnivesky-Colli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Culture ◽  
Trypanosoma Cruzi ◽  
Chagas Disease ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Culture Media ◽  
Previous Treatment ◽  
Insecticide Treatment ◽  
Tissue Culture Media ◽  
Indirect Hemagglutination ◽  
History Of

Thirteen communities from 7 Argentinian provinces were selected for the evaluation of serology as an indicator of transmission of Chagas disease. Of the communities appraised, 6 did not have a history of previous treatment with insecticides and 7 had received sporadic or continuous insecticide treatment. The inhabitants of 20% of the houses of each locality were studied by serology. The samples were obtained byfinger pricking and 50 fil of blood were mixed with 150μl of 50% glycerine solution in tissue culture media to be assayed by Indirect Hemagglutination and Indirect Immunofluorescence tests. In untreated areas, the prevalence of infection in infants 0-4 years old was 17.5%, reaching to over 22% for the 5-9 year old group, and to 33.3% in 10-14 year old individuals. The prevalence in treated and surveyed areas was 2.6% in 0-4 year old children, 5.4% in 5-9 year old and 6,2% in 10-14 year old youngsters. The differences between both areas were statistically significant (p < 0.005). This study favors serology as a valid indicator for the evaluation of transmission of Chagas disease in rural areas.

scholarly journals NATURAL INFECTION BY Trypanosoma cruzi IN ONE DOG IN CENTRAL WESTERN BRAZIL: A CASE REPORT

2013 ◽  
Vol 55 (4) ◽  
pp. 287-289 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arleana do Bom Parto Ferreira de Almeida ◽  
Daphine Ariadne Jesus de Paula ◽  
Maria Luisa Paro Otton ◽  
Felipe Wolf Jaune ◽  
Raquel Aparecida Sales da Cruz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Trypanosoma Cruzi ◽  
Chagas Disease ◽  
Natural Infection ◽  
Human Populations ◽  
Direct Examination ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Mato Grosso ◽  
Blood Smears ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Acute Chagas Disease

SUMMARY It is estimated that about 10 million people are infected with Trypanosoma cruzi worldwide, mostly in Latin America and more than 25 million are at risk of acquiring this infection in endemic areas. Dogs are an important reservoir for this pathogen and thus, considered a risk factor for human populations. This report describes one case of Chagas disease in a dog from Cuiabá, Mato Grosso State, Brazil. The diagnosis was obtained by direct examination of trypomastigote forms in blood smears. Amastigotes forms were visualized in microscopy of the bone marrow, lymph nodes, kidneys, liver and brain. The T. cruzi (ZIII) infection was confirmed by Polymerase Chain Reaction, and sequencing. The animal presented multisystemic failure and died. Although acute Chagas disease in humans is not reported in Cuiabá, this is the first report of a canine case in this region. This case represents a warning, to health professionals and authorities, to the possibility of transmission of this zoonosis in Cuiabá.

scholarly journals Trypanosoma cruzi strains from triatomine collected in Bahia and Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil

2014 ◽  
Vol 48 (2) ◽  
pp. 295-302 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aline Rimoldi Ribeiro ◽  
Vagner José Mendonça ◽  
Renata Tomé Alves ◽  
Isabel Martinez ◽  
Renato Freitas de Araújo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Trypanosoma Cruzi ◽  
Natural Infection ◽  
Rio Grande ◽  
Intestinal Content ◽  
Southern Brazil ◽  
Rio Grande Do Sul ◽  
Abdominal Compression ◽  
Insect Identification ◽  
Triatomine Species ◽  
Panstrongylus Geniculatus

OBJECTIVE Collection of triatomines in domestic, peridomestic and sylvatic environments in states of Bahia and Rio Grande do Sul, Northeastern and Southern Brazil respectively, and isolation of Trypanosoma cruzi strains. METHODS First, the captured triatomines were identified using insect identification keys, then their intestinal content was examined by abdominal compression, and the samples containing trypanosomatid forms were inoculated in LIT medium and Swiss mice. RESULTS Six triatomine species were collected in cities in Bahia, namely Panstrongylus geniculatus (01), Triatoma melanocephala (11), T. lenti (94), T. pseudomaculata (02), T. sherlocki (26) and T. sordida (460), and two in cities in Rio Grande do Sul, namely T. circummaculata (11) and T. rubrovaria (115). Out of the specimens examined, T. cruzi was isolated from 28 triatomine divided into four different species: T. melanocephala (one), T. lenti (one), T. rubrovaria (16) and T. sordida (10). Their index of natural infection by T. cruzi was 6.4%. CONCLUSIONS The isolation of T. cruzi strains from triatomines found in domestic and peridomestic areas shows the potential risk of transmission of Chagas disease in the studied cities. The maintenance of those T. cruzi strains in laboratory is intended to promote studies that facilitate the understanding of the parasite-vector-host relationship.

scholarly journals Glutamine increases body weight and decreases myocardial damage in Trypanosoma cruzi-infected mice treated with nifurtimox.

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 10-16
Author(s):  
Carmen Marín-Tello ◽  
◽  
César Sánchez-Marín ◽  
Luis Arteaga-Temoche ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Trypanosoma Cruzi ◽  
Chagas Disease ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Cardiac Tissue ◽  
Parasitic Infection ◽  
Myocardial Damage ◽  
Glutamine Supplementation ◽  
Histopathological Analysis ◽  
Standard Diet

Chagas disease, a parasitic infection caused by the protist Trypanosoma cruzi, affect the poorest populations, living in remote, rural areas and urban slums. Although this drug is effective against Chagas disease present a number of serious side effects. In residents of high Andean areas with megacolon it can lead to cardiomyopathies. The aim of this study was to investigate whether dietary supplementation with L-glutamine may alleviate some of these symptoms because of its previously observed anti-inflammatory properties. We studied two groups of T. cruzi-infected mice receiving treatment with nifurtimox. One group was fed the standard diet, while the other group’s diet was supplemented with Glutamine. We found that Glutamine supplementation increases body weight (p<0.001), decreases heart mass to body mass ratio (p<0.001), and decreases the number of amastigotes present in cardiac tissue. Additionally, histopathological analysis showed less heart tissue damage in the group that received Glutaminne in their diet. Therefore, our findings suggest that Glutamine supplementation improves nifurtimox treatment outcomes of T. cruzi infection.

scholarly journals The connection between Trypanosoma cruzi transmission cycles by Triatoma brasiliensis brasiliensis: A threat to human health in an area susceptible to desertification in the Seridó, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (11) ◽  
pp. e0009919
Author(s):  
Vanessa Lima-Neiva ◽  
Helena Keiko Toma ◽  
Lúcia Maria Abrantes Aguiar ◽  
Catarina Macedo Lopes ◽  
Letícia Paschoaletto Dias ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Trypanosoma Cruzi ◽  
Bos Taurus ◽  
Homo Sapiens ◽  
Natural Infection ◽  
Rio Grande ◽  
Human Populations ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Natural Vector ◽  
Coii Gene ◽  
Blood Meals

An outbreak of Chagas disease, possibly involving its vector Triatoma brasiliensis brasiliensis, was identified in the state of Rio Grande do Norte (RN). Given the historical significance of this vector in public health, the study aimed to evaluate its role in the transmission dynamics of the protozoan Trypanosoma cruzi in an area undergoing desertification in the Seridó region, RN, Brazil. We captured triatomines in sylvatic and anthropic ecotopes. Natural vector infection was determined using parasitological and molecular methods and we identified discrete typing units (DTUs) of T. cruzi by analyzing the COII gene of mtDNA, 24Sα rDNA, and mini-exon gene. Their blood meals sources were identified by amplification and sequencing of the mtDNA cytochrome b gene. A total of 952 T. b. brasiliensis were captured in peridomestic (69.9%) and sylvatic ecotopes (30.4%). A wide range of natural infection rates were observed in peridomestic (36.0% - 71.1%) and sylvatic populations (28.6% - 100.0%). We observed the circulation of TcI and TcII DTUs with a predominance of Tcl in sylvatic and peridomestic environments. Kerodon rupestris, rocky cavy (13/39), Homo sapiens, human (8/39), and Bos taurus, ox (6/39) were the most frequently detected blood meals sources. Thus, Triatoma b. brasiliensis is invading and colonizing the human dwellings. Furthermore, high levels of natural infection, coupled with the detection of TcI and TcII DTUs, and also the detection of K. rupestris and H. sapiens as blood meals sources of infected T. b. brasiliensis indicate a risk of T. cruzi transmission to human populations in areas undergoing desertification.

Rhodnius spp. infestation in palm trees and natural infection by Trypanosoma cruzi and Trypanosoma rangeli in periurban and rural areas of state of the Rondônia, in the Brazilian Amazon.

Acta Tropica ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 105963
Author(s):  
Genimar Rebouças Julião ◽  
Iasmin Ferreira Pimentel ◽  
Andonai Krauze de França ◽  
Luiz Herman Soares Gil ◽  
Marlon Ferreira Simplício ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Trypanosoma Cruzi ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Natural Infection ◽  
Brazilian Amazon ◽  
Trypanosoma Rangeli ◽  
Palm Trees

scholarly journals Distribution and natural infection status of synantrophic triatomines (Hemiptera: Reduviidae), vectors of Trypanosoma cruzi, reveals new epidemiological scenarios for chagas disease in the Highlands of Colombia

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (7) ◽  
pp. e0009574
Author(s):  
Omar Cantillo-Barraza ◽  
Manuel Medina ◽  
Sara Zuluaga ◽  
María Isabel Blanco ◽  
Rodrigo Caro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Analysis ◽  
Trypanosoma Cruzi ◽  
Chagas Disease ◽  
Natural Infection ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Rhodnius Prolixus ◽  
The Other ◽  
Infection Status ◽  
Triatomine Bugs ◽  
Increased Risk

Introduction Updating the distribution and natural infection status of triatomine bugs is critical for planning, prioritizing, and implementing strategies to control Chagas disease (CD), especially after vector reduction programs. After carrying out a control program, the Department of Boyaca contains the highest number of Colombian municipalities certified by PAHO to be free of intradomiciliary transmission of Trypanosoma cruzi by Rhodnius prolixus. The present work describes the spatial distribution, natural infection (NI), and molecular characterization of T. cruzi in synanthropic triatomines from the Department of Boyaca in 2017 and 2018. Materials and methods An entomological survey was conducted in 52 municipalities in Boyaca known to have had previous infestations of triatomine bugs. Insects were collected through active searches carried out by technical personnel from the Secretary of Health and community members using Triatomine Collection Stations (PITs-acronym in Spanish). For evaluation of natural infection, triatomines were identified morphologically and grouped in pools of one to five individuals of the same species collected in the same household. DNA derived from the feces of each pool of insects was analyzed by PCR for the presence of T. cruzi using primers flanking the satellite DNA of the parasite. SL-IR primers were used to differentiate TCI from the other DTUs and to identify different genotypes. The distribution of the collected triatomines was analyzed to determine any vector hotspots using spatial recreation. Results A total of 670 triatomine bugs was collected, belonging to five species: Triatoma dimidiata (73.2%), Triatoma venosa (16.7%), Panstrongylus geniculatus (5.7%), Rhodnius prolixus (4.4%), and Panstrongylus rufotuberculatus (0.4%), from 29 of the 52 municipalities. In total, 71.6% of the bugs were collected within houses (intradomiciliary) and the rest around the houses (peridomiciliary). Triatoma dimidiata was the most widely distributed species and had the highest natural infection index (37.8%), followed by T. venosa and P. geniculatus. TcI was the only DTU found, with the TcI Dom genotype identified in 80% of positive samples and TcI sylvatic in the other insects. Spatial analysis showed clusters of T. dimidiata and T. venosa in the northeast and southwest regions of Boyaca. Conclusions After some municipalities were certified free of natural transmission within houses (intradomiciliary transmission) of T. cruzi by R. prolixus, T. dimidiata has become the most prevalent vector present, and represents a significant risk of resurgent CD transmission. However, T. venosa, P. geniculatus, and P. rufotuberculatus also contribute to the increased risk of transmission. The presence of residual R. prolixus may undo the successes achieved through vector elimination programs. The molecular and spatial analysis used here allows us to identify areas with an ongoing threat of parasite transmission and improve entomological surveillance strategies.

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