scholarly journals SEDENTARY BEHAVIOR AND NUTRITIONAL STATUS AMONG OLDER ADULTS: A META-ANALYSIS

2018 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 310-315 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bruno de Freitas Camilo ◽  
Talita Inácio Martins Resende ◽  
Édimo Fernando Alves Moreira ◽  
Renata Damião
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Sedentary Behavior ◽  
Exposure Time ◽  
Observational Studies ◽  
Web Of Science ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Level Of Evidence ◽  
Level Ii ◽  
Modernization Process

ABSTRACT The accelerated modernization process has entailed changes in the lifestyle of people, such as exposure to sedentary behavior, and this in turn may affect the nutritional status. The aim of this systematic review with meta-analysis was to analyze observational studies that assessed the association between exposure time to sedentary behavior and nutritional status (overweight/malnutrition) in individuals aged ≥60 years. BVS, PubMed and Web of Science were the databases used in the search for observational studies, published until November 28, 2017, which have examined the association between exposure time to sedentary behavior and nutritional status. Two authors undertook the reading of titles and abstracts and applied the STROBE checklist independently. The Odds Ratio was calculated using the random effects model. Eight studies were included in this meta-analysis and involved 21415 individuals. All the studies covered most of the items suggested by the STROBE checklist. Of the total, four studies showed association between sedentary behavior and nutritional status. Longer exposure to sedentary behavior did not increase the odds of overweight and/or obesity (OR 1.32; 95%; CI 0.95-1.84). It is suggested that further studies with standardized criteria for measuring sedentary behavior and nutritional status are undertaken. Level of Evidence II; Systematic review of level II studies.

scholarly journals Post COVID-19 Organizing Pneumonia: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

2021 ◽  
pp. 259-270
Author(s):  
Talal Khalid Abdullah Alanazi ◽  
Nasser Faris Ali Alahmari ◽  
Faris Essa Ibrahim Qubays ◽  
Solaiman Hosaian ibraheem Alenezi ◽  
Meshal Faleh Mofadhe Alenezi
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Observational Studies ◽  
Web Of Science ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Organizing Pneumonia ◽  
Eligible Study ◽  
Data Synthesis ◽  
Electronic Search ◽  
Review Manager

Introduction: Several observational studies have found parallels between COVID-19 pneumonia and organizing pneumonia (OP). This study aims to investigate the published literature of OP related to COVID-19, estimates the prevalence of OP among COVID-19 patients, and assesses the risk or COVID-19 severity associated with OP. Methodology: This was a systematic review and meta-analysis. A systematic electronic search through PubMed, Web of Science, Science Direct, EBSCO, and Google Scholar was conducted to include relevant and eligible literature. The authors used Review Manager 5.4 to perform quantitative data synthesis for the condition of interest analyses. Results: A total of 9 eligible study articles and 12 case reports were included in this study. The estimated pooled organizing pneumonia prevalence among COVID-19 patients was 45.6% [23.1%-68.2%]. The association between OP and severe COVID-19 infection revealed a pooled OR [95% CI] of 5.22 [-0.96-11.41]. Conclusion: COVID-19 patients had a rather high OP prevalence (43%). Surprisingly, cancer patients with COVID-19 infection had the lowest OP prevalence. OP was identified as a possible risk factor for the severity of COVID-19 infection.

scholarly journals Anemia and the Risk of Cognitive Impairment: An Updated Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 777
Author(s):  
Woon-Man Kung ◽  
Sheng-Po Yuan ◽  
Muh-Shi Lin ◽  
Chieh-Chen Wu ◽  
Md. Mohaimenul Islam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Observational Studies ◽  
Web Of Science ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Previous Evidence ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Meta Analyses ◽  
Risk Ratios

Background: Cognitive impairment is one of the most common, burdensome, and costly disorders in the elderly worldwide. The magnitude of the association between anemia and overall cognitive impairment (OCI) has not been established. Objective: We aimed to update and expand previous evidence of the association between anemia and the risk of OCI. Methods: We conducted an updated systematic review and meta-analysis. We searched electronic databases, including EMBASE, PubMed, and Web of Science for published observational studies and clinical trials between 1 January 1990 and 1 June 2020. We excluded articles that were in the form of a review, letter to editors, short reports, and studies with less than 50 participants. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses (PRISMA) guidelines were followed. We estimated summary risk ratios (RRs) with random effects. Results: A total of 20 studies, involving 6558 OCI patients were included. Anemia was significantly associated with an increased risk of OCI (adjusted RR (aRR) 1.39 (95% CI, 1.25–1.55; p < 0.001)). In subgroup analysis, anemia was also associated with an increased risk of all-cause dementia (adjusted RR (aRR), 1.39 (95% CI, 1.23–1.56; p < 0.001)), Alzheimer’s disease [aRR, 1.59 (95% CI, 1.18–2.13; p = 0.002)], and mild cognitive impairment (aRR, 1.36 (95% CI, 1.04–1.78; p = 0.02)). Conclusion: This updated meta-analysis shows that patients with anemia appear to have a nearly 1.39-fold risk of developing OCI than those without anemia. The magnitude of this risk underscores the importance of improving anemia patients’ health outcomes, particularly in elderly patients.

scholarly journals Nutritional Status in Intensive Care Unit: A Meta-Analysis and Systematic Review

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. 1678
Author(s):  
Mohammed Ibrahim Mohialdeen Gubari ◽  
Mohammad Javad Hosseinzadeh-Attar ◽  
Mostafa Hosseini ◽  
Fadhil Ahmed Mohialdeen ◽  
Haval Othman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Intensive Care Unit ◽  
Intensive Care ◽  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Clinical Outcomes ◽  
Web Of Science ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Severe Malnutrition ◽  
Systematic Overview ◽  
Therapeutic Measures

It is important to consider the nutritional status of patients in the intensive care unit (ICU) since it is a key element in the ability to overcome and survive critical illnesses and clinical outcomes. The aim of the present study was to provide a meta-analysis and systematic overview in determining the nutritional status of patients in ICU by examining other studies. All studies published during 2015-2019 on nutritional status in ICU were retrieved from Medline (via PubMed), Embase, Scopus, and Web of Science databases. Finally, 23 articles were included in the meta-analysis. Results obtained from these studies showed that the nutritional status of patients in ICU was inappropriate (the pooled proportion of malnutrition was 0.51 in the type of study stratified), in which many patients in this unit had different degrees of malnutrition (moderate-mild malnourished and severe malnutrition is 0.46 and 20%, respectively). According to the results of this study, the nutritional status of patients in ICU was unsatisfactory; hence, it is necessary to consider the nutritional status along with other therapeutic measures at the beginning of the patient’s admission.[GMJ.2020;9:e1678]

scholarly journals A systematic review and meta-analysis of the efficacy of medical masks and N95 respirators for protection against respiratory infectious diseases, including COVID-19 in medical staff

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
MM Gao-hong Wu ◽  
MB Ping Jiang ◽  
MB Huan Yuan ◽  
Shi ◽  
Zhu
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
Observational Studies ◽  
Web Of Science ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Significant Protection ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Respiratory Infectious Diseases ◽  
N95 Respirators

Abstract To evaluate the efficacy of N95 respirators and medical masks for protection against respiratory infectious diseases, including COVID-19. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and observational studies evaluating the use of N95 respirators and medical masks for protection against respiratory infectious diseases. We retrieved relevant articles published from January 1994 to January 2020 by searching the PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane CENTRAL, and Web of Science databases. The study quality was evaluated using the Cochrane Risk of Bias tool with RevMan 5.3 software. Eleven RCTs adjusted for clustering were included in the meta-analysis. Compared with the control group, N95 respirators or medical masks conferred significant protection against respiratory infectious diseases (odds ratio (OR) = 0.50; 95% CI: 0.29–0.84). Compared to medical masks, N95 respirators conferred significant protection against respiratory infectious diseases (OR = 0.75; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.57–0.99). Meta-analysis of 10 observational studies adjusting for clustering also suggested that N95 respirators and medical masks are effective for protection against respiratory infectious diseases (OR = 0.59; 95% CI: 0.42–0.82). However, only one case report showed the effectiveness of medical masks for preventing COVID-19. Although medical masks and N95 respirators may confer significant protection against respiratory infectious diseases, there is insufficient evidence to conclude that these types of personal protective equipment offer similar protection against COVID-19. Therefore, in the absence of sufficient resources during an epidemic, medical masks and N95 respirators should be reserved for high-risk, aerosol-generating producing procedures.

scholarly journals Effectiveness of Percutaneous Adhesiolysis in Managing Chronic Central Lumbar Spinal Stenosis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (22;6) ◽  
pp. E523-E550
Author(s):  
Laxmaiah Manchikanti
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Spinal Stenosis ◽  
Lumbar Spinal Stenosis ◽  
Systematic Reviews ◽  
Observational Studies ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Level Ii ◽  
Best Evidence Synthesis ◽  
Lumbar Spinal

Background: Symptomatic lumbar spinal stenosis is a condition affecting a growing number of individuals resulting in significant disability and pain, leading to a multitude of interventions ranging from simple over the counter medication to opioids, and, finally, to complex surgical fusions. After failure of conservative treatment with drug therapy, physical therapy, and other conservative modalities including epidural injections, percutaneous adhesiolysis with targeted delivery of drugs into the epidural space can be offered in lumbar central spinal stenosis prior to minimally invasive surgical options or complex surgical fusions. To date there has been only one systematic review which has assessed the role of percutaneous adhesiolysis in treating central spinal stenosis, compared to post lumbar surgery syndrome which has multiple systematic reviews and randomized controlled trials (RCTs). Study Design: A systematic review of RCTs and observational studies assessing the role of percutaneous adhesiolysis in managing lumbar central spinal stenosis. Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness of percutaneous adhesiolysis in managing central lumbar spinal stenosis, utilizing currently available literature. Methods: This systematic review was performed utilizing Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) for literature search, Cochrane review criteria, Interventional Pain Management techniques - Quality Appraisal of Reliability and Risk of Bias Assessment (IPMQRB), and Interventional Pain Management Techniques – Quality Appraisal of Reliability and Risk of Bias Assessment for Nonrandomized Studies (IPM-QRBNR) to assess methodologic quality assessment and qualitative analysis utilizing best evidence synthesis principles, and meta-analysis. PubMed, Cochrane library, US National Guideline Clearinghouse, Google Scholar, and prior systematic reviews and reference lists were utilized in the literature search from 1966 through June 2019. The evidence was summarized utilizing principles of the best evidence synthesis on a scale of 1 to 5. Outcome Measures: The primary outcome or hard endpoint was defined as the proportion of patients with 50% pain relief and improvement in functionality, whereas the secondary outcome measures or soft endpoints were pain relief and/or improvement in functionality. Short-term effectiveness was defined as improvement of 6 months or less, whereas long-term effectiveness was defined as more than 6 months. Results: Based on search criteria, 9 manuscripts were identified and considered for inclusion with final inclusion of 2 RCTs and 4 observational studies in this systematic review and 5 studies for single arm meta-analysis. The results showed Level II evidence for short-term and long-term improvement in pain and function with application of percutaneous adhesiolysis in managing central lumbar spinal stenosis. Limitations: There was a significant paucity of evidence assessing the role of percutaneous adhesiolysis in managing lumbar central spinal stenosis, leading to Level II or moderate evidence.Conclusion: Overall, the present analysis shows Level II (moderate) evidence for percutaneous adhesiolysis in managing lumbar central spinal stenosis based on relevant high quality RCTs and observational studies. Key Words: Lumbar central spinal stenosis, percutaneous adhesiolysis, randomized controlled trials, systematic reviews, neuroplasty

Abstract 14699: Arterial and Venous Thromboembolism in Covid-19: A Study-level Meta-analysis

Circulation ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 142 (Suppl_3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Vicky Mai ◽  
Kim Boun Tan ◽  
Sabine Mainbourg ◽  
Arnaud Frigerri ◽  
Laurent Bertoletti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Observational Studies ◽  
Web Of Science ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Thromboembolic Events ◽  
Vein Thrombosis ◽  
Coronary Syndrome ◽  
Specific Effects ◽  
Deep Vein

Introduction: The prevalence of venous (VTE) and arterial (ATE) thromboembolic events in patients with COVID-19 remains largely unknown. Methods: In this systematic review and meta-analysis, we systematically searched Pubmed MEDLINE, Google Scholar, and Web of Science for observational studies describing the prevalence of VTE and ATE amongst patients with COVID-19 published between Jan 1, 2020 and May 20, 2020. The websites of major journals were also searched. Results: We analysed findings from 15 studies totalizing 1,755 patients, mainly in intensive care units (ICU). The weighted frequency of COVID-19-related VTE was 16.6% (95%CI 9.5-25.1%, I 2 =94%, 13 studies: 1,546 patients). The overall prevalence of PE and deep vein thrombosis (DVT) were 9.1% (95%CI 3.7-16.6%, I 2 =95%; 15 studies; 1,755 patients) and, 7.8% (95%CI 3.4-13.8%; I 2 =92%; 13 studies; 1,445 patients), respectively. Few were isolated subsegmental PE or distal DVT. The VTE prevalence was significantly higher in ICU (21.6%; 95%CI 12.6-32.2%; I2=91% versus 4.6%; 95%CI 1.0-10.7%, I 2 =87%, p interaction =0.002 in subgroup analysis). The weighted frequency of myocardial infarction/acute coronary syndrome, stroke, and other ATE (6 studies, 812 patients) was 3.2% (95%CI 2.1-4.5%, I 2 =0%), 0.7% (95%CI 0.0-2.2%, I 2 =64%), 2.0% (95%CI 1.2-3.0%, I 2 =40%), and 0.5% (95%CI 0.0-1.6%, I 2 =60%), respectively. Conclusions: Patients admitted in the ICU for severe COVID-19 had a high risk of VTE. Conversely, further studies are needed to determine the specific effects of COVID-19 on the risk of ATE or VTE in less severe forms of the disease.

scholarly journals Systematic Review of the Effectiveness of Thermal Annular Procedures in Treating Discogenic Low Back Pain

2009 ◽  
Vol 1;12 (1;1) ◽  
pp. 207-232 ◽  
Author(s):  
Standiford Helm II
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Low Back Pain ◽  
Back Pain ◽  
Outcome Measures ◽  
Observational Studies ◽  
Low Back ◽  
Level Of Evidence ◽  
Level Ii ◽  
Discogenic Low Back Pain ◽  
One Year

Background: Chronic discogenic low back pain is a common problem with significant personal and societal costs. Thermal annular procedures (TAPs) have been developed in an effort to provide a minimally invasive treatment for this disorder. Multiple techniques utilized are intradiscal electrothermal therapy (IDET), radiofrequency annuloplasty, and intradiscal biacuplasty (IDB). However, these treatments continue to be controversial, coupled with a paucity of evidence. Study Design: A systematic review of the literature evaluating the efficacy or effectiveness of TAPs. Objective: To determine the effectiveness of TAPs in reducing low back pain in patients with intradiscal disorders. Methods: A comprehensive evaluation of the literature relating to TAPs was performed. The literature was evaluated according to Cochrane Review criteria for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and according to the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ) criteria for observational studies. The level of evidence was classified as Level I, II, or III based on the quality of evidence developed by the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF). Pain relief was the primary outcome measure. Other outcome measures were functional improvement, improvement of psychological status, and return to work. Data sources included relevant literature of the English language identified through searches of PubMed, EMBASE, the Cochrane Library, and the Database of Reviews of Effectiveness (DARE). Outcome Measures: Short-term effectiveness was defined as one-year or less and long-term effectiveness was defined as greater than one-year. Results: Systematic review of IDET identified 2 RCTs and 16 observational studies with an indicated evidence of Level II-2. Systematic review of radiofrequency annuloplasty identified no RCTs but 2 observational studies with an uncertain evidence of Level II-3. Systematic review of IDB identified one pilot study. The level of evidence is lacking with Level III. Limitations: The limitations of this review include paucity of the literature and lack of evidence with internal validity and generalizability. Conclusion: IDET offers functionally significant relief in approximately one-half of appropriately chosen chronic discogenic low back pain patients. There is minimal evidence supporting the use of radiofrequency annuloplasty and IDB. Key words: Chronic low back pain, degenerative disc disease, internal disc disruption, intervertebral disc, thermal annular procedures, intradiscal electrothermal therapy, radiofrequency ablation, intradiscal biacuplasty, radiofrequency annuloplasty

scholarly journals Infertile Women’s Opinion Concerning Gestational Surrogacy: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sanaz MUSAVI ◽  
Hossein MASHHADI ABDOLAHI ◽  
Morteza GHOJAZADEH ◽  
Mahdieh ABBASALIZAD FARHANGI ◽  
Zeinab NIKNIAZ ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Observational Studies ◽  
Animal Studies ◽  
Web Of Science ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Cultural Groups ◽  
Infertile Women ◽  
Persian Language ◽  
Gestational Surrogacy

Background: This systematic review and meta-analysis of the observational studies aimed at evaluating the infertile women’s attitude toward gestational surrogacy. Methods: Published studies until Jan 2019 were searched using PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, ISI Web of Science, Proquest and Google scholar, MagIran, SID and IranMedex. Studies in English or Persian language surveyed attitudes toward surrogacy for infertile women published until Jan 2019. Animal studies and studies with poor methodological quality were excluded from the review. Results: Six eligible studies including 1359 infertile women were identified. Of these, 559 and 742 women agreed and disagreed with surrogacy respectively. The overall event rate of positive attitude for surrogacy in infertile women was %39.7 (%95 CI=24.5 to 57.1, P=0.245). Conclusion: The infertile women’s attitude toward surrogacy is not strongly positive. We believe, more studies should be conducted among different socioeconomic, religious and cultural groups.

scholarly journals Oral Manifestations of COVID-19: Updated Systematic Review With Meta-Analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Javier Aragoneses ◽  
Ana Suárez ◽  
Juan Algar ◽  
Cinthia Rodríguez ◽  
Nansi López-Valverde ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Observational Studies ◽  
Web Of Science ◽  
Opportunistic Infections ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Oral Lesions ◽  
Oral Manifestations ◽  
Prevalence Data ◽  
Considerable Heterogeneity ◽  
Pooled Prevalence

There is increasing evidence for oral lesions and manifestations of COVID-19. The aim of this meta-analysis was to investigate the types of oral manifestations of COVID-19 and their prevalence. PubMed/Medline, Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar databases were used to search for publications on oral manifestations in patients with PCR-confirmed COVID-19. A total of 310 records were selected, and 74 were included. Oral lesions in COVID-19 were classified according to their etiologies, including iatrogenic lesions caused by intubation and opportunistic infections. Of the included studies, 35 reported oral lesions probably caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome-Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection. Meta-analysis of prevalence data on oral manifestations and aphthous lesions indicated high heterogeneity, while meta-analysis of xerostomia prevalence data revealed a pooled prevalence, with considerable heterogeneity. In conclusion, the meta-analysis yielded high heterogeneity between studies: oral lesions yielded a prevalence of 0.33 (95% CI 0.11–0.60), xerostomia lesions a prevalence of 0.44 (95% CI 0.36–0.52) and aphthous lesions 0.10 (95% CI 0.01–0.24). In addition, a gap in the evidence regarding the prevalence of oral lesions in COVID-19 was identified and the need for further observational studies focusing on this issue and on the causal relationships between oral lesions and COVID-19 was highlighted.

scholarly journals Mitomycin C in the Endoscopic Treatment of Laryngotracheal Stenosis: Systematic Review and Proportional Meta-Analysis

2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (01) ◽  
pp. e112-e124 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thereza L. O. Queiroga ◽  
Daniele C. Cataneo ◽  
Regina H. G. Martins ◽  
Tarcisio A. Reis ◽  
Antônio J. M. Cataneo
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Mitomycin C ◽  
Endoscopic Treatment ◽  
Observational Studies ◽  
Web Of Science ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Scar Tissue ◽  
Laryngotracheal Stenosis ◽  
Data Synthesis ◽  
One Year

Abstract Introduction Mitomycin C is a natural antibiotic that has been used to inhibit the proliferation of fibroblasts in scar tissue. Objective To evaluate the effectiveness and safety of topical Mitomycin C as an adjuvant in the endoscopic treatment of laryngotracheal stenoses. Data synthesis A systematic review of experimental or observational studies that have evaluated the treatment of laryngotracheal stenoses with the use of topical Mitomycin C was performed. Databases researched: LILACS, PubMed, Embase, Cochrane and Web of Science. Outcomes: resolution (symptom-free time ≥ one year), number of procedures required, and complications resulting from the procedure. A total of 15 studies (involving 387 patients) were selected. Mitomycin C was administered to every patient in 11 studies, and in 4 other studies, the patients were separated into 2 groups, 1 receiving mitomycin C, and the other not. The resolution of the stenosis evaluated in 12 studies in which the patients received mitomycin C was of 69% (95% confidence interval [95%CI]: 61–76%; I2 = 17.3%). A total of 52% of the patients (95%CI: 39–64%, 11 studies; I2 = 64.7%) were submitted to a single endoscopic procedure, and 48% (95%CI: 36–61%, 11 studies; I2 = 64.7%) were submitted to more than 1 procedure. Complications (mediastinal and subcutaneous emphysema, dysphonia, laceration or vocal fold paralysis and acute light obstruction) were reported in 9% of the patients (95%CI: 3–18%, 9 studies; I2 = 79.8%). Conclusions The evidence suggests that mitomycin C is an effective and safe option in the endoscopic treatment of laryngotracheal stenosis.

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