scholarly journals Focus and trends in nurse advocacy in the Pan American Health Region: a bibliometric analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 28 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Charles Benton ◽  
Alyson Suzanne Brenton
Keyword(s):  
Policy Advocacy ◽  
Member States ◽  
Bibliographic Analysis ◽  
Specific Data ◽  
Nursing Advocacy ◽  
Scholarly Output ◽  
Data Clusters ◽  
Advocacy Activity ◽  
Pan American ◽  
Health Organization

Objective: this study examined scholarly output relating to nursing advocacy contributions toward influencing policy by authors in countries of the Pan American Health Organization. Method: the study utilizes a bibliographic analysis of papers indexed in Scopus authored by PAHO member state scholars. VOSviewer conducted coauthor and cooccurrence analysis to generate visualizations of the relationships between authors, countries of origin and keywords. Results: 7,773 papers with 21,523 authors met the inclusion criteria. An increase of publications on policy starting in 1962 was found. Co-authorship identified a fragile relationships structure with few authors bridging networks of collaboration. By country of origin, 22 of 35 member states contributed to policy literature; 17 in a connected network and 5 contributing but neither connected to peers nor other member states. Keyword analysis identified 20 specific data clusters. Conclusion: our findings are aligned with the Nursing Now Campaign. This bibliographic analysis provides an important benchmark into current policy advocacy activity in PAHO against which future progress in the region can be assessed. There is scope for greater collaboration amongst authors and this could be targeted toward engagement of nurses in member states not-yet or only partially active in this space.

scholarly journals Program Budget of the Pan American Health Organization 2020-2021

2021 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Member States ◽  
Financial Report ◽  
Financial Accountability ◽  
Program Budget ◽  
Pan American ◽  
External Auditor ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Annual Financial Report

This Program Budget 2020-2021 forms a results-based “contract” between the Pan American Sanitary Bureau (PASB or “the Bureau”) and PAHO Member States, with each undertaking to perform the respective actions necessary to achieve the health outcomes and outputs contained herein. The approval, implementation, and reporting of this Program Budget is the main means of accountability for the programmatic work of PASB. The budgetary aspect of the Program Budget forms one of the two main pillars of financial accountability (along with the annual Financial Report of the Director and Report of the External Auditor). With a few notable exceptions, the sum total of PASB’s work for the next two years is represented in this Program Budget.

scholarly journals Strategic Plan of the Pan American Health Organization 2020-2025: Equity at the Heart of Health

2020 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Social Protection ◽  
Strategic Plan ◽  
World Health ◽  
Planning Period ◽  
Member States ◽  
Pan American ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
High Level ◽  
The Impact

The Pan American Health Organization (PAHO) Strategic Plan sets out the Organization’s strategic direction, based on the collective priorities of its Member States, and specifies the public health results to be achieved during the period 2020-2025. The Plan establishes the joint commitment of PAHO Member States and the Pan American Sanitary Bureau for the next six years. PAHO Member States have clearly stated that the Strategic Plan is a principal instrument for implementation of the Sustainable Health Agenda for the Americas 2018-2030 (SHAA2030) and thus for realizing the health-related Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) in the Region of the Americas. The 11 SHAA2030 goals form the impact-level objectives of this Plan. Under the theme Equity at the Heart of Health, this Plan seeks to catalyze efforts in Member States to reduce inequities in health within and between countries and territories in order to improve health outcomes. The Plan identifies specific actions to tackle health inequality, including those recommended by the Commission on Equity and Health Inequalities in the Americas, with guidance from the High-level Commission for Universal Health. Four cross-cutting themes are central to this Plan’s approach to addressing the determinants of health: equity, gender, ethnicity, and human rights. In addition to highlighting an integrated multisectoral approach, this Plan applies evidence-based public health strategies, such as health promotion, the primary health care approach, and social protection in health, to address the social determinants. In addition to directly addressing the regional priorities established in the SHAA2030, this Plan aligns with the World Health Organization (WHO) 13th General Programme of Work (GPW13) and with other regional and global mandates in force during the planning period.

scholarly journals Annual Report of the Director of the Pan American Sanitary Bureau 2021. Working through the COVID-19 Pandemic

2021 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Annual Report ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
World Health ◽  
Technical Cooperation ◽  
Executive Summary ◽  
Member States ◽  
Working Through ◽  
Pan American ◽  
Health Organization

The Director’s 2021 annual report on the work of the Pan American Sanitary Bureau (the Bureau), Regional Office for the Americas of the World Health Organization, highlights the technical cooperation undertaken by the Bureau during the period from July 2020 to June 2021, within the framework of the 2020–2025 Strategic Plan of the Pan American Health Organization (PAHO). The theme of the report is: Working through the COVID-19 Pandemic. The period covered has been the most challenging ever encountered by PAHO. The pandemic, through its devastating health and economic consequences, has severely impacted people’s lives and livelihoods and disrupted countries, societies, economies, and their development. This has occurred in conjunction with the inevitable challenges on the road to equitable, sustainable development and the achievement of the 2030 Sustainable Development Goals and the objectives of the Sustainable Health Agenda for the Americas 2018–2030. The publication opens with a preface by the Director of PASB, a concise executive summary, and a brief introduction. It then presents a comprehensive review of PAHO’s technical cooperation, and of the Bureau’s institutional and strengthening functions. The report highlights achievements, challenges, and lessons learned as the Bureau undertook technical cooperation with PAHO Member States at national, subregional, and regional levels within the context of the COVID-19 pandemic, working with traditional and new partners to find equitable solutions for emerging and persisting health issues in the Region of the Americas. It also looks ahead, analyzing those opportunities brought to light by the COVID-19 experience for strengthening PAHO’s promotion of and contribution to equity and progressive realization of the right to health. Moreover, it indicates how the Bureau, with the concurrence and guidance of Member States, and in collaboration with partners, will take advantage of such opportunities. This report is complemented by the Financial Report of the Director, and the Report of the External Auditor for the year 2020.

scholarly journals The Pan American Health Organization-adapted Hanlon method for prioritization of health programs

2019 ◽  
Vol 43 ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bernard C.K. Choi ◽  
Rony A. Maza ◽  
Oscar J. Mujica ◽  
PAHO Strategic Plan Advisory Group ◽  
PAHO Technical Team
Keyword(s):  
Disease Control ◽  
Priority Setting ◽  
Strategic Plan ◽  
World Health ◽  
Health Programs ◽  
Advisory Group ◽  
Member States ◽  
Control Programs ◽  
Pan American ◽  
Health Organization

Objectives. To document the underlying science of how the Pan American Health Organization (PAHO) adapted the Hanlon method, which prioritizes disease control programs, to its wider range of program areas and used it to implement the PAHO Strategic Plan 2014 – 2019. Methods. In 2014, PAHO established a Strategic Plan Advisory Group (SPAG) with representatives from 12 Member States to work closely with the PAHO Technical Team to adapt the Hanlon method to disease and non-disease control programs. Three meetings were held in 2015 – 2016 during which SPAG reviewed existing priority-setting methods, assessed the original Hanlon method and subsequent revisions, and developed the adapted method. This project was initiated by Member States, facilitated by PAHO, and conducted jointly in transparent and horizontal technical cooperation. Results. From the original Hanlon equation, the PAHO-adapted method maintains components A (size of problem), B (seriousness of problem), and C (effectiveness of intervention), drops component D (PEARL – Propriety, Economics, Acceptability, Resources, and Legality), and adds component E (inequity) and F (institutional positioning). The PEARL score was dropped because it serves a purpose for pre-screening process, but not in the priority-setting process for PAHO. Conclusions. The PAHO-adapted Hanlon method provides a refined approach for prioritizing public health programs that include disease and non-disease control areas. The method may be useful for the World Health Organization and country governments with similar needs.

scholarly journals The politics of crisis management by regional and international organizations in fighting against a global pandemic: the member states at a crossroads

2021 ◽  
pp. 002085232098451
Author(s):  
Steven Van Hecke ◽  
Harald Fuhr ◽  
Wouter Wolfs
Keyword(s):  
Crisis Management ◽  
International Organizations ◽  
Governance Structure ◽  
Added Value ◽  
World Health ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Member States ◽  
Global Pandemic ◽  
Turbulent Times ◽  
Health Organization

Despite new challenges like climate change and digitalization, global and regional organizations recently went through turbulent times due to a lack of support from several of their member states. Next to this crisis of multilateralism, the COVID-19 pandemic now seems to question the added value of international organizations for addressing global governance issues more specifically. This article analyses this double challenge that several organizations are facing and compares their ways of managing the crisis by looking at their institutional and political context, their governance structure, and their behaviour during the pandemic until June 2020. More specifically, it will explain the different and fragmented responses of the World Health Organization, the European Union and the International Monetary Fund/World Bank. With the aim of understanding the old and new problems that these international organizations are trying to solve, this article argues that the level of autonomy vis-a-vis the member states is crucial for understanding the politics of crisis management. Points for practitioners As intergovernmental bodies, international organizations require authorization by their member states. Since they also need funding for their operations, different degrees of autonomy also matter for reacting to emerging challenges, such as the COVID-19 pandemic. The potential for international organizations is limited, though through proactive and bold initiatives, they can seize the opportunity of the crisis and partly overcome institutional and political constraints.

Profile of Medical Education in Latin America

1971 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-59 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. C. García
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Medical Education ◽  
Latin America ◽  
Human Resources ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Human Resources Development ◽  
Health Manpower ◽  
American Schools ◽  
Pan American ◽  
Health Organization

Preliminary results of a study on medical education in Latin America carried out by the Department of Human Resources Development of the Pan American Health Organization are given in this article. Each of the Latin American schools of medicine existing at the end of 1967 and at the beginning of 1968 was visited by a researcher for approximately seven days. During this period specially prepared questionnaires were completed. An analysis of the data reveals the presence of three types of imbalances: (1) imbalance between the system of secondary education and that of medical education, (2) internal imbalance between the system of higher education and medical education, and (3) imbalance between the system of health services and that of medical education. The study of the data compiled may serve as a basis for the proposal of activities leading to harmonious development of the health manpower sector.

2019 LIMA DECLARATION

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 87-90
Author(s):  
James Appleyard
Keyword(s):  
Latin American ◽  
National University ◽  
San Marcos ◽  
International College ◽  
Pan American ◽  
Health Organization

This Declaration has emanated from the Latin American Conference on Person-Centered Medicine, held in Lima-Peru on December 13 and 14, 2019, organized by the Peruvian Association of Person Centered Medicine (APEMCP), the Latin American Network of Person Centered Medicine (RLMCP), and the International College of Person Centered Medicine (ICPCM); under the auspices of the Peruvian Association of Faculties of Medicine (ASPEFAM), the Pan American Health Organization (PAHO / WHO), and the San Marcos National University (UNMSM).

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