scholarly journals Cytotoxicity assays as tools to assess water quality in the Sinos River basin

2015 ◽  
Vol 75 (2 suppl) ◽  
pp. 75-80 ◽  
Author(s):  
L Trintinaglia ◽  
E Bianchi ◽  
LB Silva ◽  
CA Nascimento ◽  
FR Spilki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
River Basin ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Culture Medium ◽  
Culture Media ◽  
Neutral Red ◽  
Mitochondrial Activity ◽  
Preparation Methods ◽  
Cytotoxicity Assays ◽  
Standard Culture

<p>Cytotoxicity assays using cell cultures may be an alternative to assess biological toxicity of surface waters and may help to improve the control of water quality. This study compared two methods to prepare culture media for the exposure of Hep-2 cells to water samples collected from the Rolante River, an important affluent of the Sinos River. The toxicity was evaluated using the MTT and neutral red assays. Two methods were used to prepare culture media. In method 1, the sample was diluted at 1:1, 1:10, 1:100, 1:1000, 1:10.000 (v/v, sample/medium) in a standard culture medium; in method 2, water samples were used as the solvent for the culture medium, which was prepared at concentrations of 100, 80, 60, 40 and 20%. Semi-confluent cultures were then exposed to the media test for 24 hours, and cytotoxicity was determined immediately using the MTT and NR assays. Mitochondrial activity (MTT) was significantly lower at all concentrations in both methods, except at 1:1000 in method 1. However, the lysosome viability (NR) results revealed cytotoxicity only in the 1:1 sample of method 1. Both culture preparation methods were efficient and sensitive to the MTT assay, but method 2 seemed to be more adequate for the NR assay. The Rolante River has cytotoxic contaminants to Hep-2 cells, which may be one of the explanations for the poor water quality of the Sinos River basin.</p>

scholarly journals Original Article. Toxicity of Glandularia selloi (Spreng.) Tronc. leave extract by MTT and neutral red assays: influence of the test medium procedure

2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-29 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luciana Rizzieri Figueiró ◽  
Luana Christine Comerlato ◽  
Marcia Vignoli Da Silva ◽  
José Ângelo Silveira Zuanazzi ◽  
Gilsane Lino Von Poser ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Plant Extracts ◽  
Culture Medium ◽  
Methanol Extract ◽  
Culture Media ◽  
Vero Cells ◽  
Neutral Red ◽  
Test Medium ◽  
Cellular Functions ◽  
Cytotoxicity Assays

Abstract Cytotoxicity assays using cell cultures may be an alternative to assess biological toxicity of plant extracts with potential phytotherapeutic properties. This study compared three methods to prepare culture media for the exposure of Vero cells to plant extracts. Leaves of Glandularia selloi (Spreng.) Tronc. were used to prepare culture medium with aqueous extract, extract in culture medium and methanol extract. Toxicity was assessed using the MTT and neutral red (NR) assays. In general, alterations in the cellular functions were found in all extracts and assays. Cytotoxic effect occurred at lower doses in aqueous extract and the range of effect of the methanol extract was small. The procedure of preparing the test medium has an effect on the outcome of the assay. Cytotoxicity of plant extract can be assessed by MTT and NR assays. Aqueous extract added to the culture medium presented the best profile to assess cytotoxicity.

Indirect Cytotoxicity Evaluation of Silver Doped Bioglass Ag-S70C30 on Human Primary Keratinocytes

2005 ◽  
Vol 284-286 ◽  
pp. 431-434 ◽  
Author(s):  
U. Lohbauer ◽  
G. Jell ◽  
Priya Saravanapavan ◽  
Julian R. Jones ◽  
Larry L. Hench
Keyword(s):  
Cell Viability ◽  
Glass Powder ◽  
Culture Medium ◽  
Neutral Red ◽  
Epidermal Keratinocytes ◽  
Mitochondrial Activity ◽  
Human Epidermal Keratinocytes ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Healing Agent ◽  
Gel Glasses

Bioactive gel-glasses, such as the silver-doped Ag-S70C30 glass, can be used to modify the inflammatory response in a local body compartment such as in acne lesions and in nonhealing dermal wounds. In this study, the cytotoxicity of soluble silver, calcium and silica ions on human epidermal keratinocytes was investigated by measurements of mitochondrial activity (MTT assay) and neutral red dye uptake (NR assay). Ag-S70C30 extracts were prepared by soaking glass powder in complete culture medium at concentrations of 1 mg/ml and 2 mg/ml (mg of glass powder per ml of culture medium). Silver concentrations for both concentrations of approximately 1 ppm were detected by inductive coupled plasma analysis (ICP). No negative effect on the cell viability was measured for an initial gel-glass concentration of 1 mg/ml and for the two shortest extraction times at a concentration of 2 mg/ml. Based on the results from MTT/ NR assays, a pH rise of approximately one unit had no negative effect on the NHEK-A cell viability. This preliminary study on keratinocyte viability merits future investigations on silver bioglass as a novel antimicrobial wound healing agent.

scholarly journals Groundwater Quality Assessment for Irrigation: Case Study in the Blinaja River Basin, Kosovo

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (9) ◽  
pp. 1515-1528
Author(s):  
Hazir S. Çadraku
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
River Basin ◽  
Irrigation Water ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Agricultural Crops ◽  
Irrigation Water Quality ◽  
Quality Of Water ◽  
Kelly’S Ratio

Groundwater is an important source for a drink and irrigation in the Blinaja river basin. Understanding knowledge of irrigation water quality is critical to the management of water for long-term productivity. Historically for this study area there is no data and information regarding the quality and use of water for irrigation needs. Therefore, there was a need to assess water quality based on data analysed from eight sampling points. The purpose of this paper is to evaluate, relying on analytical results, the quality of groundwater in the Blinaja river basin for the purpose of its use for irrigation of agricultural crops. For this purpose, in the Blinaja River Basin in different months during 2015, 2016, 2018 and 2019, 28 water samples were taken to assess the quality of groundwater for irrigation. Water samples were analysed in a laboratory for some of the key quality indicators; pH, EC, hardness (TH), Ca, Mg, Na, K, HCO3, SO4, Cl, etc. and then irrigation water quality indices were calculated such as: percentage of Na (% Na), SAR (Sodium Adsorption Ratio), PI (Permeability index), KR (Kelly's ratio), etc. The overall objective of this study was to assess the quality of water to be used by the inhabitants of the area for irrigation of agricultural crops. Analytical procedures for the laboratory determinations of water quality have been given in several publications (USDA Handbook 60 by Richards, 1954; FAO Soils Bulletin 10 by Dewis and Freitas1970; APHA 2005). Doi: 10.28991/cej-2021-03091740 Full Text: PDF

scholarly journals Evaluation of genotoxicity and cytotoxicity of water samples from the Sinos River Basin, southern Brazil

2015 ◽  
Vol 75 (2 suppl) ◽  
pp. 68-74 ◽  
Author(s):  
E Bianchi ◽  
A Goldoni ◽  
L Trintinaglia ◽  
G Lessing ◽  
CEM Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Comet Assay ◽  
River Basin ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Micronucleus Test ◽  
Vero Cells ◽  
Neutral Red ◽  
Genetic Damage ◽  
Middle Section ◽  
Genotoxic Compounds

<p>Some water bodies in the Sinos River Basin (SRB) have been suffering the effects of pollution by residential, industrial and agroindustrial wastewater. The presence of cytotoxic and genotoxic compounds could compromise the water quality and the balance of these ecosystems. In this context, the research aimed to evaluate the genotoxicity and cytotoxicity of the water at four sites along the SRB (in the cities of Santo Antônio da Patrulha, Parobé, Campo Bom and Esteio), using bioassays in fish and cell culture. Samples of surface water were collected and evaluated <italic>in vitro</italic> using the <italic>Astyanax jacuhiensis</italic> fish species (micronucleus test and comet assay) and the Vero lineage of cells (comet assay and cytotoxicity tests, neutral red - NR and tetrazolium MTT). The micronucleus test in fish showed no significant differences between the sampling sites, and neither did the comet assay and the MTT and NR tests in Vero cells. The comet assay showed an increase in genetic damage in the fish exposed to water samples collected in the middle and lower sections of the basin (Parobé, Campo Bom and Esteio) when compared to the upper section of the basin (Santo Antônio da Patrulha). The results indicate contamination by genotoxic substances starting in the middle section of the SRB.</p>

Alteration of extracellular cation concentrations and ratios in culture medium does not affect first cleavage division of hamster zygotes in vitro nor overcome the 'two-cell block'

1989 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 231 ◽  
Author(s):  
BD Bavister ◽  
M Golden
Keyword(s):  
Culture Medium ◽  
Culture Media ◽  
Cell Block ◽  
Cleavage Division ◽  
Cell Stage ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Standard Culture ◽  
Simple Medium

In vivo fertilized hamster one-cell eggs (embryos) were cultured in a simple medium that was modified to provide a wide range of concentrations and ratios of the four major cation components (sodium, potassium, calcium and magnesium) while maintaining total osmotic pressure at 290 +/- 5 mosm. Embryos were cultured in these media to find the optimum cation concentrations for supporting the first cleavage division in vitro and to determine if physiologically abnormal cation concentrations and/or ratios in standard culture media could account for the 'two-cell block' to development in vitro in this species. Despite using a broad range of ratios for sodium:potassium (from 45:1 to 5:1) and for calcium:magnesium (from 17:1 to 1:1), there were no significant differences in the proportions of fertilized eggs that underwent the first cleavage division (approx. 60-80% across all treatments), and none of the two-cell embryos underwent further cleavage during extended culture. These data demonstrate that the first cleavage division of hamster embryos in vitro is insensitive to extracellular concentrations and ratios of the major cations, and that the non-physiological concentrations and/or ratios of these cations in the culture medium are not the primary reason for the failure of hamster zygotes to develop past the two-cell stage in vitro.

scholarly journals Water quality status of groundwater and municipal water supply (tap water) from Bagmati river basin in Kathmandu valley, Nepal

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pabitra Bhandari ◽  
Megha Raj Banjara ◽  
Anjana Singh ◽  
Samikshya Kandel ◽  
Deepa Shree Rawal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
River Basin ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Tap Water ◽  
Kathmandu Valley ◽  
Municipal Water Supply ◽  
Tube Well ◽  
Bagmati River

Abstract Poor waste management in the Kathmandu valley has deteriorated the water quality of surface and groundwater sources. The objective of this study was to assess the status of water quality (WQ) in drinking water sources of groundwater and municipal supply (tap water) from the Bagmati river basin in Kathmandu valley. A total of 52 water samples from deep tube-well, tube-well, dug-well, and tap water were collected and analyzed for physical, chemical, and microbiological parameters using standard methods. The results revealed that chloride, total hardness (TH), copper, nitrate, sulfate, and turbidity were within the recommendations of the National Drinking Water Quality Standard (NDWQS). Total coliform (TC) bacteria in 84.6% of the samples exceeded drinking water guidelines. Similarly, the isolates of different enteric bacteria, namely Escherichia coli (21.5%), Citrobacter spp. (20.9%), Klebsiella spp. (19.8%), Proteus spp. (13.9%), Enterobacter spp. (8.72%), Salmonella spp. (5.8%), Shigella spp. (5.2%), and Pseudomonas (4.1%) were identified in the samples collected from the respective sources. Out of the 52 water samples, 7.7% of samples had fecal contamination of somatic coliphage. The groundwater and municipal water supply in the study area are not safe for drinking purposes. Treatment of water is required before its use for household applications.

Antimicrobial Treatment of Dental Osseous Defects with Silver Doped Bioglass: Osteoblast Cell Response

2005 ◽  
Vol 284-286 ◽  
pp. 435-438 ◽  
Author(s):  
U. Lohbauer ◽  
G. Jell ◽  
Priya Saravanapavan ◽  
Julian R. Jones ◽  
Larry L. Hench
Keyword(s):  
Cell Viability ◽  
Culture Medium ◽  
Bactericidal Effect ◽  
Neutral Red ◽  
Antimicrobial Treatment ◽  
Mitochondrial Activity ◽  
Graft Material ◽  
Human Osteoblasts ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Silver Dissolution

In dentistry, chronic periodontitis often leads to bone resorption together with an increasing risk of bacteremia. Bioactive glass has found extensive application as dental graft material. A successful antimicrobial bactericidal effect has been shown from the introduction of Ag2O into the glass composition. In this study, the cytotoxicity of soluble silver, calcium and silica ions on primary human osteoblasts was investigated by measurements of mitochondrial activity and neutral red dye uptake. Silver concentrations of 4 - 6 ppm (1 mg/ml conc.) and 6 - 9 ppm (2 mg/ml conc.) have been measured in complete culture medium. It was found that the bioactive gel-glass extract with an initial concentration of 1 mg/ml (1mg glass per ml of culture medium) has no negative effect, whereas increased gel-glass concentration of 2 mg/ml seemed to have a toxic effect on the cell viability of human osteoblasts. It might be concluded that a reduction of the rate of silver dissolution from the bioactive gel-glass might preserve a maximum cell viability.

scholarly journals EVALUATION OF THE EFFECTIVENESS OF TEST-SYSTEMS FOR RAPID IMPLEMENTATION OF SANITARY-BACTERIOLOGICAL ANALYSIS OF WATER

2019 ◽  
Vol 96 (11) ◽  
pp. 1109-1114
Author(s):  
L. V. Ivanova ◽  
T. Z. Artemova ◽  
Angelica V. Zagaynova ◽  
E. K. Gipp ◽  
T. N. Maksimkina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Oxidase Activity ◽  
Comparative Evaluation ◽  
Culture Media ◽  
Contaminated Water ◽  
Test Systems ◽  
Detection And Identification ◽  
The Russian Federation

There was executed the assessment of the method of the detection and identification of sanitary-indicative microorganisms in water samples with the use of test systems IDEXX manufactured by IDEXX Laboratories, Inc (USA), based on the use of chromogenic culture media and reagents in accordance with the methodology developed by the manufacturer. IDEXX method was found not to be inferior to the reference methods of water analysis applied in Russia and in international practice. Comparative evaluation of crops showed the consistency of results, as in the study of contaminated water with natural microbiocenoses and water modeling of water bodies, contaminated by daily cultures test microganisms. The method allows reduce time of an analysis due to the exclusion of the biochemical reactions (oxidase activity, fermentation of carbohydrates, formation of indole, etc.) needed to determine species of microorganisms, and to obtain the final result of the analysis after 24 hours. On the basis of obtained results test systems IDEXX Laboratories (USA) may be applied on the territory of the Russian Federation for the assessment of water quality according to sanitary-microbiological indices

Investigation of Some Water Quality Parameters of Pond Water under Mymensingh Municipality

2015 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 85-89
Author(s):  
F Zannat ◽  
MA Ali ◽  
MA Sattar
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Pond Water ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Water Quality Parameters ◽  
Urban Region ◽  
Mn Toxicity ◽  
Ph Values ◽  
Drinking Water Standard

A study was conducted to evaluate the water quality parameters of pond water at Mymensingh Urban region. The water samples were collected from 30 ponds located at Mymensingh Urban Region during August to October 2010. The chemical analyses of water samples included pH, EC, Na, K, Ca, S, Mn and As were done by standard methods. The chemical properties in pond water were found pH 6.68 to 7.14, EC 227 to 700 ?Scm-1, Na 15.57 to 36.00 ppm, K 3.83 to 16.16 ppm, Ca 2.01 to 7.29 ppm, S 1.61 to 4.67 ppm, Mn 0.33 to 0.684 ppm and As 0.0011 to 0.0059 ppm. The pH values of water samples revealed that water samples were acidic to slightly alkaline in nature. The EC value revealed that water samples were medium salinity except one sample and also good for irrigation. According to drinking water standard Mn toxicity was detected in pond water. Considering Na, Ca and S ions pond water was safe for irrigation and aquaculture. In case of K ion, all the samples were suitable for irrigation but unsuitable for aquaculture.J. Environ. Sci. & Natural Resources, 8(1): 85-89 2015

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