In vitro effects of Melaleuca alternifolia essential oil on growth and production of volatile sulphur compounds by oral bacteria

Halitosis is associated with the excessive production of acid and volatile sulphur compounds (VSCs), as well as accumulation of biofilm plaque by oral bacteria in mouth cavity. Zanthoxylum acanthopodium, locally known as andaliman or lemon pepper, is an Indonesian endemic spice with high content of essential oils, including carveol that has been reported for its potential antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory activities. We determined whether extract of Z. acanthopodium essential oil (ZAEO) exerted anti-halitosis effect on reducing biofilm plaque, acid production, and VSCs by using Actinomyces viscosus model in vitro. ZAEO was extracted in n-hexane followed by evaporation. ZAEO at various doses (20-100 µg/ml) was tested and quantified for its antibiofilm, acid production, and total VSCs production toward A. viscosus oral bacteria in vitro by conducting biofilm assays for preventing and eradicating effects, pH-stat analysis, and VSCs assay. At lowest dose (20 µg/ml), ZAEO inhibited and removed >50% of A. viscosus biofilms. A. viscosus was able to produce acid rapidly in 20 minutes, resulting in the pH terminal of 5.57, and ZAEO treatment at 40 µg/ml exerted significant inhibition on acid production with the terminal pH of 5.93, respectively. ZAEO at lowest dose also reduced >50% of total VCSs produced by A. viscosus. Our results suggest that ZAEO extract could be applied as a natural ingredient for halitosis treatment.

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Syzygium aromaticum essential oil prevents halitosis caused by oral bacteria Streptococcus sanguinis

Food Research ◽

10.26656/fr.2017.3(6).175 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 814-820 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Yanti ◽

S. Juniardi ◽

B.W. Lay

Keyword(s):

Essential Oil ◽

Oral Care ◽

Oral Bacteria ◽

Significant Inhibition ◽

Syzygium Aromaticum ◽

Sulphur Compounds ◽

Pyrolysis Gas ◽

Streptococcus Sanguinis ◽

Oral Biofilms

Halitosis is caused by oral bacteria including Streptococcus sanguinis in mouth producing volatile sulphur compounds (VSCs), such as hydrogen sulfide, ethyl mercaptan, and methyl mercaptan which have pungent odor. Bacteria producing sulphur compounds produce oral biofilms as the accumulation of caries promotion. Caries is caused by the acid produced by oral bacteria that lead to tooth demineralization in low pH condition. Clove bud (Syzygium aromaticum), known as endogenous spice in Indonesia, has been traditionally used for centuries for treatment of periondal diseases. In this study, we extracted essential oil from Syzygium aromaticum (SAEO), identifed for its major essential oils by pyrolysis gas chromatograpy mass spectrometry (py-GC/MS), determined its antihalitosis efficacy on preventing and eradicating S. sanguinis oral biofilms, inhibiting VSCs and acid production in vitro. Chromatogram profile showed that SAEO contained major eugenol (22.10%) and aceteugenol (13.31%). For antibiofilm effect toward oral bacteria S. sanguinis, SAEO at 40 and 60 μg/mL effectively prevented biofilm formation up to 60% and removed the existed biofilms up to 50%. SAEO at 60 μg/mL also demonstrated a significant inhibition on VSCs production (up to 58%) and acid produced by S. sanguinis by increasing the terminal pH from 5.66 to 6.30. These data suggest that SAEO could be applied for a promising candidate for developing oral care functional products for management of halitosis.

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In-vitro effects of Thymus munbyanus essential oil and thymol on human sperm motility and function

Reproductive BioMedicine Online ◽

10.1016/j.rbmo.2015.06.011 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 31 (3) ◽

pp. 411-420 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Amirouche Chikhoune ◽

Laurence Stouvenel ◽

Mokrane Iguer-Ouada ◽

Mohamed Hazzit ◽

Alain Schmitt ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Essential Oil ◽

Sperm Motility ◽

Human Sperm ◽

In Vitro Effects ◽

And Function

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Effect of an essential oil-containing antiseptic mouthrinse on induction of platelet aggregation by oral bacteria in vitro

Journal Of Clinical Periodontology ◽

10.1034/j.1600-051x.2000.027005370.x ◽

2000 ◽

Vol 27 (5) ◽

pp. 370-373 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

E. J. Whitaker ◽

K. Pham ◽

D. Feik ◽

T. E. Rams ◽

M. L. Barnett ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Platelet Aggregation ◽

Essential Oil ◽

Oral Bacteria

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In vitro effects of Artemisia dracunculus essential oil on ruminal and abomasal smooth muscle in sheep

Comparative Clinical Pathology ◽

10.1007/s00580-010-1155-6 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 21 (5) ◽

pp. 673-680 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Ghader Jalilzadeh-Amin ◽

Massoud Maham ◽

Bahram Dalir-Naghadeh ◽

Farshad Kheiri

Keyword(s):

Smooth Muscle ◽

Essential Oil ◽

Artemisia Dracunculus ◽

In Vitro Effects

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Formulation of a Semisolid Emulsion Containing Leptospermum scoparium Essential Oil and Evaluation of In Vitro Antimicrobial and Antibiofilm Efficacy

Planta Medica ◽

10.1055/a-1330-8765 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Gemma C. Porter ◽

Syarida H. Safii ◽

Natalie J. Medlicott ◽

Warwick J. Duncan ◽

Geoffrey R. Tompkins ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Essential Oil ◽

Laser Scanning ◽

Oral Bacteria ◽

Laser Scanning Microscopy ◽

Confocal Laser ◽

Minimal Bactericidal Concentration ◽

Apoptotic Pathway ◽

Oil Emulsion ◽

Leptospermum Scoparium

AbstractManuka oil, an essential oil derived from the Leptospermum scoparium, has been traditionally used for wound care and as a topical antibacterial, antifungal, and anti-inflammatory. However, the essential oil is not well retained at mucosal sites, such as the oral cavity, where the benefits of the aforementioned properties could be utilized toward the treatment of persistent biofilms. Within this study, L. scoparium essential oil was incorporated into a semisolid emulsion for improved delivery. The safety profile of L. scoparium essential oil on human gingival fibroblasts was determined via cell viability, cytotoxicity, and caspase activation. The minimal bactericidal concentration of L. scoparium essential oil was determined, and the emulsionʼs antibiofilm effects visualized using confocal laser scanning microscopy. L. scoparium essential oil demonstrated a lower IC50 (0.02% at 48 h) when compared to the clinical control chlorhexidine (0.002% at 48 h) and displayed lower cumulative cytotoxicity. Higher concentrations of L. scoparium essential oil (≥ 0.1%) at 6 h resulted in higher caspase 3/7 activation, suggesting an apoptotic pathway of cell death. A minimal bactericidal concentration of 0.1% w/w was observed for 6 oral bacteria and 0.01% w/v for Porphyromonas gingivalis. Textural and rheometric analysis indicated increased stability of emulsion with a 1 : 3 ratio of L. scoparium essential oil: Oryza sativa carrier oil. The optimized 5% w/w L. scoparium essential oil emulsion showed increased bactericidal penetrative effects on Streptococci gordonii biofilms compared to oil alone and to chlorhexidine controls. This study has demonstrated the safety, formulation, and antimicrobial activity of L. scoparium essential oil emulsion for potential antibacterial applications at mucosal sites.

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ANTIBACTERIAL POTENTIAL OF ESSENTIAL OILS DERIVED FROM NATURAL, CALLUS AND IN-VITRO PROPAGATED SOURCES OF MELALEUCA ALTERNIFOLIA AGAINST COMMON BACTERIAL PATHOGENS

International Journal of Current Pharmaceutical Research ◽

10.22159/ijcpr.2021v13i3.42081 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 4-10

Author(s):

JEYAKANI M. ◽

KUMARI NIRMALA A. ◽

RAJALAKSHMI M.

Keyword(s):

Essential Oil ◽

Dna Fragmentation ◽

Inhibitory Concentration ◽

Diffusion Method ◽

Melaleuca Alternifolia ◽

Bacterial Cultures ◽

Morphological Studies ◽

Agar Disc ◽

Antibacterial Potential

Objective: Melaleuca alternifolia (M. alternifolia) and its essential oil (EO) fractions have been used widely and traditionally in the treatment of various infectious diseases and hence its antibacterial potential is investigated in the present study. Methods: The antibacterial activity was studied through the agar disc diffusion method and broth dilution method, DNA fragmentation studies and confocal microscopy morphological studies were done. In-silico molecular interaction was studied against microbial target using docking software. Results: The inhibitory concentration of the EOs was recorded at 75% dilution with larger inhibition zones. The DNA fragmentation analyzed in the essential oil derived from in-vitro propagated leaves (EOIPL) of M. alternifolia treated bacterial cultures was compared with negative and positive controls. In Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) of EOIPL treated Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) showed time-dependent growth inhibition. The DNA content in the EOIPL treated bacterial cultures was comparatively less than in control cultures. The cell morphology changes of S. aureus cells were studied through confocal laser scanning microscopic analysis which showed a significant decrease in viable bacterial cells. The active component, terpinen-4-ol docked to autolysin receptor revealed stable interaction with the microbial target. Conclusion: Thus EOIPL was explored to possess bactericidal activity against common infectious bacteria and could in incorporated in therapeutic natural antibiotic formulations as with future studies.

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The application of tea tree essential oil in dentistry

Stomatoloski glasnik Srbije ◽

10.2298/sgs0702106m ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 54 (2) ◽

pp. 106-114

Author(s):

D. Markovic ◽

B. Mirkovic ◽

T. Jovanovic ◽

A. Knezevic ◽

T. Nastovski

Keyword(s):

Essential Oil ◽

Essential Oils ◽

Fusobacterium Nucleatum ◽

Viral Diseases ◽

Prevotella Intermedia ◽

Tea Tree Oil ◽

Melaleuca Alternifolia ◽

Tea Tree ◽

Plant Substances

Essential oils are widely used in medicine, dentistry and cosmetology as flavour and odour corrigents in various substances for oral hygiene. The aim of this study was to present comprehensively the possibilities for application of Melaleuca Alternifolia essential oil in dentistry based on the analysis of contemporary scientific and professional publications. The application of Tea tree essential oil in the treatment of periodontal, fungal and viral diseases is very efficient. The study of antimicrobial potential of ten different essential oils confirmed the efficiency of Tea tree oil against numerous Gram+ and Gram- bacteria. In vitro studies of bacteriostatic, bactericidal and fungicidal effect of Tea tree oil solution against ten different microorganisms confirmed sensitivity of the following microorganisms: Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans, Fusobacterium nucleatum and Porphyromonas gingivalis, and slightly weaker effect against Streptococcus Mutans and Prevotella intermedia. Tea tree is very effective in the treatment of various diseases and is an introduction and momentum for the application of plant substances in the treatment of numerous diseases in dentistry. .

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