scholarly journals Ankle-brachial Index and associated factors in individuals with coronary artery disease

2020 ◽  
Vol 66 (4) ◽  
pp. 407-413
Author(s):  
Saulo Henrique Salgueiro de Aquino ◽  
Isabelle Tenório Melo ◽  
Carlos Dornels Freire de Souza ◽  
Francisco de Assis Costa
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Coronary Artery Disease ◽  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Family History ◽  
Ankle Brachial Index ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
History Of ◽  
Artery Disease

SUMMARY OBJECTIVE Analyzing the association between ABI and the main risk factors for coronary artery disease in coronary patients. METHODS Were selected 156 adult patients from a hospital in Maceió, Alagoas. Were evaluated with risk factors age, obesity, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, smoking, and dyslipidemia. PAOD screening was performed by the ankle-brachial index (ABI). The Mann-Whitney, chi-square, and Fisher’s exact tests were used. Confidence Interval of 95% and a significance of 5%. RESULTS 67.3% (n=105) males, 52.6% (n=82) elderly, 23.1% (n = 34) obese, 72.4% 6% (n=113) hypertensive, 34.6% (n=54) diabetics, 53.2% (n=83) smokers, 34.6% (n=54) dyslipidemic and 70.5% (n=110) with a family history of CAD. 16.7% (n=26) of the individuals presented PAOD. Three factors were associated with PAOD: age group ≥ 60 years (OR:3.656; p=0.005), diabetes mellitus (OR:2.625; p=0.024) and hypertension (OR:5.528; p=0.008). No significant difference was observed in the variables smoking, dyslipidemia, family history of CAD, and obesity. CONCLUSION The independent risk factors for PAOD were age, diabetes mellitus, and systemic arterial hypertension.

Risk Factors for Coronary Artery Disease in Patients Undergoing Coronary Angiogram at a Tertiary Level Hospital in Nepal

2022 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeetendra Mishra ◽  
Achutanand Lal Karn ◽  
Alok Kumar Singh ◽  
Asraf Hussain ◽  
Ramji Ram ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Coronary Artery Disease ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Family History ◽  
Coronary Arteries ◽  
History Of ◽  
Premature Cad ◽  
Artery Disease

Background: Ischemic heart disease is the leading cause of CVD health loss globally, as well as in each world region, followed by stroke.  In Nepal, CVD was found to be the second most common non-communicable disease among indoor patients of the non-specialist hospital. Age, gender, smoking, obesity, dyslipidemia, physical inactivity, hypertension, and diabetes mellitus (DM) are established risk factors for CVD.  In Nepal, hypertension is found to be the most prevalent risk factor for CVD. Aims and Objectives: This study aimed to assess risk factors for coronary artery disease in patients undergoing coronary angiograms in Nepal. This study also investigated the socio-demographic characteristics of the participants and the nature of the involvement of coronary arteries. Materials and Methods: We examined in this cross-sectional study a total of 74 patients who underwent coronary angiography (CAG) at National Medical College between May 2020 and June 2021. Patients were grouped according to the number of major epicardial coronary arteries involved in SVD, DVD, and TVD. Patients were checked for risk factors like smoking, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, dyslipidemia, family history of coronary artery disease, and obesity. Microsoft Office Excel and SPSS version 21.0 were used for data analysis. The study was approved by the ethical committee. Results: Among 74 participants 53 were male. The mean age was 59.65±10.74 years. Premature coronary artery disease was present in six patients. SVD was the commonest CAD type. Hypertension was the commonest risk factor followed by Diabetes mellitus. Hypertension, Diabetes mellitus, Family history of premature CAD, and obesity were found to be statistically significant. Keywords: CAD, Risk factors for CAD, Premature CAD, Hypertension, Diabetes, obesity, family history of CAD, dyslipidemia, Smoking, SVD, DVD, TVD, Nepal

scholarly journals The relapse of coronary artery disease in patients with diabetes mellitus at Dr. Ramelan Navy Hospital, Surabaya, Indonesia

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Priyo Mukti Pribadi Winoto ◽  
Ahsan Ahsan ◽  
Tina Handayani Nasution
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Coronary Artery Disease ◽  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
P Value ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
History Of ◽  
Artery Disease ◽  
Chi Square Analysis

The patients with coronary artery disease are susceptible to experience the relapse so that the control towards the risk factors of coronary artery disease is needed such as a history of hypertension, dyslipidemia, suffering from diabetes mellitus, medication adherence, and history of obesity. This study aimed at knowing the relationship between the risk factor of diabetes mellitus and the relapse of coronary artery disease. This study was an analytical observation by using retrospective cohort. The total respondent was 189 people taken by using purposive sampling technique. The finding showed that nearly all patients (82.5%) did not suffer from diabetes mellitus, and most of them (72.5%) experienced the relapse of CAD. The result of the chi-square analysis showed that the p-value of 0.009 < α = 0.05, indicating a significant relationship between Diabetes Mellitus and the relapse of coronary artery disease. The patient with diabetes mellitus has a higher risk of experiencing the relapse of CAD. The nurse should concern and control the risk factors of coronary artery disease that affects the relapse.

Are hypertensive patients with history of coronary artery disease at risk for silent lower extremity artery disease?

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Eka Prasetya Budi Mulia ◽  
Kevin Yuwono ◽  
Raden Mohammad Budiarto
Keyword(s):  
Coronary Artery Disease ◽  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Lower Extremity ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Ankle Brachial Index ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Hypertensive Patients ◽  
History Of ◽  
Artery Disease ◽  
Lower Extremity Artery Disease

Abstract Objectives We aimed to investigate the association between hypertension and asymptomatic lower extremity artery disease (LEAD) in outpatients with known history of coronary artery disease (CAD). Methods Patients with known history of CAD who have been undergone coronary angiography and have significant coronary artery stenosis (more than 60%) were included. LEAD was defined as ankle-brachial index (ABI) < 0.9 in either leg. The risk of LEAD in hypertensive group was analyzed using chi-square test, and correlation between blood pressure (BP) and ABI was analyzed using Pearson correlation test in SPSS v.25. Results One hundred and four patients were included. 82.7% of patients were male. Mean age was 57.05 ± 7.97. The prevalence of hypertension was 35.6%, and the prevalence of LEAD was 16.3%. A higher proportion of LEAD was found in hypertensive (18.9%) compared to non-hypertensive (14.9%), although not statistically significant (OR: 1.33; 95% CI: 0.46 to 3.85; p=0.598). There was an association between ABI and systolic BP (p=0.016), but not with diastolic BP (p=0.102). Conclusions Our study showed that the prevalence of LEAD in hypertension, especially in the CAD population, is relatively high. There was no association between hypertension and LEAD, but a higher prevalence of LEAD was found in hypertensive patients. Nevertheless, LEAD screening is still recommended in hypertensive patients, especially in the CAD population, given the fact that outcomes of health and mortality are worse for those with concomitants of these diseases.

scholarly journals Risk factors for atherosclerosis in children and adolescents with family history of premature coronary artery disease

10.2223/1153 ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 80 (2) ◽  
pp. 135-140 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ceres C. Romaldini ◽  
Hugo Issler ◽  
Ary L. Cardoso ◽  
Jayme Diament ◽  
Neusa Forti
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Coronary Artery Disease ◽  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Family History ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Premature Coronary Artery Disease ◽  
History Of ◽  
Artery Disease

scholarly journals Relationship between the Severity of Coronary Artery Disease and Cardiovascular Risk Factors in Acute Coronary Syndrome: Based on Tehran Heart Center’s Data Registry

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Negar Omidi ◽  
Saeed Sadeghian ◽  
Mojtaba Salarifar ◽  
Arash Jalali ◽  
Seyed Hesameddin Abbasi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Coronary Artery Disease ◽  
Acute Coronary Syndrome ◽  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Family History ◽  
Gensini Score ◽  
Coronary Syndrome ◽  
Artery Disease

Background: Acute coronary syndrome (ACS) is one of the main causes of mortality worldwide. We sought to evaluate the correlation between the severity of coronary artery disease (CAD) and conventional coronary artery risk factors in a large cohort of patients with ACS. Methods: This study included all patients admitted to the coronary care unit with a diagnosis of ACS between 2003 and 2017. The patients were divided into 2 groups: 1) unstable angina and 2) myocardial infarction. The aims of this study were to evaluate the effects of the risk factors and extension of coronary artery stenosis in patients with ACS according to the Gensini score. Results: Of a total 40 319 patients who presented with ACS, 18 862 patients (mean age =60.4±11.14 y, male: 67.2%) underwent conventional coronary angiography and met our criteria to enter the final analysis. The median of the Gensini score was 50 (25–88) in the study population. The multivariable analysis showed that age, sex, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, dyslipidemia, family history, cigarette smoking, opium consumption, and myocardial infarction increased the risk of positive Gensini scores. All the aforementioned risk factors, except cigarette smoking and opium consumption, increased the severity of stenosis in those with positive Gensini scores. The strongest relationship was seen vis-à-vis myocardial infarction, sex, and diabetes mellitus. Conclusion: Our findings suggest that age, sex, diabetes mellitus, dyslipidemia, hypertension, family history, and myocardial infarction have significant effects on the severity of CAD. The obesity paradox in relation to CAD should be taken into consideration and needs further investigation in patients with ACS.

scholarly journals Screening for Premature Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) using Coronary Artery Calcium (CAC) Score: A Primary Prevention Pilot Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 134-149
Author(s):  
Hamat Hamdi Che Hassan ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Coronary Artery Disease ◽  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Family History ◽  
Primary Prevention ◽  
Coronary Artery Calcium ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Premature Coronary Artery Disease ◽  
History Of ◽  
Artery Disease

Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS) events can be accelerated by positive family history of young coronary artery disease (CAD). Risk factors assessment sometimes fail to predict ACS occurrence. Additional investigations with coronary artery calcium (CAC) score can be used independently in screening for primary prevention in some population. This was a cross-sectional study in asymptomatic population with first degree relatives (FDR) having premature CAD compared with a matched population with no family history of CAD from September 2017 to March 2018 at the Cardiology Clinic of Univeristi Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre. A total of 36 subjects were recruited with equal number in each group. Female were the majority in each group (66.7%). The FDR group were slightly younger compared to the control group [mean (SD) age 36.9 (4.9) against 38 (3.8), respectively). Both groups represent high risk factors including overweight and obesity, abdominal obesity as well as dyslipidemia. Newly diagnosed dyslipidemia was significant in the group with family history (83.3% versus 44.4%, P<0.01). Both groups were screened either into the low or moderate risk Framingham Risk Score group. CAC score was higher in family history group (11.1% vs 0%, P>0.05). In conclusion, CAC may be irrelevant for screening in younger population. However, the yield of other risk factor is still alarming.

Abstract 1528: Gender Differences In The Effect Of Traditional Cardiac Risk Factors On Age At Presentation With Stemi

Circulation ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 116 (suppl_16) ◽  
Author(s):  
William Herzog ◽  
Thomas Aversano
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Coronary Artery Disease ◽  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Family History ◽  
Female Gender ◽  
Smoking History ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
History Of ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
Artery Disease

For coronary artery disease (CAD), female gender is ’protective’, so that women typically present with clinically apparent CAD a decade later than men. We examined the extent to which traditional cardiovascular risk factor influence the age at presentation with STEMI in men and women. The Cardiovascular Patient Outcomes Research Team (C-PORT) primary PCI registry includes 7197 patients (5070 males and 2109 females) who presented with STEMI at 33 participating hospitals. The table below depicts the average age at presentation with STEMI in males and females with and without diabetes, hypercholesterolemia, hypertension, a family history of coronary artery disease and smoking history (current or former). The effect of smoking, family history and hypertension on age at presentation remained significant in multivariate analysis in both men and women. In both males and females, a family history of CAD and a positive smoking history are associated with presentation with STEMI at a younger age. Both have a greater effect in females. This is particularly true of smoking with lowers the age of presentation by 9 years in women, compared with 3.8 years in men. Male and female patients with a history of hypertension are older at presentation with STEMI, perhaps because the anti-ischemic effects of anti-hypertensive medications. We conclude that while the effect of most traditional risk factors for CAD on age at presentation with STEMI are similar in men and women, smoking lowers the age at presentation to a much greater degree in women. In women who do not smoke, STEMI is delayed for a decade or more compared to men; for women who do, the protective effect of female gender is nearly obliterated.

scholarly journals Lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2 levels, endothelial dysfunction and arterial stiffness in patients with stable coronary artery disease

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Konstantinos Mourouzis ◽  
Gerasimos Siasos ◽  
Evangelos Oikonomou ◽  
Marina Zaromitidou ◽  
Vicky Tsigkou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Coronary Artery Disease ◽  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Family History ◽  
Stable Coronary Artery Disease ◽  
Previous Myocardial Infarction ◽  
History Of ◽  
Artery Disease ◽  
Stable Cad

Abstract Background Lipoprotein-associated Phospholipase A2 (Lp-PLA2), can exert proinflammatory as well as proatherogenic properties on the vascular wall. The current study sought to evaluate the influence of high Lp-PLA2 levels on indices of arterial wall properties in patients with stable coronary artery disease (CAD). Methods Three hundred seventy-four consecutive patients with stable CAD (mean age 61 ± 11 years, 89% males) were enrolled in this single-center cross-sectional study. Flow-mediated dilation (FMD) was used to assess endothelial function and augmentation index (AIx) of the central aortic pressure was used to assess reflected waves. ELISA was used to determine Lp-PLA2 serum levels. Results After dividing the participants in 3 equal groups based on the tertiles of circulating Lp-PLA2 values, no significant differences were demonstrated between those in the 3rd tertile with Lp-PLA2 values > 138 μg/L, in the 2nd tertile with Lp-PLA2 values between 101 and 138 μg/L and in the 1st tertile (Lp-PLA2 values < 101 μg/L) regarding age, male gender, smoking habits, family history of CAD or history of a previous myocardial infarction, diabetes mellitus, arterial hypertension, hyperlipidemia, duration of CAD and treatment with relevant medication. Importantly, subjects with Lp-PLA2 values in the highest tertile, had significantly reduced FMD values compared to the middle and lower tertile (4.43 ± 2.37% vs. 4.61 ± 1.97% vs. 5.20 ± 2.52% respectively, P = 0.03). Patients in the highest tertile of Lp-PLA2 values had significantly higher AIx values (24.65 ± 8.69% vs. 23.33 ± 9.65%, P = 0.03), in comparison to the lowest tertile, with Lp-PLA2 values < 101 μg/L. A linear regression analysis showed that Lp-PLA2 values > 138 μg/L negatively correlated to FMD [b = − 0.45 (95% CI: − 0.79 – -0.11), P = 0.01] and AIx values [b = 1.81 (95% CI: 0.57–3.05), P < 0.001] independently of cofounders like gender, age, diabetes mellitus, arterial hypertension, dyslipidemia, smoking habits, family history of CAD, history of previous myocardial infarction, serum glucose, circulating lipid levels, duration of CAD, antihypertensive medication, antidiabetic drugs, statin therapy and treatment with β-blockers. Conclusions Elevated Lp-PLA2 levels relate to endothelial dysfunction and arterial stiffness in patients with stable CAD independently from classical risk factors for CAD, statin use, antihypertensive treatment, and duration of the disease.

scholarly journals Comparing the risk factors of coronary artery diseases in patients with stenotic and ectatic lesions

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (12) ◽  
pp. 4411
Author(s):  
Bijan Zamani ◽  
Behzad Babapour ◽  
Firouz Amani ◽  
Mohsen Ghasemian
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Coronary Artery Disease ◽  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Systemic Hypertension ◽  
City Hospital ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Artery Disease ◽  
Stenotic Lesions

Background: Coronary artery ectatic usually have relation with hyperlipidemia, systemic hypertension and male gender and its diagnosis done by angiography. Due to lack of proved risk factors for incidence of coronary artery ectatic lesions and also its important. The aim of this study was to compare the risk factors of coronary artery in patients with ectatic and stenotic lesions. Methods: This is a descriptive and analytical study that has been done on 300 patients hospitalized in Ardabil city hospital. Patients were enrolled according to the criteria and undergone to angiography. According to result of angiography, patients who have ectatic lesions as the first group and patients whose lesions were stenotic were named as the second group. Information obtained from patients entered in the checklist and analyzed by statistical methods in SPSS.16. Results: 22% of patients with ectatic lesions and 78% with stenotic lesions in patients with ectatic lesions. The mean age was 58.7 years and 74.2% were male and in patients with lesions stenotic the mean age was 60.7 years and 54.3% were male. Based on angiography results, in patients with ectatic lesions 42.4% have engaged in a carotid and 44.4% were two clashes coronary arteries in group stenotic. 34.7% of patients have history of previous mi, 32.9% history of coronary artery disease, 54.7% history of smoking, 56% had diabetes mellitus and 56% had hypertension. History of previous MI (p=0.028), smoking (p=0.04) and diabetes mellitus (p=0.001) and history of coronary artery disease are effective risk factors in two groups. Conclusions: The results showed that previous history of myocardial infarction, smoking and DM have significant relation with type of lesions. 

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