scholarly journals Socio-environmental vulnerability and disaster risk reduction: the role of Espírito Santo State (Brazil)

2014 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 117-132 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raquel Otoni de Araújo ◽  
Teresa C. da Silva Rosa

Rainfall is a natural event having significant impact in the state of Espírito Santo (Brazil), resulting in floods and mass movements, damaging communities in a historical situation of socio-environmental vulnerability. The State Civil Defense is mobilized towards risk mitigation through the State Civil Defense Department (CEDEC) and through the development of the State Protection and Civil Defense Plan, coordinating multiple social actors. This paper aims to analyze the acts and role of the State in response to extreme events, focusing on how vulnerability, risk and disaster in the urban environment are tackled by government policy. Furthermore, it aims to discuss the contemporaneous actions after Hyogo 2005-2015, focusing on the concept of resilient cities, given the relevance of prevention work and actions by local actors, governmental or not, in the process of risk and disaster reduction and of mitigating vulnerabilities, demonstrating the application of the global discussion in local situations.

2010 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 365-372 ◽  
Author(s):  
Israel de Souza Pinto ◽  
Claudiney Biral dos Santos ◽  
Gabriel Grimaldi Jr. ◽  
Adelson Luiz Ferreira ◽  
Aloísio Falqueto

The occurrence of American visceral leishmaniasis in the State of Espírito Santo, Brazil has always been associated with the presence of the Lutzomyia longipalpis vector. The geographic distribution of this vector in this state is related to the presence of specific geoclimatic characteristics, such as a dry climate, low elevations (< 450m), steep slopes and rocky outcrops. The occurrence of human autochthonous cases of American visceral leishmaniasis in municipalities without these geoclimatic characteristics justifies the present study and our main goal was to test the association between the occurrence of American visceral leishmaniasis and the presence of the Lu. longipalpis. Sand flies were captured monthly from July 2006 to August 2007 using Shannon and CDC traps in two municipalities with records of autochthonous American visceral leishmaniasis and one with no record. We captured 13,112 sand flies, but no Lu. longipalpis was found. The absence of Lu. longipalpis and the possible role of another American visceral leishmaniasis vector in these localities were discussed.


2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (205) ◽  
pp. 1-25
Author(s):  
Hérika Cristina Pereira da Paixão

This article discusses the basis for naval inspection in brazilian jurisdictional waters, water pollution, various legislations, laws, regulations and standards, such as LESTA, RLESTA, NORMAM 07, regarding to Naval Inspection Activities, NORMAM 09, referring to Maritime Authority Standards For Administrative Inquiries On Casualties and Facts of Navigation (IAFN), the role of the Maritime Tribunal, among others. In addition, it talks about the importance of maritime transport and port activities, especially in relation to the state of Espírito Santo. The Acuerdo de Viña del Mar, a relevant agreement regarding to naval inspections, aims to establish the basis for closer collaboration for the Maritime Authorities of the countries of the Latin American continent, in order to coordinate measures for the supervision of foreign ships that visit their ports, according to requirements of the Conventions, Codes and Resolutions that aim the safety of navigation and human life at sea and the prevention of water pollution in maritime and river waters.


2003 ◽  
pp. 66-76
Author(s):  
I. Dezhina ◽  
I. Leonov

The article is devoted to the analysis of the changes in economic and legal context for commercial application of intellectual property created under federal budgetary financing. Special attention is given to the role of the state and to comparison of key elements of mechanisms for commercial application of intellectual property that are currently under implementation in Russia and in the West. A number of practical suggestions are presented aimed at improving government stimuli to commercialization of intellectual property created at budgetary expense.


2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 145-149
Author(s):  
Aurelia Teodora Drăghici

SummaryTheme conflicts of interest is one of the major reasons for concern local government, regional and central administrative and criminal legal implications aiming to uphold the integrity and decisions objectively. Also, most obviously, conflicts of interest occur at the national level where political stakes are usually highest, one of the determining factors of this segment being the changing role of the state itself, which creates opportunities for individual gain through its transformations.


Author(s):  
K. E. Stupak ◽  

The article deals with analyzing the main streams of the education policy in Finland, which reflect the relationship between a person and society in modern socio–economic conditions. Such policy directs the system of education to change the person and his mind himself. Finland using its education system, has long before been concerned about preparing people for the future by reforming approaches to teaching in schools and higher education institutions. As a result, it has achieved world–wide recognition and top positions in various ratings have resulted. Therefore, today there is a great interest of scientists in certain issues of education functioning in Finland. Thus, G. Androshchuk, V. Butova. I. Zhernokleeva, T. Pushkareva and others study in their works the purpose and decisive role of Finland's education policy in the development of the education system. S. Grinyuk and V. Zagvozdkin pay attention to the practical the steps of reforming the Finnish system of education. T. Drobyshevsk investigates the system of providing educational services in Finland as a sector of knowledge production. L. Volynets, P. Kukharchuk consider the principles of the state education policy of Finland. L. Smolskaya examines the role of the state policy in implementing the "Finnish phenomenon"; P. Basyliuk and Yu. Kulykova, focus attention on the study of the evolution of the system of higher education in Finland; O. Scherbak reveals peculiarities of vocational education and training.


2011 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 34-66
Author(s):  
Joyce Valdovinos

The provision of water services has traditionally been considered a responsibility of the state. During the late 1980s, the private sector emerged as a key actor in the provision of public services. Mexico City was no exception to this trend and public authorities awarded service contracts to four private consortia in 1993. Through consideration of this case study, two main questions arise: First, why do public authorities establish partnerships with the private sector? Second, what are the implications of these partnerships for water governance? This article focuses, on the one hand, on the conceptual debate of water as a public and/or private good, while identifying new trends and strategies carried out by private operators. On the other hand, it analyzes the role of the state and its relationships with other actors through a governance model characterized by partnerships and multilevel networks.Spanish La provisión del servicio del agua ha sido tradicionalmente considerada como una responsabilidad del Estado. A finales de la década de 1980, el sector privado emerge como un actor clave en el suministro de servicios públicos. La ciudad de México no escapa a esta tendencia y en 1993 las autoridades públicas firman contratos de servicios con cuatro consorcios privados. A través de este estudio de caso, dos preguntas son planteadas: ¿Por qué las autoridades públicas establecen partenariados con el sector privado? ¿Cuáles son las implicaciones de dichos partenariados en la gobernanza del agua? Este artículo aborda por una parte, el debate conceptual del agua como bien público y/o privado, identificando nuevas tendencias y estrategias de los operadores privados. Por otra parte, se analizan el rol y las relaciones del Estado con otros actores a través de un modelo de gobernanza, definido en términos de partenariados y redes multi-niveles.French Les services de l'eau ont été traditionnellement considérés comme une responsabilité de l'État. À la fin des années 1980, le secteur privé est apparu comme un acteur clé dans la fourniture de certains services publics. La ville de Mexico n'a pas échappé à cette tendance et en 1993, les autorités publiques ont signé des contrats de services avec quatre consortiums privés. À travers cette étude de cas, nous nous interrogerons sur deux aspects : pourquoi les autorités publiques établissentelles des partenariats avec le secteur privé ? Quelles sont les implications de ces partenariats sur la gouvernance de l'eau ? Cet article s'intéresse, d'une part, au débat conceptuel sur l'eau en tant que bien public et/ou privé, en identifiant les tendances nouvelles et les stratégies menées par les opérateurs privés. D'autre part y sont analysés le rôle de l'État et ses relations avec d'autres acteurs à travers un modèle de gouvernance, défini en termes de partenariats, et des réseaux multi-niveaux.


Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document