Evidence of mother-child transmission of Helicobacter pylori infection

BACKGROUND: Low socioeconomical status is a major risk factor for natural acquisition of Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection in developing countries. Its transmission route is unknown but studies suggest person-to-person transmission. AIM: To evaluate seropositivity of anti-H. pylori antibodies in family members of infected symptomatic index patients as compared to family members of symptomatic uninfected index patients. PATIENTS AND METHODS: One hundred and twelve family members of 38 patients who underwent endoscopy to exclude peptic disease were studied. Patients were deemed H. pylori infected or not infected when rapid urease test and histology were both positive or both negative. The family members underwent ELISA serology using the Cobas Core II Kit (Roche) and were classified into three groups: I - 29 family members of 10 H. pylori (+) duodenal ulcer index patients; II - 57 family members of 17 H. pylori (+) index patients without duodenal ulcer; III - 26 family members of 11 H. pylori (-) index patients. RESULTS: Seropositivity of group I and II (infected patients) was higher than the control group, 83% vs 38%, specially in mothers, 81% vs 18%, and in siblings 76% vs 20%. Differences between fathers' seropositivity was not statistically significant in the three groups: 100% vs 86% vs 70%. Seropositivity of all family members (mother, father and siblings) between infected group (I vs II) was similar. CONCLUSION: Prevalence of H. pylori infection was higher in family members of infected patients, but was similar among family members of infected patients with and without duodenal ulcer. H. pylori infection is more frequent in mothers and siblings of infected index children. A common source of infection cannot be excluded, but facts suggest that person-to-person transmission occurs, specially from mother to child.

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Can probiotics improve efficiency and safety profile of triple Helicobacter pylori eradication therapy? A prospective randomized study

Vojnosanitetski pregled ◽

10.2298/vsp150415127g ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 73 (11) ◽

pp. 1044-1049 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Sasa Grgov ◽

Tomislav Tasic ◽

Biljana Radovanovic-Dinic ◽

Daniela Benedeto-Stojanov

Keyword(s):

Helicobacter Pylori ◽

Randomized Study ◽

Eradication Therapy ◽

Saccharomyces Boulardii ◽

Rapid Urease Test ◽

Group I ◽

Urease Test ◽

Probiotic Strains ◽

The Difference ◽

H Pylori

Background/Aim. Some studies suggest the benefit of applying different probiotic strains in combination with antibiotics in the eradication of Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of co-administration of multiple probiotic strains with triple H. pylori eradication therapy. Methods. This prospective study included 167 patients with dyspeptic symptoms and chronic gastritis who were diagnosed with H. pylori infection and randomized into two groups. The group I of 77 patients underwent triple eradication therapy, for 7 days, with lansoprazole, 2 ? 30 mg half an hour before the meal, amoxicillin 2 ? 1.000 mg per 12 hours and clarithromycin 2 ? 500 mg per 12 hours. After the 7th day of the therapy, lansoprazole continued at a dose of 30 mg for half an hour before breakfast for 4 weeks. The group II of 90 patients received the same treatment as the patients of the group I, with the addition of the probiotic cultures in the form of a capsule comprising Lactobacillus Rosell-52, Lactobacillus Rosell-11, Bifidobacterium Rosell-1755 and Saccharomyces boulardii, since the beginning of eradication for 4 weeks. Eradication of H. pylori infection control was performed 8 weeks after the therapy by rapid urease test and histopathologic evaluation of endoscopic biopsies or by stool antigen test for H. pylori. Results. Eradication of H. pylori infection was achieved in 93.3% of the patients who received probiotics with eradication therapy and in 81.8% of patients who were only on eradication therapy without probiotics. The difference in eradication success was statistically significant, (p < 0.05). The incidence of adverse effects of eradication therapy was higher in the group of patients who were not on probiotic (28.6%) than in the group that received probiotic (17.7%), but the difference was not statistically significant. Conclusion. Multiple probiotic strains addition to triple eradication therapy of H. pylori achieves a significantly better eradication success, with fewer side effects of antibiotics.

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Relevance of examination and treatment of the most common gastrointestinal disorders in children in Lithuania during the last decade

Medicina ◽

10.3390/medicina44010011 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 44 (1) ◽

pp. 72 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Liutauras Labanauskas ◽

Rūta Kučinskienė ◽

Vaidotas Urbonas ◽

Rūta Rokaitė ◽

Neringa Libikaitė

Keyword(s):

Duodenal Ulcer ◽

Atopic Dermatitis ◽

Abdominal Pain ◽

Skin Rash ◽

Endoscopic Examination ◽

Gastrointestinal Disorders ◽

Control Group ◽

Rapid Urease Test ◽

Urease Test ◽

H Pylori

In the last decade, scientific studies in the field of children’s gastroenterology performed in Lithuania explored different problems: pathology of Helicobacter pylori infection and food allergy. Our studies Helirevealed that children with atopic dermatitis had gastrointestinal complaints (abdominal pain, diarrhea, distension and unstable stool, which appeared with the exacerbation of skin rash) more often as compared to nonallergic children of the control group. Abdominal pain in children with atopic dermatitis with local rash was more frequent and lasted longer than in control group children, whereas children with extended rash had stools more frequently. Gastrointestinal disorders in children with atopic dermatitis statistically significantly did not depend on the extent of skin rash and severity of atopic dermatitis. In our scientific research on the importance of H. pylori infection on children’s gastrointestinal system, children with chronic dyspepsia were examined. Endoscopy, rapid urease test, biopsies from antrum and corpus of stomach and their histological examination as well as serologic tests were done. According to the results obtained, we recommend to examine children with chronic dyspepsia in a complex way: not only endoscopic examination, but H. pylori diagnostic tests should be performed as well. Serologic test is not suitable for screening H. pylori infection in children. Considering this, we recommend to use no fewer than two different methods to diagnose this infection. The highest frequency of H. pylori infection was found in children with duodenal ulcer; histological changes in their gastric pylorus and corpus mucosa were greatest. More than half of children with nonulcer dyspepsia were infected with H. pylori. After eradication of H. pylori infection, the prevalence of dyspepsia in children with duodenal ulcer decreased.

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Prevalence of Helicobacter pylori among patients with different gastrointestinal disorders in Saudi Arabia

Medical Journal of Indonesia ◽

10.13181/mji.v25i4.1442 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 25 (4) ◽

pp. 214-20 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Mohammed S. Alhussaini

Keyword(s):

Duodenal Ulcer ◽

Helicobacter Pylori ◽

Saudi Arabia ◽

Strong Association ◽

Endoscopic Examination ◽

Rapid Urease Test ◽

Microscopical Examination ◽

Increased Risk ◽

Urease Test ◽

H Pylori

Background: Helicobacter pylori is an important gastrointestinal pathogen associated with gastritis, peptic ulcers, and an increased risk of gastric carcinoma. The present study was carried out to determine the relationship between this organism with different gastrointestinal ailments.Methods: 150 outpatients referrals to Saudi Arabian Medical City, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia was recruited in January to June 2015. Each patient was subjected to endoscopic examination. Biopsy specimens were taken from the stomach for rapid urease test and culture. Suspected H. pylori colonies were subjected to colony morphology identification, microscopical examination and biochemical reactions. The samples were also subjected to PCR to detect ureA subunit of urease gene.Results: The endoscopic examination of patients revealed normal, gastric ulcer, duodenal ulcer, gastritis, and gastric cancer with a rate of 20.7%, 20%, 24%, 33.3%, and 2%, respectively. Direct smear exam revealed that 52% of patients were H. pylori positive while culture and rapid urease test showed a prevalence of 71.33%. Fifty four biopsies (36%) were urease positive after 1 hour at room temperature, 39 (62%) after 1 hour incubation at 37°C and 14 (71.33%) after 24 hours incubation. Isolated H. pylori showed that they were catalase, oxidase, and urease positive. PCR results showed 411-bp fragment, which is indicative for the ureA subunit of urease gene.Conclusion: The prevalence of H. pylori infection was high among tested population. Strong association between H. pylori and duodenal ulcer was noticed. A 411-bp fragment indicative of the ureA subunit of urease gene was detected in all the tested isolates.

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Association of cagA, cagC, virB2, and vacA Subtypes of Helicobacter pylori with Adenocarcinoma Development in Iranian Patients

Jundishapur Journal of Microbiology ◽

10.5812/jjm.101275 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 13 (7) ◽

Author(s):

Pouya Khodadadi ◽

Mohammad Kargar ◽

Mahdi Bijanzadeh ◽

Abbas Doosti ◽

Shapoor Aghaei

Keyword(s):

Helicobacter Pylori ◽

Gastric Ulcers ◽

Rapid Urease Test ◽

Genotype Distribution ◽

Caga Gene ◽

Group I ◽

Two Samples ◽

Urease Test ◽

H Pylori ◽

Iranian Patients

Background: Gastric cancer has been introduced as the second cause of cancer death worldwide. Helicobacter pylori infection is considered one of the main risk factors for this type of cancer, so that it has been classified as group I carcinogens. Objectives: The present research intended to examine the prevalence of cagA, cagC, virB2, vacA, and genotype distribution in H. pylori-infected biopsies and adenocarcinoma cases. Methods: Thirty-four H. pylori gastric biopsies taken from Western Iranian patients that were diagnosed as gastritis, gastric ulcers, and adenocarcinoma were used in this study. Two samples were taken from each patient. These samples were selected based on endoscopic observations and histological examinations. The presence of H. pylori was confirmed by the Rapid Urease test (RUT) and the ureC gene by the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technique. Then, specific primers for vacA and cagPAI were used for genotyping H. pylori by PCR-typing. Results: The obtained results showed that 86.8% of the samples were H. pylori-positive. Moreover, the cagA gene prevalence was 51.50% in the samples. In addition, the adenocarcinoma outcome was significantly related to all selected genes. Likewise, some gastric diseases such as gastric ulcers, duodenal ulcer (DU), gastritis, lymphoid, and gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) were observed in adenocarcinoma cases. It was also found that the vacAs1m1i1 genotype plays an important role in gastric malignancies. The most frequent vacA genotype in the H. pylori-infected isolates was s1m1i1, and the observed frequency of vacA and cagA genes in adenocarcinoma was statistically significant. Conclusions: The findings showed that H. pylori vacA and cagA gene virulence factors are associated with adenocarcinoma in Western Iranian patients.

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Prevalence of Helicobacter pylori infection, its correlation with gastroduodenal diseases and the incidence of gastric cancer in Nepal

Journal of Advances in Internal Medicine ◽

10.3126/jaim.v2i2.8777 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 2 (2) ◽

pp. 52-60 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Umid Kumar Shrestha ◽

Arnab Ghosh ◽

Vijay M Alurkar ◽

Suresh C Kohli ◽

Subash Sapkota

Keyword(s):

Gastric Cancer ◽

Duodenal Ulcer ◽

Helicobacter Pylori ◽

Gastric Ulcer ◽

Cancer Incidence ◽

Gastric Polyp ◽

Rapid Urease Test ◽

Asian Countries ◽

Urease Test ◽

H Pylori

Background and aims: The Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) prevalence in Asian countries is highly variable, with higher seroprevalence shown in the previous studies of developing Asian countries. We aimed to determine the current H. pylori prevalence, correlate with gastroduodenal diseases and study gastric cancer incidence in Nepal. Methods: Among 3357 patients referred for endoscopy, 2820 eligible patients underwent upper gastrointestinal endoscopy with biopsy; H. pylori was considered positive when either of Rapid Urease Test (RUT) or histopathology showed positive result. Results: The H. pylori prevalence was 29.4% in overall distribution, 41.1% in gastritis and or duodenitis, 69.5% in gastric ulcer, 84.7% in duodenal ulcer, 20.8% in gastric polyp and 11.5% in gastric cancer. The H. pylori infection was significantly associated with gastritis and or duodenitis [P<0.001; Odds Ratio (OR) 1.53, 95% Confidence Interval (CI) 1.47-1.59], gastric ulcer (P<0.001; OR 18.62, 95% CI 12.40-27.81), duodenal ulcer (P<0.001; OR 48.89, 95% CI 25.23- 94.75), gastric polyp (P=0.001; OR 7.66, 95% CI 3.18-18.44) and gastric cancer (P=0.005; OR 3.78, 95% CI 1.82-7.86). The age-standardized (world) annual rate of gastric cancer in Kaski district of Nepal was 3.3 per 100,000. Conclusions: The H. pylori prevalence in Nepal was lower than that shown in the previous studies of developing Asian countries, but was significantly high in gastritis and or duodenitis, and peptic ulcers. Similarly, the gastric cancer incidence was also low in Nepal and was significantly associated with H. pylori. Further study is needed to establish the association of H. pylori with gastric cancer in Nepal. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jaim.v2i2.8777 Journal of Advances in Internal Medicine 2013;02(02):52-60

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Helicobacter pylori cagA gene Polymorphism in Patients with Gastroduodenal Diseases

Bangladesh Medical Research Council Bulletin ◽

10.3329/bmrcb.v43i1.35152 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 43 (1) ◽

pp. 37-43

Author(s):

Mahbuba Chowdhury ◽

Sharmeen Ahmed ◽

A.F.M.A.L Masum Khan ◽

Shirin Tarafdar ◽

Ruhul Amin Miah

Keyword(s):

Duodenal Ulcer ◽

Helicobacter Pylori ◽

Gastric Ulcer ◽

Gastric Carcinoma ◽

Peptide Sequence ◽

Rapid Urease Test ◽

Caga Gene ◽

Urease Test ◽

H Pylori ◽

Epiya Motifs

Helicobacter pylori is a genetically diverse bacterial pathogen and its CagA gene is a major virulence factor that plays an important role in gastroduodenal pathologies. The biological function of cagA depends on tyrosine phosphorylation within the EPIYA (Glutamate-Proline-Isoleucine-Tyrosine-Alanine) motifs at the C-terminal region of the protein. This region may undergo polymorphism to give different types of EPIYA motifs. EPIYA motif diversity may provide a useful tool for prediction of H. pylori pathogenic activity and accurate determination of number and type of cagA EPIYA motifs could identify the virulent H. pylori. The aim of this study was to detect H. pylori cagA gene and its polymorphism in endoscopic gastroduodenal biopsy specimen from patients with gastroduodenal diseases in Bangladesh. This cross sectional study was carried out in the Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University and Center for Advanced Research in Sciences, University of Dhaka during the period from March 2014 to February 2015. Gastric biopsies were collected from 78 patients with gastritis, duodenal ulcer, gastric ulcer and gastric carcinoma. H. pylori was identified by rapid urease test and ureC gene PCR. Presence of cagA gene and number and pattern of cagA EPIYA motif were determined by PCR. DNA sequencing was carried out to confirm the PCR detection method of cagA EPIYA motif and to analyse their peptide sequence. Among 31(39.7%) H. pylori positive cases, 19 (61.3%) were cagA gene positive in 11(55%) gastritis, 4(66.7%) duodenal ulcer, 2(66.7%) gastric ulcer and 2(100%) gastric carcinoma. A significant association was found between cagA gene and duodenal ulcer (p=˂0.05). EPIYA motif of all H. pylori cagA positive cases showed Western type cagA EPIYA ABC. No East Asian EPIYA ABD motif was found. Majority of gastroduodenal cases (57.9%) had 3 copies of EPIYA (ABC type), 26.3% had 4 copies (ABCC type) while remaining 10.5% had AC and 5.2% AB type EPIYA motif. EPIYA ABC was found in 75% of duodenal ulcer followed by 54.5% of gastritis and 50% of both gastric ulcer and gastric carcinoma patients. EPIYA ABCC motif was found in 50% of gastric ulcer and gastric carcinoma patients. Most of the EPIYA motif was EPIYA ABC and some were ABCC which has the risk of developing gastric carcinoma.

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A Clinical Significance of Helicobacter Pylori Infection in Hemophilic Children with Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage.

Blood ◽

10.1182/blood.v114.22.4442.4442 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 114 (22) ◽

pp. 4442-4442

Author(s):

Ji Yoon Kim ◽

Yong-Mook Choi ◽

Kun Soo Lee

Keyword(s):

Duodenal Ulcer ◽

Helicobacter Pylori ◽

Chronic Gastritis ◽

Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage ◽

Conflicts Of Interest ◽

Helicobacter Pylori Infection ◽

Rapid Urease Test ◽

Urease Test ◽

Life Threatening ◽

H Pylori

Abstract Abstract 4442 Purpose For hemophiliacs gastrointestinal hemorrhage is a life-threatening complication and can be caused by the Helicobacter pylori infection. In this study, the prevalence of H. pylori infection among child hemophiliacs with gastrointestinal hemorrhage and the recurrence rate after eradication H. pylori treatment was investigated. Patients and Methods Seven children with hemophilia A with hematemesis (age, 5.3∼17.0 year) were evaluated for the causes of gastrointestinal hemorrhage and the detection of H. pylori. Gastroendoscopy was done to find the bleeding focus and for further evaluation including rapid urease test and mucosal biopsy. Result: Four patients had dyspepsia and abdominal pain for several weeks or months prior to hematemesis. Three patients did not show any signs of bleeding. From gastroendoscopy, four patients were diagnosed as duodenal ulcer, one as H. pylori associated chronic gastritis and one as hemorrhagic gastritis. One patient showing a normal finding was diagnosed with adenoid hemorrhage after nasopharyngoscopy. H. pylori infection was found in four of six patients with GI bleeding (3, duodenal ulcer; 1, H. pylori associated chronic gastritis). The patients with H. pylori infection had an eradication treatment of triple therapy and no recurrence happened. Conclusion In child hemophiliacs, H. pylori should also be considered as an important cause of gastrointestinal hemorrhage. The recurrence of the infection and gastrointestinal hemorrhage can be prevented with eradication of H. pylori. Screening test for H. pylori would be needed in child hemophiliacs in endemic area. Disclosures: No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.

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A STUDY ON PREVALENCE OF HELICOBACTER PYLORI IN BLEEDING PEPTIC ULCER USING RAPID UREASE TEST

10.36106/ijsr/4914430 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 82-83

Author(s):

Lokesh M N ◽

Anil Kumar K N ◽

Madan M

Keyword(s):

Duodenal Ulcer ◽

Helicobacter Pylori ◽

Peptic Ulcer ◽

Peptic Ulcer Disease ◽

Bleeding Peptic Ulcer ◽

Ulcer Bleeding ◽

Rapid Urease Test ◽

Ulcer Disease ◽

Urease Test ◽

H Pylori

BACKGROUND: Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is the leading cause of peptic ulcer disease in India. Timely diagnosis and proper treatment is required for the eradication of H. pylori infection and prevention of its associated complications. AIMS AND OBJECTIVES: This study aims to evaluate the prevalence of H. pylori infection in patients presenting with bleeding peptic ulcer. MATERIAL AND METHODS: This is prospective study conducted from January 2019 till January 2021 in patients with bleeding peptic ulcer admitted at BGS Global Institute of Medical Sciences. All the patients under went endoscopy and biopsy was taken from Antral region for Rapid Urease Test. RESULT: 164 patients were included in the study with duodenal ulcer bleeding in 129 (78.6%) patients, gastric ulcer in 30 (18.3%) patients and both gastric and duodenal ulcer in 5 (3.1%) patients. Positivity for RUT was seen in 147 patients (89.6%). CONCLUSION: Early intervention in the patients with peptic ulcer disease in the form of endoscopic biopsy will help in prevention of recurrent bleeding episodes and other associated complications.

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Detection of Helicobacter Pylori in Endoscopic Biopsies in Sudan

Tropical Doctor ◽

10.1177/004947559402400407 ◽

1994 ◽

Vol 24 (4) ◽

pp. 161-163 ◽

Cited By ~ 13

Author(s):

Yousra A Azim Mirghani ◽

Salah Ahmed ◽

Mohamed Ahmed ◽

Mustafa O Ismail ◽

Sulieman Salih Fedail ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Duodenal Ulcer ◽

Helicobacter Pylori ◽

Gastric Ulcer ◽

Normal Control ◽

Oesophageal Varices ◽

Rapid Urease Test ◽

Control Subjects ◽

Biopsy Specimens ◽

Urease Test ◽

H Pylori

We studied the prevalence of Helicobacter pylori in Sudanese subjects with gastroduodenal inflammation. H. pylori was looked for in biopsy specimens taken from the antrum by two methods: rapid urease test [Campylobacter-like organism (CLO) test] and culture using Skirrow's selective supplement. One hundred subjects were studied. H. pylori was found in 80% of patients with gastritis, 56% of patients with duodenal ulcer, 60% of patients with duodenitis and 16% of normal control subjects. It was neither detected in patients with gastric ulcer, nor in patients with oesophagitis or in those with oesophageal varices due to schistosomiasis, when using culture. However, it was found in 50% of patients with oesophagitis, when using CLO test.

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Frequency of rdx A Deletion Mutation Conferring Metronidazole Resistance in Helicobacter pylori

10.51429/ejmm29308 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 29 (3) ◽

pp. 59-64

Author(s):

Hanaa M. El Maghraby ◽

Samar Mohaseb

Keyword(s):

Helicobacter Pylori ◽

Epigastric Pain ◽

Deletion Mutation ◽

Rapid Urease Test ◽

Rrna Gene ◽

University Hospitals ◽

Metronidazole Resistance ◽

Urease Test ◽

Gastric Biopsies ◽

H Pylori

Background: Metronidazole is one of the antimicrobial drugs that can be used in combination with other drugs for eradication of Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori).Unfortunately, metronidazole resistance in H. plori is an increasing health problem which may be attributed to inactivation of many genes as rdx A gene. Objective: To determine the frequency of rdx A deletion mutation in H. pylori detected in infected patients attending at the Gastroenterology Unit, Zagazig University Hospitals. Methodology: Two gastric biopsies were taken from each enrolled patient by endoscopy. H.pylori detection was done by rapid urease test and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification of 16S rRNA gene. Deletion mutation in rdx A gene was detected by conventional PCR. Results: Out of 134 doubled gastric biopsies obtained from 134 patients, 52.2% were positive for H. pylori. Epigastric pain, vomiting and gastritis were significantly associated with detection of H. pylori infection (p˂ 0.05). Deletion mutation of rdx A gene was detected in 28.6% of H. pylori positive specimens obtained from infected patients. Conclusion: Deletion mutation of rdx A gene is a frequent determinant of rdx A inactivation conferring metronidazole resistance among H. pylori.

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