SURVEY OF SANDFLY FAUNA (DIPTERA: PSYCHODIDAE) IN UBERLÂNDIA, MINAS GERAIS STATE, BRAZIL, 2003-2004

We analyzed the sandflies around houses and domestic animal shelters located in residences close to forests in localities on the banks of the Araguari River, Uberlândia, MG, from February 2003 to November 2004. The phlebotomines were captured in the peridomiciliary area, where Shannon traps were utilized in the peridomicile and CDC traps in animal shelters. 2,783 specimens of sandflies were captured, 2,140 females (76.9%) and 643 males (23.1%), distributed between 17 species. The most abundant species was Nyssomyia neivai (88.1%), followed by Nyssomyia whitmani (3.1%). The presence of Lutzomyia longipalpis was also confirmed, it is the main vector of Leishmania (L.) infantum chagasi which causes visceral leishmaniasis. The presence of species involved in the transmission of leishmaniases in the municipality of Uberlândia is cause for concern. The presence of L. longipalpis indicates that its urbanization may not have been aleatory and instead occurred through the destruction of wild ecotopes. More studies of their occupation in anthropic environments need to be made.

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Assessment of sand fly (Diptera, Psychodidae) control using cypermethrin in an endemic area for visceral leishmaniasis, Montes Claros, Minas Gerais State, Brazil

Cadernos de Saúde Pública ◽

10.1590/s0102-311x2011001100005 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 27 (11) ◽

pp. 2117-2123 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Ricardo Andrade Barata ◽

Erika Monteiro Michalsky ◽

Ricardo Toshio Fujiwara ◽

João Carlos França-Silva ◽

Marília Fonseca Rocha ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Visceral Leishmaniasis ◽

Endemic Area ◽

Residual Effect ◽

Minas Gerais ◽

Sand Fly ◽

Lutzomyia Longipalpis ◽

Sand Flies ◽

Light Traps ◽

Minas Gerais State ◽

Transmission Area

Montes Claros in Minas Gerais State, Brazil, was considered an intense transmission area for visceral leishmaniasis. This study evaluated sand fly fauna after insecticide application. Captures were performed in 10 districts from September 2005 to August 2006 with CDC light traps inside and outside each residence. Cypermethrin was sprayed in two cycles during November/2005 and May/2006. The 636 specimens collected, belonging to 10 species, were predominantly Lutzomyia longipalpis (79%), and most frequently males (70%). The highest percentage of specimens were captured in areas surrounding domiciles (85.8%). The main species were observed to be sensitive to treatment with the insecticide. The results showed a reduction in the number of sand flies collected after use of cypermethrin in homes and annexes, and with residual effect lasting from two to four months.

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First report of the main vector of visceral leishmaniasis in America, Lutzomyia longipalpis (Lutz, Neiva, 1912) (Diptera: Psychodidae: Phlebotominae), in southern Minas Gerais State, Brazil

Journal of Vector Ecology ◽

10.1111/jvec.12182 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 40 (2) ◽

pp. 412-414 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Thales A. Barçante ◽

Maria C.A. Botelho ◽

Heloísa F. Freitas ◽

Gustavo D.T. Soares ◽

Joziana M.P. Barçante

Keyword(s):

Visceral Leishmaniasis ◽

Minas Gerais ◽

Lutzomyia Longipalpis ◽

First Report ◽

Minas Gerais State

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Epidemiology of Visceral Leishmaniasis in a Reemerging Focus of Intense Transmission in Minas Gerais State, Brazil

BioMed Research International ◽

10.1155/2013/405083 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 2013 ◽

pp. 1-6 ◽

Cited By ~ 21

Author(s):

Ricardo Andrade Barata ◽

Jennifer Cunha Peixoto ◽

Aline Tanure ◽

Marcela Esteves Gomes ◽

Estefânia Conceição Apolinário ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Visceral Leishmaniasis ◽

Urban Area ◽

Minas Gerais ◽

Domestic Dogs ◽

Lutzomyia Longipalpis ◽

Clinical Exam ◽

Entomological Survey ◽

Predominant Species ◽

Minas Gerais State ◽

Prevalence Ratios

This study was developed in the urban area of Governador Valadares, a reemerging focus of intense transmission of visceral leishmaniasis (VL) in Brazil, presenting 86 human cases of VL from 2008 to 2011. The disease prevailed in males (73.2%) with most patients between 0 and 9 years (44.1%) and a lethality rate of 16.2%. A canine survey was carried out on 16,529 domestic dogs in 35 districts in the area and it showed that 30.2% of them (4,992 dogs) were positive for VL by serum assays. Prevalence ratios for canine VL varied between 13.6% and 53.4%. The clinical exam of 343 seropositive dogs showed that 49.9% of them were considered symptomatic, with larger prevalence of canine VL being in short-furred animals (90%). The entomological survey was performed in eight districts, where 2,539 phlebotomines were captured, preferentially in the peridomicile (84.5%).Lutzomyia longipalpiswas the predominant species (90%) suggesting its participation in the VL transmission in the area. The correlation between canine prevalence andL. longipalpisdensity was evaluated.

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Association of Lutzomyia longipalpis (Diptera: Psychodidae) population density with climate variables in Montes Claros, an area of American visceral leishmaniasis transmission in the state of Minas Gerais, Brazil

Memórias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz ◽

10.1590/s0074-02762009000800020 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 104 (8) ◽

pp. 1191-1193 ◽

Cited By ~ 18

Author(s):

Érika Monteiro Michalsky ◽

Consuelo Latorre Fortes-Dias ◽

João Carlos França-Silva ◽

Marilia Fonseca Rocha ◽

Ricardo Andrade Barata ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Visceral Leishmaniasis ◽

Population Density ◽

Minas Gerais ◽

The State ◽

Lutzomyia Longipalpis ◽

Climate Variables

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Importance of Lutzomyia longipalpis in the dynamics of transmission of canine visceral leishmaniasis in the endemic area of Porteirinha Municipality, Minas Gerais, Brazil

Veterinary Parasitology ◽

10.1016/j.vetpar.2005.05.006 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 131 (3-4) ◽

pp. 213-220 ◽

Cited By ~ 35

Author(s):

João C. França-Silva ◽

Ricardo A. Barata ◽

Roberto T. da Costa ◽

Érika Michalsky Monteiro ◽

George L. L. Machado-Coelho ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Visceral Leishmaniasis ◽

Endemic Area ◽

Minas Gerais ◽

Lutzomyia Longipalpis ◽

Canine Visceral Leishmaniasis

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Phlebotomine sandfly species from an American visceral leishmaniasis area in the Northern Rainforest region of Pernambuco State, Brazil

Cadernos de Saúde Pública ◽

10.1590/s0102-311x2007000500024 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 23 (5) ◽

pp. 1227-1232 ◽

Cited By ~ 17

Author(s):

Maria Rosimery de Carvalho ◽

Bruna Santos Lima ◽

José Ferreira Marinho-Júnior ◽

Fernando José da Silva ◽

Hélio França Valença ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Visceral Leishmaniasis ◽

Lutzomyia Longipalpis ◽

Target Area ◽

Leishmania Chagasi ◽

Animal Shelters ◽

Phlebotomine Sandfly ◽

Phlebotomine Sandflies ◽

Prevalent Species ◽

Lutzomyia Migonei ◽

Leishmania Parasites

The aim of this study was to identify the fauna of phlebotomine sandflies in an area with incidence of American visceral leishmaniasis (AVL) in São Vicente Férrer, a municipality (county) located in the northern Zona da Mata in Pernambuco State, Brazil. Sandfly captures were conducted monthly for four nights/month from December 2002 to November 2003, by means of manual captures (with a Shannon trap) and by CDC light traps. A total of 23,156 specimens of phlebotomines sandflies were collected in a remnant of the Atlantic rainforest, houses, and animal shelters. Lutzomyia complexa was the most prevalent species, with a frequency of 62.5% (14,445/23,156), followed by Lutzomyia migonei, with 33.2% (7,677/23,156). No Lutzomyia longipalpis (the main vector of Leishmania chagasi in Brazil and the Americas) was found in the target area. Some specimens were dissected, but no Leishmania parasites were found.

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First report of an autochthonous human visceral leishmaniasis in a child from the South of Minas Gerais State, Brazil

Revista do Instituto de Medicina Tropical de São Paulo ◽

10.1590/s1678-9946201961001 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 61 (0) ◽

Author(s):

Thiago Pasqua Narciso ◽

Richardson Costa Carvalho ◽

Luciano Carvalho Campos ◽

Agostinho Gonçalves Viana ◽

Ricardo Toshio Fujiwara ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Visceral Leishmaniasis ◽

Minas Gerais ◽

The South ◽

First Report ◽

Human Visceral Leishmaniasis ◽

Minas Gerais State

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Detection of multiple circulating Leishmania species in Lutzomyia longipalpis in the city of Governador Valadares, southeastern Brazil

10.1101/445379 ◽

2018 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Mariana Santos Cardoso ◽

Gabrielle Ariadine Bento ◽

Laila Viana de Almeida ◽

Joseane Camilla de Castro ◽

João Luís Reis Cunha ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Visceral Leishmaniasis ◽

Infection Rate ◽

Control Strategies ◽

Minas Gerais ◽

Domestic Dogs ◽

Effective Control ◽

Lutzomyia Longipalpis ◽

Insect Vector ◽

Sand Flies ◽

The City

AbstractBackgroundLeishmaniasis encompasses a group of diverse clinical diseases caused by protozoan parasites of the Leishmania genus. This disease is a major public health problem in the New World affecting people exposed in endemic regions. The city of Governador Valadares (Minas Gerais/Brazil) is a re-emerging area for visceral leishmaniasis, with 191 human cases reported from 2008 to 2017 and a lethality rate of 14.7%. The transmission of the parasite occurs intensely in this region with up to 22% of domestic dogs with positive serology for the visceral form. Lu. longipalpis is one of the most abundant sand fly species in this area. Despite this scenario, so far there is no information regarding the circulating Leishmania species in the insect vector Lutzomyia longipalpis in this focus.Methodology/Principal FindingsWe collected 616 female Lutzomyia longipalpis sand flies between January and September 2015 in the Vila Parque Ibituruna neighborhood (Governador Valadares/MG), which is located on a transitional area between the sylvatic and urban environments with residences built near a preserved area. After DNA extraction of individual sand flies, the natural Leishmania infections in Lu. longipalpis were detected by end-point PCR, using primers derived from kDNA sequences, specific for L. (Leishmania) or L. (Viannia) subgenus. The sensitivity of these PCR reactions was 0.1 pg of DNA for each Leishmania subgenus and the total infection rate of 16.2% (100 positive specimens). Species-specific PCR detected the presence of multiple Leishmania species in infected Lu. longipalpis specimens in Governador Valadares, including L. amazonensis (n=3), L. infantum (n=28), L. (Viannia) spp. (n=20), coinfections with L. infantum and L. (Viannia) spp. (n=5), and L. (Leishmania) spp (n=44).ConclusionsOur results demonstrate that multiple Leishmania species circulate in Lu. longipalpis in Governador Valadares and reveal a potential increasing risk of transmission of the different circulating parasite species. This information is a key factor for planning surveillance and effective control strategies against leishmaniasis in this endemic focus.Author summaryLeishmaniasis is a neglected tropical disease transmitted to mammals by the bite of sand flies infected with parasites of the Leishmania genus. This disease affects millions of people in various regions of the world, including Brazil. The municipality of Governador Valadares (Minas Gerais/Brazil) is a re-emergent focus of intense transmission of leishmaniasis, with a high number of human cases and a high prevalence of infected domestic dogs. To develop better leishmaniasis control strategies for the region, we performed a surveillance study of Lu. longipalpis, the main vector of visceral leishmaniasis in Brazil, and identified circulating species of Leishmania in this insect vector. We estimate that the natural infection rate of Lu. longipalpis for these parasites was of 16.2% in the study area. We also detected the presence of multiple circulating Leishmania species (L. amazonensis, L. infantum and Viannia subgenus) in Lu. longipalpis in Governador Valadares city, including 5 sand flies coinfected with L. infantum and L. (Viannia). Thus, our results reinforce the need for a rigid and systematic control of the sand flies monitoring in this area, due to the potential risk of transmission of different species of the Leishmania parasites.

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Human visceral leishmaniasis: factors associated with deaths in Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais state, Brazil from 2006 to 2013

Epidemiology and Infection ◽

10.1017/s0950268818000109 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 146 (5) ◽

pp. 565-570 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

F. R. P. Bruhn ◽

M. H. F. Morais ◽

N. C. P. Bruhn ◽

D. L. Cardoso ◽

F. Ferreira ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Visceral Leishmaniasis ◽

Minas Gerais ◽

Skin Colour ◽

Social Risk ◽

Social Risk Factors ◽

Human Visceral Leishmaniasis ◽

The Social ◽

Minas Gerais State ◽

Belo Horizonte

AbstractThe aim of this study was to evaluate the distribution of cases and the social determinants associated with death from human visceral leishmaniasis (HVL) and VL–HIV co-infection in Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais state, Brazil, between 2006 and 2013. Descriptive statistics and analysis of associations were performed using chi-square of the raised variables, such as sex, age, skin colour and schooling of cases of HVL. During the study period, there were 866 cases of HVL with 111 deaths in Belo Horizonte. Morbidity and lethality rates (LR) of HVL in Belo Horizonte remained high over almost all the years evaluated, with an average incidence rate of 4.18 cases/100 000 inhabitants and a LR of 11.16%. With respect to skin colour, it was found that people characterised as black or mulatto had higher morbidity, followed by white. Regarding schooling, LR was more prevalent among individuals with lower education. One of the social risk factors was co-infection with HIV, which was present in many cases of HVL. Furthermore, it was found that older age and the male sex were also risk factors for death from HVL in Belo Horizonte.

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EVIDENCE OF Leishmania (Leishmania) infantum INFECTION IN DOGS FROM JUIZ DE FORA, MINAS GERAIS STATE, BRAZIL, BASED ON IMMUNOCHROMATOGRAPHIC DUAL-PATH PLATFORM (DPP®) AND PCR ASSAYS

Revista do Instituto de Medicina Tropical de São Paulo ◽

10.1590/s0036-46652014000300008 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 56 (3) ◽

pp. 225-229 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

José Geraldo Castro-Júnior ◽

Mariana Lourenço Freire ◽

Samantha Priscila Silva Campos ◽

Kezia K.G. Scopel ◽

Renato Porrozzi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Visceral Leishmaniasis ◽

Real Time ◽

Real Time Pcr ◽

Clinical Signs ◽

Rapid Test ◽

Minas Gerais ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Minas Gerais State ◽

Canine Infection

In Brazil, domestic dogs are branded as the primary reservoir for zoonotic visceral leishmaniasis, due to the clear positive correlation observed between human and canine infection rates. This study aimed to carry out a serological survey of canine visceral leishmaniasis (CVL) in dogs housed at a public kennel in the municipality of Juiz de Fora, Minas Gerais State, Brazil, using the immunochromatographic TR DPP® CVL rapid test. Additionally, conventional and/or real time PCR assay was used to detect and confirm L. infantum infection in the DPP positive dogs only. Of the 400 dogs studied, most did not present clinical signs for CVL (p < 0.05), and fifteen (3.8%) were seropositive in the DPP test. There was no statistically significant difference between the DPP seropositive dogs and the clinical signs of the disease (p > 0.05). Both conventional and real time PCR tests confirmed L. infantum infection in nine (75.0%) of the twelve DPP seropositive dogs that remained alive during the follow-up period. This study is the first seroepidemiologic survey of CVL held in the city of Juiz de Fora, and the results reinforce the idea that this disease is currently in a process of expansion and urbanization in Brazil. Furthermore, this study highlights the use of the DPP test as an alternative for diagnosing CVL in large and mid-sized cities, due to its ease of implementation.

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