scholarly journals Biochemical behavior of Trypanosoma cruzi strains isolated from mice submitted to specific chemotherapy

1994 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 209-215 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jesila Pinto M. Marretto ◽  
Sonia G. Andrade
Keyword(s):  
Trypanosoma Cruzi ◽  
Genetic Markers ◽  
Clonal Selection ◽  
Electrophoretic Analysis ◽  
Phenotypic Characteristics ◽  
New Born ◽  
End Of Treatment ◽  
Parasite Strains

To investigate the influence of chemotherapy on the biochemical beha vior of Trypanosoma cruzi strains, three groups of mice were infected with one of three strains of T. cruzi of different biological and isoenzymic patterns (Peruvian, 21 SF and Colombian strains). Each group was subdivided into subgroups: 1 - treated with nifurtimox; 2 - treated with benznidazole and 3 - untreated infected controls. At the end of treatment, that lasted for 90 days, xenodiagnosis, sub inoculation of blood into new born mice and haemoculture were performed as tests of cure. From the positive tests, 22 samples of T. cruzi were isolated from all subgroups. Electrophoretic analysis of the isoenzymes PGM, GP1, ALAT and AS AT failed to show any difference between parasite strains isolated from treated and untreated mice, which indicates that no detectable clonal selection or parasite genetic markers alterations concerning the isoenzymes analysed have been determined by treatment with drugs of recognized antiparasitic effect, suggesting stability of the phenotypic characteristics of the three biological types of T. cruzi strains.

scholarly journals Microsatellite Genetic Markers of Saccharrum spp., and Erianthus sp. on Their Hybrids

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Mala Murianingrum ◽  
Taryono Taryono ◽  
Rani Agustina Wulandari
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Marker ◽  
Genetic Marker ◽  
Genetic Markers ◽  
Chromosome Segregation ◽  
Molecular Genetic ◽  
Female Parent ◽  
Limiting Factors ◽  
Phenotypic Characteristics ◽  
Saccharum Spp ◽  
Sugarcane Varieties

Progeny identification is the important step that should be done after hybridization. However, polyploidy, aneuploidy and the high chromosome segregation in sugarcane which results various phenotypic characteristics variation and environmental effects become limiting factors to identify the progenies based on morphological characteristic. Microsatellite as one of molecular marker which has codominance inheritance, multiallelic, abundant in the genome and does not influenced by environmental factor is the best tool to asses the crossing fidelity accurately. This research aimed to identify the possibility of genetic marker of Saccharum spp. and Erianthus sp. on their hybrid using microsatellite molecular marker. This study was carried out in Molecular Genetic laboratory, Indonesian Sweetener and Fiber Crops Research Institute (ISFCRI) Malang, from August 2016 to July 2017. Eighty-six (86) F1 intraspecific and interspecific progeny, three commercial sugarcane varieties (PSJT941, PS881 and VMC7616) and two wild types (S. spontaneum dan Erianthus sp.) were assessed genetically by three microsatellite markers. Identification of microsatellite genetic markers was conducted by comparing the visualization band results from electrophoresis of each male and female parent through their progenies. All primers could identify Saccharum spp. and Erianthus sp. genetic markers. There were one to eleven Saccharum spp. and Erianthus sp. genetic markers could be identified such as 2-11 PS881-specific alleles; 2-3 VMC7616-specific alleles; 1-5 PSJT941-specific alleles; two S. spontaneum-specific alleles and 1-2 Erianthus-specific alleles. These findings could be used as the advance genetic marker of microsatellite in sugarcane breeding to asses the cross fidelity.

scholarly journals The Anti-Trypanosoma cruzi Activity of Posaconazole in a Murine Model of Acute Chagas' Disease Is Less Dependent on Gamma Interferon than That of Benznidazole

2007 ◽  
Vol 51 (4) ◽  
pp. 1359-1364 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcela L. Ferraz ◽  
Ricardo T. Gazzinelli ◽  
Rosana O. Alves ◽  
Julio A. Urbina ◽  
Alvaro J. Romanha
Keyword(s):  
Trypanosoma Cruzi ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Gamma Interferon ◽  
Interleukin 12 ◽  
Drug Pressure ◽  
Standard Drug ◽  
End Of Treatment ◽  
Ifn Γ ◽  
Cure Rates ◽  
Acute Chagas Disease

ABSTRACT We have investigated the influences of gamma interferon (IFN-γ) and interleukin-12 (IL-12) on the efficacy of posaconazole (POS) treatment of acute experimental infections with Trypanosoma cruzi; the standard drug, benznidazole (BZ), was used as a positive control. Wild-type (WT) mice infected with T. cruzi and treated with POS or BZ had no parasitemia, 100% survival, and cure rates of 86 to 89%. IFN-γ-knockout (KO) mice infected with T. cruzi and treated with BZ controlled the infection during treatment but relapsed after the drug pressure ceased and had 0% survival, while those receiving POS better controlled the infection after the end of treatment and had 70% survival (P < 0.0001 compared to the results for both untreated and BZ-treated animals). IL-12-KO mice infected and treated with POS or BZ had intermediate results, displaying enhanced parasitemia, decreased survival (77 to 83%), and reduced cure rates (35 to 39%) compared with those of the WT animals. Our results demonstrate that either IFN-γ or IL-12 deficiency reduces the efficacy of POS or BZ in this experimental model but also indicate that the anti-T. cruzi activity of POS is much less dependent on the activity of IFN-γ than that of BZ is.

BloodstreamTrypanosoma cruziparasites from mice simultaneously express antigens that are markers of acute and chronic human Chagas disease

Parasitology ◽  
1991 ◽  
Vol 102 (3) ◽  
pp. 379-385 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. S. Leguizamon ◽  
O. E. Campetella ◽  
M. B. Reyes ◽  
C. F. Ibañez ◽  
M. A. Basombrio ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Trypanosoma Cruzi ◽  
Chagas Disease ◽  
Acute Phase ◽  
Early Period ◽  
Chronic Phase ◽  
Blood Parasites ◽  
Expression Library ◽  
Antibody Specificities ◽  
Human Infections ◽  
Parasite Strains

Several recombinantTrypanosoma cruziproteins previously isolated were used as antigens to analyse antibody specificities present in sera from human infections. Some parasite proteins such as SAPA (Shed Acute Phase Antigen) are antigenic early after infection. Others, like antigens 1 and 30, are antigenic mainly during the chronic phase of the infection. To understand why different proteins are antigenic at different periods of infection, specificities of antibodies present in the sera of infected mice were compared with the antigens expressed by parasites collected directly from blood. Parasites collected during the acute parasitaemia peak expressed not only antigen SAPA, but also antigens 1 and 30. However, only antibodies against SAPA were frequently observed during the early period and also in the chronic phase of murine infection. Long-lasting antibodies against SAPA were detected regardless of the mouse and parasite strains used. Furthermore, all 8 recombinant clones detected in aT. cruziexpression library with pooled sera from acutely infected mice were homologous to the SAPA gene. These results show that even though parasites from the acute parasitaemia peak in mice may express simultaneously several proteins known to be antigenic, only antibodies against SAPA were consistently detected.

Natural and emergent Trypanosoma cruzi I genotypes revealed by mitochondrial (Cytb) and nuclear (SSU rDNA) genetic markers

2012 ◽  
Vol 132 (4) ◽  
pp. 487-494 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juan David Ramírez ◽  
María Clara Duque ◽  
Marleny Montilla ◽  
Zulma Cucunubá ◽  
Felipe Guhl
Keyword(s):  
Trypanosoma Cruzi ◽  
Genetic Markers ◽  
Ssu Rdna

scholarly journals Genetic markers validate using the natural phenotypic characteristics of shed feathers to identify individual northern goshawks Accipiter gentilis

2015 ◽  
Vol 47 (3) ◽  
pp. 443-447 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah R. Hoy ◽  
Rachel E. Ball ◽  
Xavier Lambin ◽  
D. Philip Whitfield ◽  
Michael Marquiss
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Markers ◽  
Accipiter Gentilis ◽  
Phenotypic Characteristics ◽  
Shed Feathers ◽  
Northern Goshawks

scholarly journals Dissecting the phyloepidemiology of Trypanosoma cruzi I (TcI) in Brazil by the use of high resolution genetic markers

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. e0006466 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabiola Roman ◽  
Samanta das Chagas Xavier ◽  
Louisa A. Messenger ◽  
Márcio G. Pavan ◽  
Michael A. Miles ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Trypanosoma Cruzi ◽  
Genetic Markers

scholarly journals Draft Genome Sequence of the Trypanosoma cruzi B. M. López Strain (TcIa), Isolated from a Colombian Patient

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (18) ◽  
Author(s):  
Inmaculada Gómez ◽  
Alberto Rastrojo ◽  
Francisco José Sanchez-Luque ◽  
Fabián Lorenzo-Díaz ◽  
Francisco Macías ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Trypanosoma Cruzi ◽  
Genome Sequence ◽  
Host Response ◽  
Draft Genome ◽  
Drug Susceptibility ◽  
Draft Genome Sequence ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Parasite Strains

Trypanosoma cruzi parasite strains are classified into six lineages (discrete typing units TcI to TcVI). The broad genetic diversity of T. cruzi strains has an influence on the development of the host response and pathogenesis, as well as drug susceptibility. Here, the draft genome of the T. cruzi B. M. López strain (TcIa) is reported.

scholarly journals The gene repertoire of the main cysteine protease of Trypanosoma cruzi, cruzipain, reveals four sub-types with distinct active sites

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Viviane Corrêa Santos ◽  
Antonio Edson Rocha Oliveira ◽  
Augusto César Broilo Campos ◽  
João Luís Reis-Cunha ◽  
Daniella Castanheira Bartholomeu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Trypanosoma Cruzi ◽  
Active Sites ◽  
Protozoan Parasite ◽  
Cysteine Proteases ◽  
Gene Repertoire ◽  
Parasite Life Cycle ◽  
Sequence Variations ◽  
Multigenic Family ◽  
Parasite Strains

AbstractCruzipains are the main papain-like cysteine proteases of Trypanosoma cruzi, the protozoan parasite that causes Chagas disease. Encoded by a multigenic family, previous studies have estimated the presence of dozens of copies spread over multiple chromosomes in different parasite strains. Here, we describe the complete gene repertoire of cruzipain in three parasite strains, their genomic organization, and expression pattern throughout the parasite life cycle. Furthermore, we have analyzed primary sequence variations among distinct family members as well as structural differences between the main groups of cruzipains. Based on phylogenetic inferences and residue positions crucial for enzyme function and specificity, we propose the classification of cruzipains into two families (I and II), whose genes are distributed in two or three separate clusters in the parasite genome, according with the strain. Family I comprises nearly identical copies to the previously characterized cruzipain 1/cruzain, whereas Family II encompasses three structurally distinct sub-types, named cruzipain 2, cruzipain 3, and cruzipain 4. RNA-seq data derived from the CL Brener strain indicates that Family I genes are mainly expressed by epimastigotes, whereas trypomastigotes mainly express Family II genes. Significant differences in the active sites among the enzyme sub-types were also identified, which may play a role in their substrate selectivity and impact their inhibition by small molecules.

scholarly journals The gene repertoire of the main cysteine protease of Trypanosoma cruzi, cruzipain, reveals four sub-types with distinct active sites

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Viviane Corrêa Santos ◽  
Antonio Edson Rocha Oliveira ◽  
Augusto César Broilo Campos ◽  
João Luís Reis-Cunha ◽  
Daniella Castanheira Bartholomeu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Trypanosoma Cruzi ◽  
Active Sites ◽  
Protozoan Parasite ◽  
Cysteine Proteases ◽  
Gene Repertoire ◽  
Parasite Life Cycle ◽  
Sequence Variations ◽  
Multigenic Family ◽  
Parasite Strains

Abstract Cruzipains are the main papain-like cysteine proteases of Trypanosoma cruzi, the protozoan parasite that causes Chagas disease. Encoded by a multigenic family, previous studies have estimated the presence of dozens of copies spread over multiple chromosomes in different parasite strains. Here, we describe the complete gene repertoire of cruzipain in three parasite strains, their genomic organization, and expression pattern throughout the parasite life cycle. Furthermore, we have analyzed primary sequence variations among distinct family members as well as structural differences between the main groups of cruzipains. Based on phylogenetic inferences and residue positions crucial for enzyme function and specificity, we propose the classification of cruzipains into two families (I and II), whose genes are distributed in two or three separate clusters in the parasite genome, according with the strain. Family I comprises nearly identical copies to the previously characterized cruzipain 1/cruzain, whereas Family II encompasses three structurally distinct sub-types, named cruzipain 2, cruzipain 3, and cruzipain 4. RNA-seq data derived from the CL Brener strain indicates that Family I genes are mainly expressed by epimastigotes, whereas trypomastigotes mainly express Family II genes. Significant differences in the active sites among the enzyme sub-types were also identified, which may play a role in their substrate selectivity and impact their inhibition by small molecules.

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