scholarly journals Acute Chagas disease outbreak associated with oral transmission

2008 ◽  
Vol 41 (3) ◽  
pp. 296-300 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juarez Pereira Dias ◽  
Claudilson Bastos ◽  
Eline Araújo ◽  
Ana Verônica Mascarenhas ◽  
Eduardo Martins Netto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Trypanosoma Cruzi ◽  
Chagas Disease ◽  
Disease Outbreak ◽  
Serological Tests ◽  
Oral Transmission ◽  
Triatoma Sordida ◽  
Acute Chagas Disease

Seven individuals living in a town in the Southwest of Bahia developed sudden signs of cardiac and systemic impairment, with lethality of 28.6%. Serological tests were positive at least in one test in the five patients examined. Forty percent of the Triatoma sordida mynphs found inside or around Trypanosoma cruzi were found by blood culturig in there out five cases the homes of these cases were positive for Trypanosoma cruzi. Transmission probably occurred through consumption of water contaminated with triatomine feces. These findings emphasize the necessity to evaluation the importance of vectors like Triatoma sordida in maintaining the endemicity of this disease.

scholarly journals Possible oral transmission of acute Chagas' disease in Brazil

1991 ◽  
Vol 33 (5) ◽  
pp. 351-357 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.A. Shikanai-Yasuda ◽  
C. Brisola Marcondes ◽  
L. A. Guedes ◽  
G.S. Siqueira ◽  
A.A. Barone ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Trypanosoma Cruzi ◽  
Chagas Disease ◽  
Fatal Case ◽  
Febrile Illness ◽  
Epidemiological Survey ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Oral Transmission ◽  
Chagas Cardiomyopathy ◽  
Limb Edema ◽  
Acute Chagas Disease

In October, 1986, 7 to 22 days after a meeting at a farm in Paraíba state, 26 individuals presented with a febrile illness associated with bilateral eyelid and lower limb edema, mild hepatosplenomegaly, lymphadenopathy and, occasionally a skin rash. A 11-year-old boy exhibited atrial premature complexes and a 74-year-old patient developed acute heart failure. In two patients hospitalized in São Paulo city, acute Chagas' disease was diagnosed by the demonstration of circulating Trypanosoma cruzi. At autopsy in a fatal case, acute Chagas' cardiomyopathy was demonstrated. Xenodiagnosis were positive in 9 out of 14 tested patients. A specific IgG immune response was found in all patients and specific IgM antibodies were identified in 20 out of 22 tested patients. A epidemiological survey showed the existence of Triatoma brasiliensis in the outbuildings of this farm, but none in the house where most of the guests stayed. A high rate of infection with Trypanosoma cruzi was found in opossums. These observations together with those related to the food consumed by the patients, lead the authors to suggest that the human infections resulted from oral contamination probably originating from naturally infected marsupials in the area or crushed infected bugs.

scholarly journals Oral transmission of Chagas disease: importance of Trypanosoma cruzi biodeme in the intragastric experimental infection

2002 ◽  
Vol 44 (2) ◽  
pp. 97-103 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edson Luiz P. CAMANDAROBA ◽  
Clarissa M. PINHEIRO LIMA ◽  
Sonia G. ANDRADE
Keyword(s):  
Trypanosoma Cruzi ◽  
Chagas Disease ◽  
Acute Infection ◽  
Type I ◽  
Insect Vectors ◽  
Type Iii ◽  
Oral Transmission ◽  
Acute Chagas Disease ◽  
Intraperitoneal Inoculation ◽  
High Infectivity

Oral transmission of Trypanosoma cruzi has been suspected when epidemic episodes of acute infection were observed in areas devoid of domiciled insect vectors. Considering that the distribution of T. cruzi biodemes differs in sylvatic and domestic cycles, results of studies on biodemes can be of interest regarding oral transmission. The infectivity of T. cruzi strains of different biodemes was tested in mice subjected to infection by the digestive route (gavage). Swiss mice were infected either with the Peruvian strain (Biodeme Type I, Z2b) or the Colombian strain (Biodeme Type III, Z1, or T. cruzi I); for control, intraperitoneal inoculation was performed in a group of mice. The Colombian strain revealed a similar high infectivity and pathogenicity when either route of infection was used. However, the Peruvian strain showed contrasting levels of infectivity and pathogenicity, being high by intraperitoneal inoculation and low when the gastric route was used. The higher infectivity of the Colombian strain (Biodeme Type III) by gastric inoculation is in keeping with its role in the epidemic episodes of acute Chagas disease registered in the literature, since strains belonging to Biodeme III are most often found in sylvatic hosts.

The risk of oral transmission in an area of a Chagas disease outbreak in the Brazilian northeast evaluated through entomological, socioeconomic and schooling indicators

Acta Tropica ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 215 ◽  
pp. 105803
Author(s):  
Jackeline Monsalve-Lara ◽  
Maurício Lilioso ◽  
Carolina Valença-Barbosa ◽  
Patricia J Thyssen ◽  
Danilo C Miguel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chagas Disease ◽  
Disease Outbreak ◽  
Oral Transmission ◽  
Brazilian Northeast

Investigation of two outbreaks of suspected oral transmission of acute Chagas disease in the Amazon region, Pará State, Brazil, in 2007

2009 ◽  
Vol 39 (4) ◽  
pp. 231-232 ◽  
Author(s):  
Henrique de Barros Moreira Beltrão ◽  
Matheus de Paula Cerroni ◽  
Daniel Roberto Coradi de Freitas ◽  
Ana Yecê das Neves Pinto ◽  
Vera da Costa Valente ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chagas Disease ◽  
Amazon Region ◽  
Oral Transmission ◽  
Acute Chagas Disease

scholarly journals Mother-child transmission of Chagas disease: could coinfection with human immunodeficiency virus increase the risk?

2009 ◽  
Vol 42 (2) ◽  
pp. 107-109 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pablo Gustavo Scapellato ◽  
Edgardo Gabriel Bottaro ◽  
María Teresa Rodríguez-Brieschke
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Trypanosoma Cruzi ◽  
Chagas Disease ◽  
Vertical Transmission ◽  
Disease Transmission ◽  
Transmission Rate ◽  
Buffy Coat ◽  
Child Transmission ◽  
Serological Tests ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus

A study was conducted on all newborns from mothers with Chagas disease who were attended at Hospital Donación F. Santojanni between January 1, 2001, and August 31, 2007. Each child was investigated for the presence of Trypanosoma cruzi parasitemia through direct examination of blood under the microscope using the buffy coat method on three occasions during the first six months of life. Serological tests were then performed. Ninety-four children born to mothers infected with Trypanosoma cruzi were attended over the study period. Three of these children were born to mothers coinfected with the human immunodeficiency virus. Vertical transmission of Chagas disease was diagnosed in 13 children, in all cases by identifying parasitemia. The overall Chagas disease transmission rate was 13.8% (13/94). It was 100% (3/3) among the children born to mothers with HIV infection and 10.9% (10/91) among children born to mothers without HIV [Difference = 0.89; CI95 = 0.82-0.95; p = 0.0021]. We concluded that coinfection with HIV could increase the risk of vertical transmission of Chagas disease.

scholarly journals Occurrence of positivity for Trypanosoma cruzi in triatomine from municipalities in Southeastern Brazil, from 2002 to 2004

2010 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Márcia Beatriz Cardoso de Paula ◽  
Idessânia Nazareth da Costa ◽  
Paula de Albuquerque Freitas ◽  
Jean Ezequiel Limongi ◽  
Adalberto de Albuquerque Pajuaba Neto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Trypanosoma Cruzi ◽  
Chagas Disease ◽  
National Health ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Southeastern Brazil ◽  
Entomological Surveillance ◽  
Ministry Of Health ◽  
Panstrongylus Megistus ◽  
Triatoma Sordida ◽  
Panstrongylus Geniculatus

INTRODUCTION: from an epidemiological point of view, more than 120 species of triatomine (Hemiptera, Reduviidae) are known. The occurrence and positivity for Trypanosoma cruzi in triatomines in 16 municipalities of the Triângulo Mineiro and Alto Paranaíba were evaluated from January 2002 to December 2004. METHODS: the triatomines were captured basically according to the classic norms of the National Health Foundation. The parasitological exams of the triatomines were conducted according to the technique described by the Ministry of Health. During the study period, 990 specimens of triatomines were captured and of these, 771 could be examined. RESULTS: five species were identified: Triatoma sordida, Panstrongylus diasi, Panstrongylus megistus, Panstrongylus geniculatus and Rhodnius neglectus. Triatoma sordida represented 71.5% of all the triatomines captured, followed by Panstrongylus megistus (18%), Rhodnius neglectus (9.3%), Panstrongylus diasi (0.8%) and Panstrongylus geniculatus (0.4%). Of the total number of triatomines examined, 2.7% were positive for Trypanosoma cruzi. Panstrongylus megistus was the species that presented the highest rates of infection by Trypanosoma cruzi (8.3%), followed by Rhodnius neglectus (2.9%) and Triatoma sordida (1.4%). CONCLUSIONS: there is a need to adapt to new circumstances in epidemiology, with greater emphasis on entomological surveillance, since the potential for adaptation of secondary species of triatomines exists, especially where Chagas' disease is already under control.

scholarly journals Triatomine Fauna and Recent Epidemiological Dynamics of Chagas Disease in an Endemic Area of Northeast Brazil

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cláudia M. Melo ◽  
Ana Carla F. G. Cruz ◽  
Antônio Fernando V. A. Lima ◽  
Luan R. Silva ◽  
Rubens R. Madi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Trypanosoma Cruzi ◽  
Disease Control ◽  
Chagas Disease ◽  
Control Program ◽  
The State ◽  
Positive Serology ◽  
Serological Tests ◽  
Systemic Analysis ◽  
South Central ◽  
Disease Control Program

Updated information of the dispersion dynamics of Chagas disease (CD) and a systemic analysis of these data will aid the early identification of areas that are vulnerable to transmission and enable efficient intervention. This work synthesized spatiotemporal information regarding triatomine fauna and analyzed this information in combination with the results from serological tests to elucidate the epidemiological panorama of CD in the state of Sergipe, Brazil. This is a retrospective analytical study that utilized information from the database of the National Chagas Disease Control Program. Between 2010 and 2016, 838 triatomines of eight species, namely, Panstrongylus geniculatus, which was first recorded in the state of Sergipe, Panstrongylus lutzi, P. megistus, Triatoma brasiliensis, T. pseudomaculata, T. tibiamaculata, T. melanocephala, and Rhodnius neglectus, were collected. Optical microscopy revealed that 13.2% of triatomines examined were infected by Trypanosoma cruzi-like flagellates. The distribution of triatomines exhibits an expanding south-central to northern dispersion, with a preference for semiarid and agreste areas and occasional observations in humid coastal areas due to anthropogenic actions reflected in the environment. Of the human cases analyzed from 2012 to 2016, 8.3% (191/2316) presented positive serology for Trypanosoma cruzi, and this proportion showed a gradual increase in the southern center of the state and new notifications in coastal regions. There is a need for intensification and continuity of the measures adopted by the Chagas Disease Control Program in Sergipe, identifying new priority areas for intervention and preferential ecotopes of the vectors, considering the occurrence of positive triatomines intradomicilliary and a source of new triatomines in the peridomiciles.

scholarly journals Simultaneous identification of Trypanosoma cruzi surface and internal antigens reactive to different immunoglobulin classes (radio-immunoblotting)

1990 ◽  
Vol 32 (5) ◽  
pp. 379-383 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Maria Simonsen Stolf ◽  
Eufrosina Setsu Umezawa ◽  
Bianca Zingales
Keyword(s):  
Trypanosoma Cruzi ◽  
Western Blot ◽  
Chagas Disease ◽  
Western Blotting ◽  
Specific Antibodies ◽  
Internal Parasite ◽  
Sds Page ◽  
Blotting Technique ◽  
Simultaneous Identification ◽  
Acute Chagas Disease

A radioactive Western-blotting technique was developed by which the reactivity of Immunoglobulins (Igs) from different classes to both membrane radiolabelled and internal parasite antigens is simultaneously identified. The method includes radioiodination of parasites, polypeptide fractionation by SDS-PAGE, Western-blot transfer and autoradiography of the immunoblots developed with anti-Igs conjugates labelled with enzymes. The analysis is then performed by the comparison of common bands on the autoradiograms and the respective substrate stained nitrocellulose blots. This technique was used to analyse T. cruzi trypomastigote surface labelled antigens reactive to IgM, IgA and IgG specific antibodies. A different pattern of reactivity with acute Chagas' disease patients sera was thus obtained.

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