scholarly journals Lability of Cd, Cr, Cu, Mn and Pb complexed by aquatic humic substances

2005 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 45-51 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. R. Castro ◽  
C. C. F. Padilha ◽  
J. C. Rocha ◽  
J. P. S. Valente ◽  
A. de O. Florentino ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ion Exchange ◽  
Metal Ions ◽  
Humic Substances ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Metal Ion ◽  
Distribution Coefficients ◽  
Metal Exchange ◽  
Aquatic Humic Substances ◽  
Ph Values ◽  
Complexation Time

The lability of Cd(II), Cr(III), Cu(II), Mn(II) and Pb(II) complexed by humic substances (HSs) was investigated by means of ion exchange on cellulose modified with p-aminobenzoic groups (Cell-PAB), using a batch procedure. The HSs were extracted from water samples using adsorption in a column packed with XAD 8 resin. The metal-HS complexes were prepared by adding solutions containing all the aforementioned metal ions ( Cd(II), Cr(III), Cu(II), Mn(II) and Pb(II) ). The results indicated that the distribution coefficients (Kd) of Cell-PAB decreased with the presence of HSs, and that the lability of metal fractions complexed by HSs decreases in pH values > 4.0, complexation time > 10 h and HS concentration > 500 mg L-1. The metal exchange between HSs and Cell-PAB exhibited the following order of metal ion lability: Cd < Pb < Mn <FONT FACE=Symbol>@</FONT> Cr < Cu.

Nano Sized Tin Zirconium Phosphate Ion Exchanger as Copper Scavenger

2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (11) ◽  
pp. 28-33
Author(s):  
Valsaraj P. Vinisha ◽  
S. Mahesh ◽  
C. Janardanan
Keyword(s):  
Ion Exchange ◽  
Metal Ions ◽  
Metal Ion ◽  
Waste Water Treatment ◽  
Copper Ion ◽  
Distribution Coefficients ◽  
Ion Exchanger ◽  
Precipitation Method ◽  
Hydroxyl Groups ◽  
High Affinity

A new four component nano sized tin zirconium molybdophosphate, an inorganic ion exchanger of the class of tetravalent metal acid (TMA) salts has been synthesized by co-precipitation method and its ion exchange behaviour was studied. Characterization of the exchanger was done by ICP-AES method and structural studies were carried out using TGA, XRD and FTIR. From the XRD pattern studies, the synthesized ion exchanger was found to be size of 70- 75 nm. The sodium exchange capacity of material was found to be 3.92meq/g. The chemical resistivity of the material has been assessed in various acids, bases and organic solvents like 1M HNO3, IM H2SO4, acetic acid etc. The effects of temperature on capacity, effect of electrolyte concentration and analytical applications also were studied. The protons of hydroxyl groups were found to be the active site. The distribution coefficients of different metal ions like Pb2+, Cu2+, Co2+, Cd2+, Mn2+, Zn2+, Mg2+, Bi3+, Hg2+, Ni2+, Th4+, Ca2+ were studied. On the basis of distribution studies, it was found that the exchanger has high affinity towards Pb2+ and Cu2+ compared with other metal ions. Due to its high affinity towards copper metal ion, it can be used as copper scavenger for waste water treatment and its binary separation of Cu2+ from Mn2+, Mg2+, Cd2+ and Ni2+ was carried out. The UV- Visible Spectrophotometer model JASCO V660 with diffuse reflectance accessories is used to study the absorption of the copper ion on the ion exchange.

Recent Advances in Water Treatment Using Graphene-based Materials

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 74-90 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nader Ghaffari Khaligh ◽  
Mohd Rafie Johan
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Water Treatment ◽  
Ion Exchange ◽  
Metal Ions ◽  
Metal Ion ◽  
Heavy Metal Ions ◽  
Membrane Filtration ◽  
Chemical Precipitation ◽  
High Specific Surface Area ◽  
Adsorption Parameters

: A variety of processes were reported for efficient removing of heavy metal from wastewater, including but not limited to ion exchange, reverse osmosis, membrane filtration, flotation, coagulation, chemical precipitation, solvent extraction, electrochemical treatments, evaporation, oxidation, adsorption, and biosorption. Among the aforementioned techniques, adsorption/ion exchange has been known as a most important method for removing heavy metal ions and organic pollutants due to great removal performance, simple and easy process, cost-effectiveness and the considerable choice of adsorbent materials. : Nanotechnology and its applications have been developed in most branches of science and technology. Extensive studies have been conducted to remove heavy metal ions from wastewater by preparation and applications of various nanomaterials. Nanomaterials offer advantages in comparison to other materials including an extremely high specific surface area, low-temperature modification, short intraparticle diffusion distance, numerous associated sorption sites, tunable surface chemistry, and pore size. In order to evaluate an adsorbent, two key parameters are: the adsorption capacity and the desorption property. The adsorption parameters including the absorbent loading, pH and temperature, concentration of heavy metal ion, ionic strength, and competition among metal ions are often studied and optimized. : Several reviews have been published on the application of Graphene (G), Graphene Oxide (GO) in water treatment. In this minireview, we attempted to summarize the recent research advances in water treatment and remediation process by graphene-based materials and provide intensive knowledge of the removal of pollutants in batch and flow systems. Finally, future applicability perspectives are offered to encourage more interesting developments in this promising field. This minireview does not include patent literature.

Metallionen als Löscher der Huminstoff-Lumineszenz / Metal Ions as Quencher of the Luminescence of Humic Substances

1992 ◽  
Vol 47 (3) ◽  
pp. 399-405 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christoph F. Scheck ◽  
Fritz H. Frimmel ◽  
André M. Braun
Keyword(s):  
Metal Ions ◽  
Humic Substances ◽  
Aquatic Humic Substances ◽  
Paramagnetic Metal

AbstractThe luminescence of aquatic humic substances in water is quenched over a broad range of pH by paramagnetic metal ions like iron(II) and manganese(II). The efficiency dependents on the pH of the solution and rises with increasing basicity; this parallels the complexing of metal ions by humic substances. No quenching of the luminescence is observed by the addition of aluminium(III).

scholarly journals Ion Exchange Properties of a Terpolymer Resin Derived from 2, 4-Dihydroxybenzaldehyde, Oxamide and Formaldehyde

2009 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 639-650 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. V. Tarase ◽  
W. B. Gurnule ◽  
A. B. Zade
Keyword(s):  
Hydrochloric Acid ◽  
Ion Exchange ◽  
Metal Ions ◽  
Metal Ion ◽  
Polymer Sample ◽  
Equilibrium Method ◽  
Wide Ph Range ◽  
Ph Range ◽  
Exchange Properties

Terpolymer resins (2,4-DHBOF) were synthesized by the condensation of 2,4-dihydroxybenzaldehyde and oxamide with formaldehyde in the presence of hydrochloric acid as catalyst, proved to be selective chelation ion exchange terpolymer resins for certain metals. Chelation ion exchange properties of these polymers were studied for Fe+3, Cu+2, Hg+2, Cd+2, Co+2, Zn+2, Ni+2and Pb+2ions. A batch equilibrium method was employed in the study of the selectivity of the distribution of a given metal ions between the polymer sample and a solution containing the metal ion. The study was carried out over a wide pH range and in a media of various ionic strengths. The polymer showed a higher selectivity for Fe+3, Cd+2and Co+2ions than for Cu+2, Hg+2, Zn+2, Ni+2and Pb+2ions.

Intermediate-stage transition metal ion exchange in a zeolite X

1982 ◽  
Vol 35 (7) ◽  
pp. 1335 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Chatterjee ◽  
D Ganguli
Keyword(s):  
Ion Exchange ◽  
Transition Metal ◽  
Metal Ions ◽  
Metal Ion ◽  
Intermediate Stage ◽  
Transition Metal Ions ◽  
Zeolite X ◽  
Counter Ions ◽  
Metal Ion Exchange ◽  
Exchange Behaviour

The exchange behaviour of some divalent transition metal ions M2+ (Zn2+, Cu2+, Ni2+, Co2+, Mn2+) in a zeolite NaX (SiO2/Al2O3 2.75) was studied at intermediate stages before equilibrium. The equivalent counter ion supply in the solution, given by the equivalent ratio of the two counter ions 2M2+/Na+, was found to be critical in determining the saturation level of exchange. The series of relative abilities of exchange was very similar to the well known selectivity series at equilibrium. It is suggested that water exchange of the metal ions in solution could be one of the factors controlling the relative ease of ion exchange.

scholarly journals Multiple α-mannosidase activities in mammalian tissues as shown by metal-ion activation

1977 ◽  
Vol 163 (3) ◽  
pp. 557-564 ◽  
Author(s):  
S M Snaith
Keyword(s):  
Metal Ions ◽  
Metal Ion ◽  
Active Enzyme ◽  
Thiol Groups ◽  
Ion Activation ◽  
Ph Values ◽  
Neutral Ph ◽  
Mammalian Tissues ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Metal Ion Activation

1. Four different types of alpha-mannosidase activity were shown to occur in several tissues from the rat. There is the Zn2+-dependent enzyme, active at acidic pH, and three enzymes that are active near to neutral pH. 2. The ‘neutral’ enzymes are activated by Fe2+, Co2+ or Mn2+. 3. Optimum activities for these three enzymes are shown at pH values of 5.2, 6.5 and 7.3. The activity at pH6.5 is the only one evident without metal-ion activation, but activity is enhanced by all three metal ions. The activity at pH 5.2 is seen only in the presence of Fe2+ or Co2+, and the activity at pH7.3 is seen only in the presence of Co2+ or Mn2+ and in a non-chelating buffer medium. 4. The pH6.5-active enzyme is inactivated by EDTA, but activity is restored by excess of metal ion. 5. The enzymes differ markedly in their stability. The pH6.5-active enzyme is very labile and the pH7.3-active enzyme is the most stable. 6. Tissue preparations vary widely in their activity at pH6.5, but where activity is low it can be increased by incubation with one of the activating metal cations. 7. All the enzymes active at neutral pH are inhibited by heavy-metal ions and stabilized to some extent by thiol groups.

Preparation, ion-exchange, and electrochemical behavior of Cs-type manganese oxides with a novel hexagonal-like morphology

2007 ◽  
Vol 22 (9) ◽  
pp. 2437-2447 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zong-Huai Liu ◽  
Liping Kang ◽  
Mingzhu Zhao ◽  
Kenta Ooi
Keyword(s):  
Ion Exchange ◽  
Alkali Metal ◽  
Metal Ions ◽  
Metal Ion ◽  
Manganese Oxides ◽  
Thermal Analyses ◽  
Alkali Metal Ions ◽  
Ph Titration ◽  
High Discharge Capacity ◽  
Treated Sample

Cs-type layered manganese oxide with a novel hexagonal-like morphology (Cs–BirMO) was prepared by a solid-state reaction procedure. The Cs+ extraction and alkali–metal ion insertion reactions were investigated by chemical analyses, x-ray analyses, scanning electron microscopy observation, Fourier transform-infrared spectroscopy, thermogravimetric differential thermal analyses, pH titration, and distribution coefficient (Kd) measurements. A considerable percentage (88%) of Cs+ ions in the interlayer sites were topotactically extracted by acid treatment, accompanied by a slight change of the lattice parameters. Alkali–metal ions could be inserted into the interlayer of the acid-treated sample (H–BirMO), mainly by an ion-exchange mechanism. The pH titration curve of the H–BirMO sample showed a simple monobasic acid toward Li+, Rb+, and Cs+ ions, and dibasic acid behavior toward Na+ and K+ ions. The order of the apparent capacity was K+ > Li+ ≈ Na+ ≈ Rb+ ≈ Cs+ at pH < 6. The Kd study showed the selectivity sequence of K+ > Rb+ > Na+ > Li+ for alkali–metal ions at the range of pH <5; H–BirMO sample showed markedly high selectivity for the adsorption of K+ ions. Preliminary investigations of the electrochemical properties of the Li+-inserted sample Li–BirMO(1M, 6d) showed that the obtained samples had a relatively high discharge capacity of 115 mAh g−1 and excellent layered stability.

scholarly journals Column Extraction and Separation of Some Metal Ions by Diethylenetriamine Polysiloxane Immobilized Ligand System

2008 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 107-113 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nizam M. El-Ashgar
Keyword(s):  
Metal Ions ◽  
Metal Ion ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Good Separation ◽  
Extraction And Separation ◽  
Ph Values ◽  
Ligand System ◽  
Chromatographic Parameters ◽  
Column Extraction ◽  
Optimum Separation

An extraction chromatographic solid porous polysiloxane functionalized by chelating diethylenetriamine ligand of the general formula P-(CH2)3-NH(CH2)2NH(CH2)2NH2, (Where P represents [Si-O]nsiloxane network) has been evaluated for the separation of Co(II), Ni(II) and Cu(II) from aqueous solutions. The chromatographic parameters of the separation method have been optimized. The ligand system retained Co(II), Cu(II) and Zn(II) effectively when used as a metal ion extractant by controlling the pH value. The ligand system also shows a good separation of a mixture of metal ions Co(II), Ni(II) and Cu(II) when used as chromatographic stationary phase. The optimum separation pH values were 4.5, 4 for Co(II) and Ni(II) respectively, while a solution of 0.1 M HNO3was used to elute Cu(II). Metal ions were also preconcentrated at pH 5.5. The chemisorbed metal ions were regenerated from the solid extractant using 0.5 M HCl.

scholarly journals PENGEMBANGAN METODE CITRA DIGITAL BERBASIS APLIKASI ANDROID UNTUK ANALISIS ION LOGAM Cr(VI)

Alotrop ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 117-124
Author(s):  
Marti Hitsmi ◽  
Mochamad Lutfi Firdaus ◽  
Nurhamidah Nurhamidah
Keyword(s):  
Metal Ions ◽  
Digital Image ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Metal Ion ◽  
Limit Of Detection ◽  
Tap Water ◽  
Inductively Couple Plasma ◽  
Image Method ◽  
Complex Method ◽  
Conventional Methods

The presence of heavy metals in the environment can be a serious problem because it is harmful to human health. One of the heavy metal ions that pollute the environment is the Cr6+ metal ion. The usual tool used to analyze metal ions is Cr6+ is the Atomic Absorption Spectrometry (AAS) and Inductively Couple Plasma (ICP) which are very expensive and require trained personnel. The purpose of this study was to design a simple detector for Cr6+ metal ions as an alternative to conventional methods using AAS and ICP. The detection tool was developed using the android-based digital image method with SLR data analysis techniques obtained from the reaction of the metal ion complex Cr6 + with the compound dhypenilcarbazida (DPC). The parameters of the tool measured were accuracy, selectivity and sensitivity with the reaction of DPC compounds as complexes. The comparison level of this method is the complex method with DPC using a UV-Vis spectrophotometer. This research was carried out in the Chemistry Laboratory FKIP UNIB in November 2018 until March 2019. The implementation of tool parameters was tested to samples of aquatic environments in Bengkulu City, namely PDAM Kota Bengkulu water, tap water of FKIP UNIB Dean, Lake UNIB water, Sungai Hitam water and water Pantai Panjang. The results showed that the detection of Cr6+ metal ions made by the android-based digital image method had better accuracy, selectivity and sensitivity than conventional methods. The DPC is selective for Cr6 + metal ions with a change in color from clear to violet, at a wavelength of 540 nm. Accuracy was checked using a UV-Vis spectrophotometer with 99% accurate results. After that, test sensitivity to Cr6 + metal ions. using the android application method generates a Limit of Detection (LOD) of 6.7 ppb. The detector that was developed was applied to water samples in the city of Bengkulu, it turned out that all of the water samples showed that the levels of Cr6+ metal ions were still below the threshold determined by the Minister of Health Regulation, so it was still safe to use in everyday life.

scholarly journals Nanostructured faujasite zeolite as metal ion adsorbent: kinetics, equilibrium adsorption and metal recovery studies

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariana B. Goncalves ◽  
Djanyna V. C. Schmidt ◽  
Fabiana S. dos Santos ◽  
Daniel F. Cipriano ◽  
Gustavo R. Gonçalves ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ion Exchange ◽  
Metal Ions ◽  
Metal Ion ◽  
Active Sites ◽  
Metal Removal ◽  
High Surface ◽  
High Surface Area ◽  
Kinetic Studies ◽  
Crystallization Time ◽  
X Ray

Abstract The hydrothermal synthesis of nano-faujasite has been successfully performed and the effects of some crystallization parameters were investigated, along with the use of this material as a heavy-metal ion adsorbent. X-ray diffraction patterns have shown that the structure of the nano-faujasite is strongly dependent on both the crystallization time and the alkalinity of the synthesis medium. According to N2 physisorption, X-ray fluorescence, SEM/EDS, and solid state 29Si and 27Al NMR data, the produced nano-faujasite consists of a solid with low molar Si/Al ratio (1.7), with high availability of ion exchange sites and high surface area/small particle size, allowing easy diffusion of metal ions to adsorbent active sites. As a consequence, an excellent performance on removal of Cd2+, Zn2+ and Cu2+ ions was found for this solid. The adsorption capacity followed the order Cd2+ (133 mg·g−1) &gt; Zn2+ (115 mg·g−1) &gt; Cu2+ (99 mg·g−1), which agrees with the order of increasing absolute values of the hydration energy of the metal ions. Kinetic studies and adsorption isotherms showed that the metal ion removal takes place by ion exchange on the monolayer surface of the nano-faujasite. The electrochemical recovery of copper in metallic form exhibited an efficiency of 80.2% after 120 min, which suggests that this process can be adequately implemented for full-scale metal removal.

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