scholarly journals Antibodies against Neospora caninum, Sarcocystis spp. and Toxoplasma gondii detected in buffaloes from Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil

2016 ◽  
Vol 36 (10) ◽  
pp. 947-950 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luiza P. Portella ◽  
◽  
Gustavo C. Cadore ◽  
Marcelo de Lima ◽  
Luís A. Sangioni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Toxoplasma Gondii ◽  
Neospora Caninum ◽  
Fluorescent Antibody ◽  
Rio Grande ◽  
Antibody Test ◽  
Public Health Issue ◽  
Rio Grande Do Sul ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Caninum Infection ◽  
Sarcocystis Spp

ABSTRACT: The presence of antibodies against Neospora caninum, Sarcocystis spp. and Toxoplasma gondii was evaluated in buffaloes (Bubalus bubalis) from Rio Grande do Sul state (RS), southern Brazil. Serum samples (n=220) were analyzed for antibodies by indirect fluorescent antibody test (IFAT). Antibody presence was considered when the titers were equal or higher than 100 for these protozoa. A total of 60.5% (133/220) buffalo serum samples were positive for at least one of the protozoa evaluated in this study. Antibodies for N. caninum, Sarcocystis spp. and T. gondii were found in 36.4% (80/220), 25.5% (56/220) and 16.8% (37/220) of the buffaloes respectively, indicating a higher frequency of N. caninum infection (p=0.0133). The IFAT is a suitable method to diagnose N. caninum, Sarcocystis spp. and T. gondii infection in buffaloes for detecting IgG antibodies. This study demonstrates the presence of these three protozoa in buffalo herds in RS, Brazil, which may be source of infection to other animals. The high frequency of animals positive for N. caninum is important and could be related to reproductive problems. Additionally, the presence of Sarcocystis spp. and T. gondii in buffaloes can be a possible public health issue.

scholarly journals Neospora spp. and Toxoplasma gondii infection in sheep flocks from Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil

2016 ◽  
Vol 37 (3) ◽  
pp. 1397 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maiara Sanitá Tafner Ferreira ◽  
Fernanda Silveira Flores Vogel ◽  
Luis Antonio Sangioni ◽  
Alfredo Skrebsky Cezar ◽  
Fernanda Rezer de Menezes
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Toxoplasma Gondii ◽  
Neospora Caninum ◽  
Fluorescent Antibody ◽  
Rio Grande ◽  
Antibody Test ◽  
Rio Grande Do Sul ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Potential Damage ◽  
Toxoplasma Gondii Infection

Neospora caninum and Toxoplasma gondii are coccidian parasites (protozoa: Apicomplexa) that cause reproductive losses in ruminants. Although, in sheep, abortion is generally related to T. gondii, potential damage caused by N. caninum must be considered. The aims of this study were to evaluate the frequencies of antibodies against Neospora spp. and T. gondii, and to identify the risk factors related to neosporosis and toxoplasmosis in sheep from ten flocks located in Central-Western, Northwestern, Southwestern, and Southeastern mesoregions of the Rio Grande do Sul state, southern Brazil. Blood samples were collected from 300 sheep (30 per flock) and an epidemiological questionnaire was completed by the farmers. The presence of canids, felids, and rodents, the sources of water for the animals, and their reproductive history were investigated as potential epidemiological factors related to the studied infections. Serum samples were tested by the indirect fluorescent antibody test for the presence of antibodies against Neospora spp. (cutoff 1:50) and T. gondii (cutoff 1:64), with respective frequencies detected being 16.3% (49/300) and 41.3% (124/300). Seropositivity to both parasites was observed in 8% (24/300) of the animals. Neospora spp. and T. gondii were present in 90% (9/10) and 100% (10/10) of the flocks, respectively. The presence of cats in the pastures, pens, and barns was significantly associated (p=0.047) with high frequencies (53.3% to 70%) of antibodies against T. gondii in the flocks. However, no associations were detected (p>0.05) between each of the other risk factors and the frequency of antibodies against Neospora spp. or T. gondii. Results of this study showed a broad distribution of both protozoa in evaluated sheep flocks.

scholarly journals Risk factor analysis associated with Neospora caninum in dairy cattle in Western Brazilian Amazon

2021 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Poliana de Jesus Souza Venturoso ◽  
Osvaldo Juliatti Venturoso ◽  
Gisele Glomba Silva ◽  
Maerle Oliveira Maia ◽  
Rute Witter ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Dairy Cattle ◽  
Neospora Caninum ◽  
Fluorescent Antibody ◽  
Antibody Test ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Present Survey ◽  
Caninum Infection ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
And Control

Abstract Neospora caninum is considered to be one of the main causes of abortion among cattle. The present survey was conducted in the municipality of Rolim de Moura, Rondônia State, Brazil. A questionnaire that investigates the epidemiological aspects of neosporosis was used in the analysis of risk factors associated with the animal-level and herd-level prevalence in dairy cattle. A total of 416 bovine blood samples were collected from 30 farms, and N. caninum antibody levels were measured by Indirect Fluorescent Antibody Test (IFAT). Analysis of dairy cattle serum samples revealed the presence of anti-N. caninum antibodies to be 47.36% (n = 197). Risk factors associated with N. caninum infection were the management system and access locations of dogs. The results of the present survey indicated that infection of dairy cattle with N. caninum is widespread in the studied region of Western Amazon, which has implications for prevention and control of neosporosis in this region. Therefore, integrated control strategies and measures are recommended to prevent and control N. caninum infection in dairy cattle. In addition, direct contact between dairy cattle, dogs and wild animals, which can influence the epidemiology of neosporosis, should be investigated further.

scholarly journals Anti-Toxoplasma gondii and anti-Neospora caninum antibodies in capybaras (Hydrochoerus hydrochaeris) from Itu Municipality, São Paulo

2016 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 116-118 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juliana Aizawa Porto de Abreu ◽  
Felipe da Silva Krawczak ◽  
Fernanda Passos Nunes ◽  
Marcelo Bahia Labruna ◽  
Hilda Fátima de Jesus Pena
Keyword(s):  
Toxoplasma Gondii ◽  
Neospora Caninum ◽  
Fluorescent Antibody ◽  
Antibody Test ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Intermediate Hosts ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Hydrochoerus Hydrochaeris ◽  
Park Area

Abstract Capybaras (Hydrochoerus hydrochaeris) are the largest rodents found in South America. The aim of the present study was to investigate the occurrence of anti-Toxoplasma gondii and anti-Neospora caninum antibodies in 170 free-living capybaras in a residential park area in Itu Municipality, São Paulo State, Brazil. Serum samples were tested by indirect fluorescent antibody test (IFAT) for T. gondii (IFAT ≥ 1:16) and N. caninum (IFAT ≥ 1:50). Among the 170 samples analyzed, 10% (17/170) and 0% (0/170) were seropositive for T. gondii and N. caninum, respectively. This study confirms the widespread presence of T. gondii and reinforces the role of capybaras in the life cycle of this parasite. Capybaras may not be important as intermediate hosts of N. caninum in the studied environment.

scholarly journals Antibodies to Neospora caninum in sheep from slaughterhouses in the state of São Paulo, Brazil

2015 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 95-100 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laís Moraes Paiz ◽  
Rodrigo Costa da Silva ◽  
Benedito Donizete Menozzi ◽  
Helio Langoni
Keyword(s):  
Neospora Caninum ◽  
Univariate Analysis ◽  
Rio Grande ◽  
Antibody Test ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Rio Grande Do Sul ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Indirect Fluorescence Antibody ◽  
Intensive System

Neosporosis is an emergent disease responsible for considerable economic impact due to reproductive losses. Its zoonotic potential remains unknown. This study involved a survey of antibodies to Neospora caninum in slaughtered sheep and their association with epidemiological variables. Serum samples from 596 sheep from the states of São Paulo and Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, were collected in two slaughterhouses located in São Paulo and evaluated by indirect fluorescence antibody test (IFAT), using cut-off titers of 25. Among these samples, 353/596 (59.23%; 95%CI 55.23-63.10) were positive and 263/353 (74.50%; 95%CI 69.71-78.77%) were from Rio Grande do Sul. Statistical associations were determined in the univariate analysis between the serological results and sex, breed and municipality of origin. Sheep that came from extensive breeding system showed higher chance (OR=2.09) of presenting antibodies to N. caninum in relation to those from semi-intensive system. Higher chance was also observed for the different studied breeds, except Bergamácia, in relation to Hampshire Down. The results revealed the presence of infection by N. caninum in sheep from slaughterhouses.

scholarly journals Detection of antibodies against Sarcocystis neurona, Neospora caninum and Toxoplasma gondii in horses, dogs and cat

2019 ◽  
Vol 56 (2) ◽  
pp. e152918
Author(s):  
Marilia De Oliveira Koch ◽  
Luciane Maria Laskoski ◽  
Daniel Moura de Aguiar ◽  
Bianca Ressetti da Silva ◽  
Reinaldo Ramos Régio ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Toxoplasma Gondii ◽  
Neospora Caninum ◽  
Fluorescent Antibody ◽  
Clinical Pathology ◽  
Antibody Test ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Pathology Laboratory ◽  
Sarcocystis Neurona ◽  
Neurological Signs ◽  
The University

The occurrence and distribution of antibodies against Sarcocystis neurona, Neospora caninum and Toxoplasma gondii was investigated in horses, dogs and cats from Curitiba, Paraná state, Brazil. Serum samples were selected from 100 horses, 100 dogs and 100 cats from the routine of the Veterinary Clinical Pathology Laboratory in the Veterinary Hospital of the University of Paraná (UFPR). The 100 dog samples were divided into two groups: 35 samples from dogs with neurological sign (convulsion) and 65 samples from dogs without neurological signs. The animals were adults of different breeds, males and females. Samples were analyzed by indirect fluorescent antibody test (IFAT) for protozoa S. neurona, N. caninum andT. gondii at the following cut-off dilutions: horses: 1:50, 1:50 and 1:16; dogs: 1:50, 1:50 and 1:16; cats: 1:50, 1:50 and 1:50, respectively. The obtained results were 42% of horses, 7% of dogs and 5% of cats seropositive for S. neurona; 58% of horses, 68% of dogs and 42% of cats seropositive to N. caninum, and 36% of horses, 20% of dogs and 21% of cats seropositive for T. gondii. Among the dogs with neurological signs, 8.6%, 68.6% and 25.7% were seropositive for S. neurona, N. caninum and T. gondii, respectively. Among the dogs without neurological signs, 6.2% 67.7% and 16.9% were seropositive for S. neurona, N. caninum and T. gondii, respectively. No statistical difference was found between groups of seropositive dogs for the three protozoa with neurological signs and without neurological signs. Co-infection and high antibody titers were detected. The antibodies against Sarcocystis neurona, Neospora caninum and Toxoplasma gondii were found widely distributed among horses, dogs and cats in the region of Curitiba, state of Paraná, Brazil.   

Seroprevalence of Toxoplasma gondii and Neospora caninum infection of cats in Hungary

2008 ◽  
Vol 56 (1) ◽  
pp. 81-88 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sándor Hornok ◽  
Renate Edelhofer ◽  
Anja Joachim ◽  
Róbert Farkas ◽  
Krisztián Berta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Toxoplasma Gondii ◽  
Indirect Fluorescent Antibody Test ◽  
Neospora Caninum ◽  
Fluorescent Antibody ◽  
Antibody Test ◽  
Concurrent Infection ◽  
Indirect Fluorescent Antibody ◽  
Caninum Infection ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Feline Infectious Peritonitis

Blood samples were collected from 330 cats in Hungary in order to evaluate their seroconversion to Toxoplasma gondii and Neospora caninum using the indirect fluorescent antibody test (IFAT). The overall prevalence of toxoplasmosis was 47.6%, the prevalence being 22.4% among urban, 50% among suburban and 61.3% among rural animals. Significantly more cats had high IFAT titres (1:640 to 1:5120) in the countryside. Female cats were more frequently infected with T. gondii than males (53.3% vs. 39.3%), and seropositivity increased with the age of animals. The prevalence (0.6%) and titre (1:40) of antibodies to N. caninum was low. Sixty-two cats were also screened for seroconversion to feline infectious peritonitis (FIP) virus. Higher titres to T. gondii were more frequently detected among FIP-positive cats, but this difference was non-significant due to the small number of cats with concurrent infection.

scholarly journals Detection of Neospora caninum and Toxoplasma gondii in Semen of Naturally Infected Rams

2019 ◽  
Vol 47 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marilia De Oliveira Koch ◽  
Rosangela Locatelli Dittrich ◽  
Romildo Romualdo Weiss ◽  
Tacia Bergstein-Galan ◽  
Daniel Moura Aguiar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Toxoplasma Gondii ◽  
Dna Sequences ◽  
Artificial Insemination ◽  
Neospora Caninum ◽  
Fluorescent Antibody ◽  
Antibody Test ◽  
Semen Sample ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Frozen Semen ◽  
Fresh Semen

Background: Neospora caninum and Toxoplasma gondii are closely related cyst-forming apicomplexan parasites identified as important causes of reproductive failure in cattle. Moreover, abortion cases attributed to N. caninum and T. gondii infection have been occasionally reported in sheep. Due to the relatively scarce information on the molecular detection of N. caninum in the semen of naturally infected rams, this study aimed to detect parasitic DNA in fresh semen samples and in frozen extended semen straws from male sheep from artificial inseminations centers in Southern Brazil.Materials, Methods & Results: Semen samples of 38 rams from artificial insemination centers were evaluated. Eleven rams were naturally infected (seropositive for anti-N. caninum and/or anti-T. gondii IgG) and were selected for fresh semen collection. We tested all the samples for the closely related protozoan T. gondii to detect a possible cross-reaction and co-infection, due to the close similarity with N. caninum. The indirect fluorescent antibody test was used to detect IgG antibodies in the 11 serum samples from rams. Fresh semen samples were collected from 11 rams on days 1, 50, 55, and 58 using an artificial vagina and ewe in estrus. Other 27 rams had their frozen extended semen straws analyzed. A total of 20 fresh semen samples and 27 frozen extended semen straws samples were used to detect the presence of N. caninum and T. gondii DNA by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Nc-5 and B1 genes were used as target regions to detect N. caninum and T. gondii DNA, respectively. The presence of N. caninum DNA was confirmed in the third collection of a fresh semen sample of one seropositive ram. T. gondii DNA was detected in a fresh semen sample of one seropositive ram. The DNA sequences of 186 bp from N. caninum (GenBank accession: MH806393) and 492 bp from T. gondii (GenBank accession: MH793503) were obtained by sequencing, and analysis revealed 99% and 100% identity, respectively, compared with other sequences deposited at GenBank. N. caninum and T. gondii DNAs were not detected in any of the 27 frozen extended semen straws used for artificial insemination.Discussion: This study demonstrated the presence of N. caninum and T. gondii DNA in fresh semen samples of naturally infected rams. The non-detection of N. caninum and T. gondii DNA in frozen semen samples of rams could be due to the dilution that was used to prepare the semen straws (GGL diluent and 5% glycerol), since fresh semen samples were not diluted prior to the test. Moreover, in our study, the volume of frozen semen samples (0.25 mL) used for PCR was lower than the volume of sediment obtained from fresh semen (0.5 mL), and the fresh semen centrifugation to obtain the sediment may have grouped the tachyzoites, increasing the sensitivity of the technique employed. No high IgG serological titers were detected in the rams at the time they were eliminating the parasite through fresh semen. The final titer of anti-N. caninum and anti-T. gondii IgGs in serum was 1:100, suggesting chronic infection. It is suggested that a new parasite elimination pathway is occurring among rams used for reproduction, due to the presence of N. caninum and T. gondii DNA in fresh semen samples from seropositive animals. Although the detection of genomic DNA of N. caninum and T. gondii in semen does not necessarily imply the presence of infectious stages of the parasites and does not determine their viability, these results demonstrate the need for further studies. Our study also indicates the need to reinforce preventive measures for sheep in artificial insemination centers until the risks are evaluated, by performing serological examinations with anti-N. caninum and anti-T. gondii antibodies, for instance, to select the rams that will be used for breeding.

scholarly journals Diagnosis and isolation of Toxoplasma gondii in horses from Brazilian slaughterhouses

2013 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 58-63 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fernanda Evers ◽  
João Luis Garcia ◽  
Italmar Teodorico Navarro ◽  
Dauton Luiz Zulpo ◽  
Beatriz de Souza Lima Nino ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Toxoplasma Gondii ◽  
Neospora Caninum ◽  
Fluorescent Antibody ◽  
Rflp Analysis ◽  
Antibody Test ◽  
Mouse Bioassay ◽  
Type I ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Sarcocystis Neurona ◽  
Pcr Rflp

This study aimed to investigate anti-Toxoplasma gondii antibodies and to isolate the parasite from the brains of horses processed at slaughterhouses in Brazil. We collected brain and blood samples from 398 horses of various ages, from six Brazilian states. Serum samples were evaluated by indirect fluorescent antibody test (IFAT cut-off titre ≥ 1:64), and brains were submitted to mouse bioassay. Among the 398 horses, positivity for T. gondii was identified in 46 (11.6%) by IFAT and in 14 (3.5%) by mouse bioassay. In 12 of those 14 bioassays, mice were positive only by IFAT (cut-off titre ≥ 1:16), T. gondii being isolated in the remaining two. Using polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) analysis of 18S rDNA to differentiate among T. gondii, Neospora caninum, and Sarcocystis neurona, we found that two of the 14 brains were positive for T. gondii only. For genotyping of the two isolates and the PCR-positive brain, we performed PCR-RFLP based on 13 markers, and SAG2 all samples were Toxoplasma gondii type I. Collectively, IFAT of horse sera and mouse bioassay identified positivity in 60 (15%) of the samples. Our results show that some horses sent to slaughter in Brazil have been exposed toT. gondii.

scholarly journals Occurrence of Neospora caninum and Toxoplasma gondii antibodies in dogs from rural properties surrounding a biological reserve, Espirito Santo, Brasil

2016 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 536-539 ◽  
Author(s):  
Igor da Cunha Lima Acosta ◽  
Luana D’Avila Centoducatte ◽  
Herbert Sousa Soares ◽  
Arlei Marcili ◽  
Maria Fernanda Naegeli Gondim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Toxoplasma Gondii ◽  
Neospora Caninum ◽  
Fluorescent Antibody ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Wild Animals ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Caninum Infection ◽  
Espírito Santo ◽  
Espirito Santo ◽  
Biological Reserve

Abstract The aim of this study was to determine the presence of antibodies to Neospora caninum and Toxoplasma gondii in serum samples of 187 dogs from 30 rural properties surrounding Córrego do Veado Biological Reserve, Espírito Santo State, Brazil. The Reserve is one of the last lowland Atlantic Forest remnants of the region, surrounded by agriculture farms and cattle pastures. The presence of IgG antibodies was determined by the Indirect Fluorescent Antibody Test for T. gondii (cut-off 1:16) and N. caninum (cut-off 1:50). Positive samples were diluted 2-fold until the last positive dilution. Antibodies to T. gondii were found in 77 (47.05%) dogs and antibodies to N. caninum in 22 dogs (11.76%) and one only dog was positive for both infections. No association between T. gondii and N. caninum infection and sex was observed (p>0.05). Control measures to prevent those infections in dogs that living surrounding the reserve and that had contact with wild animals are important to avoid the introduction of N. caninum in wild animals. This was the first study of frequency of occurrence of T. gondii and N. caninum in dogs from Espírito Santo, Brazil.

scholarly journals Serological detection of Toxoplasma gondii, Leishmania infantum and Neospora caninum in cats from an area endemic for leishmaniasis in Brazil

2014 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 449-455 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keyla Carstens Marques de Sousa ◽  
Heitor Miraglia Herrera ◽  
Iara Helena Domingos ◽  
João Bosco Vilela Campos ◽  
Isabela Maria Campanelli dos Santos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Toxoplasma Gondii ◽  
Leishmania Infantum ◽  
Significant Interaction ◽  
Neospora Caninum ◽  
Fluorescent Antibody ◽  
Antibody Test ◽  
Domestic Cats ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Mato Grosso ◽  
Mato Grosso Do Sul

An investigation was made into the occurrence of antibodies to Toxoplasma gondii, Leishmania infantum and Neospora caninum in 151 domestic cats, based on the indirect fluorescent antibody test (IFAT). Serum samples were collected from 151 domestic cats (65 free-roaming and 86 domiciled cats; 55 males and 96 females) in Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil between January and April 2013. IgG antibodies to T. gondii, L. infantum and N. caninum were found, respectively, in 49 (32.5%), 34 (22.5%) and 10 (6.6%) sampled cats. A positive correlation was found between T. gondii and N. caninum, T. gondii and L. infantum, and N. caninum and L. infantum (p <0.05) infections. Also, a significant interaction was identified between gender and area of activity on the probability of T. gondii (p = 0.0324) infection. However, no significant interaction was observed between gender and area of activity on infections by either N. caninum or L. infantum. This study showed that cats from an area endemic for visceral leishmaniasis in Brazil are exposed to three different protozoans, two of which are causal agents of important zoonosis.

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