scholarly journals Controle de doenças foliares e de flores e qualidade pós-colheita do morangueiro tratado com Saccharomyces cerevisiae

2009 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 527-533 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alfredo de Gouvea ◽  
Odair J Kuhn ◽  
Sérgio M Mazaro ◽  
Louise L May-De Mio ◽  
Cícero Deschamps ◽  
...  

O efeito de diferentes preparações de Saccharomyces cerevisiae foi avaliado sobre o desenvolvimento das doenças do morangueiro, como mancha-de-micosferela (Mycosphaerella fragariae), mancha-de-dendrofoma (Dendrophoma obscurans) e flor-preta (Colletotrichum acutatum) além da qualidade pós-colheita dos frutos. O trabalho foi realizado entre 2004 e 2005 na Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná, Campus Dois Vizinhos. Os tratamentos consistiram de pulverizações semanais de cinco diferentes preparados a partir da levedura S. cerevisiae: suspensão com fermento biológico fresco comercial, suspensão de células de levedura, suspensão autoclavada de células, filtrado de cultura em meio líquido e Agro-MOS®, produto comercial formulado a partir da levedura, além da testemunha com água destilada e do tratamento controle com fungicidas. Nenhuma das preparações apresentou efeito contra a mancha-de-micosferela; preparações com a presença de células vivas e o produto Agro-MOS® apresentaram efeito contra mancha-de-dendrofoma; preparações com suspensão do produto comercial e filtrado de cultura líquida reduziram a incidência de flor-preta em flores e frutos. Preparações de S. cerevisiae com suspensão de células, suspensão autoclavada de células e filtrado de cultura líquida promoveram aumento na produtividade dos morangueiros que variou de 589,6 a 617,8 g planta-1. Preparações de S. cerevisiae, com presença de células vivas ou não, alteraram o metabolismo do morangueiro, aumentando a atividade das enzimas quitinase e glucanase, envolvidas na resistência sistêmica adquirida. Todos os tratamentos, com exceção do tratamento com suspensão autoclavada de células, reduziram a incidência de mofo-cinzento em pós-colheita de frutos.

2015 ◽  
Vol 175 ◽  
pp. 93-99 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcos Roberto Lopes ◽  
Mariana Nadjara Klein ◽  
Luriany Pompeo Ferraz ◽  
Aline Caroline da Silva ◽  
Katia Cristina Kupper

Author(s):  
Sandra Minova ◽  
Rita Sešķēna ◽  
Santa Voitkāne ◽  
Zane Metla ◽  
Māris Daugavietis ◽  
...  

AbstractPhytopathogenic fungi induced considerable economic losses in strawberry production industry; therefore, more attention should be paid to development and implementation of preventative treatment that is environmentally friendly. Coniferous trees produce a wide variety of compounds, such as terpenoids and phenolics. Several studies are known on fungicidal activity of different components of coniferous tree bark. The aim of this study was to evaluatein vitropine (Pinus sylvestrisL.) and spruce (Picea abies(L.) Karst.) bark ethanol extracts impact on pathogenous fungi causing diseases of strawberries. Products of processed pine (Pinus sylvestris) and spruce (Picea abies) bark were tested. During 2011 to 2013, severalin vitroexperiments were carried out to test the effectiveness of pine and spruce bark extracts against various phytopathogenic fungi isolated from strawberries:Botrytis cinerea, Colletotrichum acutatum, Phytophthora cactorumandMycosphaerella fragariae.Radial growth tests showed that coniferous bark extracts inhibit mycelial growth ofB. cinerea, C. acutatum, P. cactorumandM. fragariae. Extracts had the highest antifungal effect onB. cinereatwo and five days after inoculation (p< 0.05). Bark extracts can reduce the sporulation ofB. cinerea, C. acutatumandP. cactorum.


1951 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 299-315 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joan Fall

Four fungi were isolated from lesions on strawberry foliage in Ontario during the growing seasons of 1948 and 1949. They are Mycosphaerella fragariae (Tul.) Lindau. Diplocarpon carliana (Ell. & Ev.) Wolf, Dendrophoma obscurans (Ell. & Ev.) H. W. And., and Gnomonia fructicola (Arnaud) n. comb. (Zythia fragariae Laibach), and they cause the diseases known as leaf spot, leaf scorch, leaf blight and leaf blotch respectively. Apparently this is the first report of Zythiae fragariae in North America and of Dentrophoma obscurans in Canada. From field surveys, strawberry varieties were found to vary in resistance, especially to spot and scorch, and market differences in seasonal distribution of the diseases were also evident. Spot was most prevalent in the spring and fall; scorch increased in severity during the warmer months; and blight became prominent after the cropping period. As a result of inoculation with M. fragariae only the middle-aged leaves of vigorously growing strawberry plants developed lesions. Premier plants, although resistant to spot in the field, proved susceptible when artificially inoculated. Penetration by M. fragariae may occur without lesion formation if the temperature is below 15 °C. Symptom expression was best within the 20°–25 °C range. Adding strips of strawberry leaves to a suspension of conidia of Diplocarpon earliana greatly enhanced spore germination. Only leaves which are old or middle-aged develop scorch lesions, and these may be blotchy or diffuse depending on the variety. Dendrophoma obscurans appears to attack mainly the older leaves near the margins. The conidiophores are long and branched, the conidia slightly pointed, and the pyenidia are dark, leathery, and clumped in culture. Zythia fragariae has simple conidiophores, biguttulate conidia with rounded ends, and soft light brown pyenidia. The name Gnomonia fructicola is proposed for the fungus Gnomonia fragariae Klebahn form fructicola Arnaud because it is considered to be a different species from Gnomonia fragariae Klebahn.


2001 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 196-201 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Seibold ◽  
O. Stich ◽  
R. Hufnagl ◽  
S. Kamil ◽  
M. Scheurlen

2007 ◽  
Vol 45 (08) ◽  
Author(s):  
S Schmechel ◽  
V Schachinger ◽  
F Seibold ◽  
C Tillack ◽  
T Ochsenkühn ◽  
...  

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