Tolerance to high temperature in F5 inbred lines of tomato

High temperatures in the growing tomato have caused a reduction in fruit set and consequently productivity. This work aimed to evaluate F5 lines of tomato to fruit set and high temperature tolerance in two culture environments. Two experiments were carried out, one in cultivation in greenhouse and the other in the field conditions, from February to June 2012. We evaluated 20 lines F5 of tomato, originating from the segregation of hybrid SE 1055 F1, developed for the hot and humid conditions, with resistance to Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. lycopersici race 2, the tomato mosaic virus (ToMV), the Verticilium dahliae and geminivirus (TYLCV) and the control cultivar Yoshimatsu and own hybrid SE 1055 F1. The experiment was performed in a randomized blocks design with 22 treatments, four replications and plots with two plants. We evaluated the total number of fruits per plant (NTF/PL), mass of unmarketable fruits per plant (MFNC/PL), fruit set (PEG), mass of marketable fruits per plant (MFC/PL) and yield of marketable fruits (REND). In the greenhouse were recorded higher temperatures and lower luminosity than in field cultivation. Lines 08, 12 and 13 showed higher fruit set in a greenhouse, being more suitable for cultivation at high temperatures. In the field, the lines 06 and 08 showed that marketable fruit production did not differ from 'Yoshimatsu'. Comparing the field experiment average with the average of greenhouse, a higher fruit set and a higher mass of marketable fruits per plant was achieved in field.

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Lethal Effects of High Temperatures on Brown Marmorated Stink Bug Adults before and after Overwintering

Insects ◽

10.3390/insects10100355 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 10 (10) ◽

pp. 355 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Davide Scaccini ◽

Carlo Duso ◽

Alberto Pozzebon

Keyword(s):

High Temperature ◽

High Temperatures ◽

Cost Effective ◽

Temperature Tolerance ◽

Brown Marmorated Stink Bug ◽

Stink Bug ◽

Response Curves ◽

High Temperature Tolerance ◽

Before And After ◽

Temperature Exposure

The invasive brown marmorated stink bug, Halyomorpha halys, is causing economic and ecological damage in invaded areas. Its overwintering behavior warrants mitigation practices in warehouses and shipping operations. The aim of this study was to characterize the mortality response curves of H. halys adults to short high-temperature exposure. Here we compared field-collected individuals entering (ENA) and exiting diapause (EXA). EXA adults displayed increased susceptibility to high temperatures compared to ENA individuals. Complete mortality of all tested individuals was obtained after 10 min exposure at 50.0 °C, and after 15 (EXA) or 20 min (ENA) at 47.5 °C. The nutritional status of these insects had no effect on high-temperature tolerance. The mortality curves obtained here may be used for the definition of cost-effective heat treatments aimed at the H. halys control.

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Involvement of Ca2+ in Regulation of Physiological Indices and Heat Shock Factor Expression in Four Iris germanica Cultivars under High-temperature Stress

Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science ◽

10.21273/jashs.139.6.687 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 139 (6) ◽

pp. 687-698 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Jing Mao ◽

Hongliang Xu ◽

Caixia Guo ◽

Jun Tong ◽

Yanfang Dong ◽

...

Keyword(s):

High Temperature ◽

Heat Shock ◽

Temperature Stress ◽

High Temperatures ◽

Soluble Protein ◽

High Temperature Stress ◽

Temperature Tolerance ◽

Heat Shock Factor ◽

High Temperature Tolerance ◽

Iris Germanica

Although tolerance to high temperature is crucial to the summer survival of Iris germanica cultivars in subtropical areas, few physiological studies have been conducted on this topic previously. To remedy this, this study explored the physiological response and expression of heat shock factor in four I. germanica cultivars with varying levels of thermotolerance. The plants’ respective degrees of high-temperature tolerance were evaluated by measuring the ratio and area of withered leaves under stress. Several physiological responses to high temperatures were investigated, including effects on chlorophyll, antioxidant enzymes, proline, and soluble protein content in the leaves of four cultivars. CaCl2 was sprayed on ‘Gold Boy’ and ‘Royal Crusades’ considered being sensitive to high temperatures to study if Ca2+ could improve the tolerance, and LaCl3 was sprayed on ‘Music Box’ and ‘Galamadrid’ with better high-temperature tolerance to test if calcium ion blocker could decrease their tolerance. Heat shock factor genes were partially cloned according to the conserved region sequence, and expression changes to high-temperature stress with CaCl2 or LaCl3 treatments were thoroughly analyzed. Results showed that high temperature is the primary reason for large areas of leaf withering. The ratio and area of withered leaves on ‘Music Box’ and ‘Galamadrid’ were smaller than ‘Gold Boy’ and ‘Royal Crusades’. CaCl2 slowed the degradation of chlorophyll content and increased proline and soluble protein in ‘Gold Boy’ and ‘Royal Crusades’ but had no significant effect on activating peroxidase or superoxide to improve high-temperature tolerance. Genetic expression of heat shock factor in ‘Gold Boy’ and ‘Royal Crusades’ was upregulated by Ca2+ at later stages of leaf damage under high-temperature stress. LaCl3 down-regulated the physiological parameters and expression level of heat shock factor in ‘Music Box’ and ‘Galamadrid’. These results suggest that different I. germanica cultivars have varying high-temperature tolerance and furthermore that Ca2+ regulates their physiological indicators and expression level of heat shock factor under stress.

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High temperature tolerance in chickpea and its implications for plant improvement

Crop and Pasture Science ◽

10.1071/cp11218 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 63 (5) ◽

pp. 419 ◽

Cited By ~ 46

Author(s):

V. Devasirvatham ◽

D. K. Y. Tan ◽

P. M. Gaur ◽

T. N. Raju ◽

R. M. Trethowan

Keyword(s):

Heat Stress ◽

High Temperature ◽

High Temperatures ◽

Floral Organ ◽

Temperature Tolerance ◽

Male And Female ◽

High Temperature Tolerance ◽

The Status ◽

Significant Yield ◽

The Impact

Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) is an important food legume and heat stress affects chickpea ontogeny over a range of environments. Generally, chickpea adapts to high temperatures through an escape mechanism. However, heat stress during reproductive development can cause significant yield loss. The most important effects on the reproductive phase that affect pod set, seed set and yield are: (1) flowering time, (2) asynchrony of male and female floral organ development, and (3) impairment of male and female floral organs. While this review emphasises the importance of high temperatures >30°C, the temperature range of 32–35°C during flowering also produces distinct effects on grain yield. Recent field screening at ICRISAT have identified several heat-tolerant germplasm, which can be used in breeding programs for improving heat tolerance in chickpea. Research on the impact of heat stress in chickpea is not extensive. This review describes the status of chickpea production, the effects of high temperature on chickpea, and the opportunities for genetic improvement of chickpea tolerance to high temperatures.

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High-temperature Tolerance of Heritage River Birch Roots Decreased by Pot-In-Pot Production Systems

HortScience ◽

10.21273/hortsci.31.5.813 ◽

1996 ◽

Vol 31 (5) ◽

pp. 813-814 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

John M. Ruter

Keyword(s):

High Temperature ◽

High Temperatures ◽

Electrolyte Leakage ◽

Production Systems ◽

Root Zone ◽

Root Systems ◽

Temperature Tolerance ◽

High Temperature Tolerance ◽

Aboveground Production ◽

Membrane Thermostability

Membrane thermostability of Heritage river birch (Betula nigra L. Heritage) was measured by electrolyte leakage from excised roots of plants grown in pot-in-pot (PIP) and conventional aboveground production systems (CPS). The predicted critical midpoint temperature (Tm) for a 30-min exposure was 54.6 ± 0.2 °C for PIP and 56.2 ± 0.6 °C for CPS plants. Plants grown PIP had a steeper slope through the predicted Tm, suggesting a decreased tolerance to high root-zone temperatures in relation to plants grown aboveground. Since the root systems of Heritage river birch grown PIP are damaged at lower temperatures than plants grown aboveground, growers should prevent exposure of root systems to high temperatures during postproduction handling of plants grown PIP.

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Reproductive Responses of Capsicum annuum to High Temperatures

HortScience ◽

10.21273/hortsci.33.3.543c ◽

1998 ◽

Vol 33 (3) ◽

pp. 543c-543

Author(s):

Ami N. Erickson ◽

Albert H. Markhart

Keyword(s):

Capsicum Annuum ◽

High Temperatures ◽

Fruit Development ◽

Flower Development ◽

Fruit Set ◽

Fruit Production ◽

Yield Reduction ◽

Bud Size ◽

Growth Chambers ◽

Constant Growth

Fruit yield reduction due to high temperatures has been widely observed in Solanaceous crops. Our past experiments have demonstrated that Capsicum annuum cultivars Ace and Bell Boy completely fail to produce fruit when grown at constant 33 °C. However, flowers are produced, continually. To determine which stages of flower development are sensitive to high temperatures, pepper buds, ranging in size from 1 mm to anthesis, were exposed to high temperatures for 6 hr, 48 hr, 5 days, or for the duration of the experiment. Fruit set for each bud size was determined. Exposure to high temperatures at anthesis and at the 2-mm size stage for 2 or more days significantly reduced fruit production. To determine whether inhibition of pollination, inhibition of fertilization, and/or injury to the female or male structures prevents fruit production at high temperatures, flowers from pepper cultivars Ace and Bell Boy were grown until flowers on the 8th or 9th node were 11 mm in length. Plants were divided between 25 °C and 33 °C constant growth chambers for 2 to 4 days until anthesis. At anthesis, flowers from both treatments were cross-pollinated in all combination, and crosses were equally divided between 33 or 25 °C growth chambers until fruit set or flowers abscised. All flower crosses resulted in 80% to 100% fruit set when post-pollination temperatures were 25 °C. However, post-pollination temperatures of 33 °C significantly reduced fruit production. Reduced fruit set by flowers exposed to high temperatures during anthesis and pollination is not a result of inviable pollen or ovule, but an inhibition of fertilization or initial fruit development.

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