Lethal Effects of High Temperatures on Brown Marmorated Stink Bug Adults before and after Overwintering

The invasive brown marmorated stink bug, Halyomorpha halys, is causing economic and ecological damage in invaded areas. Its overwintering behavior warrants mitigation practices in warehouses and shipping operations. The aim of this study was to characterize the mortality response curves of H. halys adults to short high-temperature exposure. Here we compared field-collected individuals entering (ENA) and exiting diapause (EXA). EXA adults displayed increased susceptibility to high temperatures compared to ENA individuals. Complete mortality of all tested individuals was obtained after 10 min exposure at 50.0 °C, and after 15 (EXA) or 20 min (ENA) at 47.5 °C. The nutritional status of these insects had no effect on high-temperature tolerance. The mortality curves obtained here may be used for the definition of cost-effective heat treatments aimed at the H. halys control.

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Response of Mycorrhizal ’Touriga Nacional‘ Variety Grapevines to High Temperatures Measured by Calorespirometry and Near-Infrared Spectroscopy

Plants ◽

10.3390/plants9111499 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 9 (11) ◽

pp. 1499

Author(s):

Amaia Nogales ◽

Hugo Ribeiro ◽

Julio Nogales-Bueno ◽

Lee D. Hansen ◽

Elsa F. Gonçalves ◽

...

Keyword(s):

High Temperature ◽

High Temperatures ◽

Near Infrared ◽

Nir Spectroscopy ◽

Temperature Adaptation ◽

Biochemical Processes ◽

Before And After ◽

Heat Shocks ◽

Temperature Exposure ◽

Sensitive Parameters

Heat stress negatively affects several physiological and biochemical processes in grapevine plants. In this work, two new methods, calorespirometry, which has been used to determine temperature adaptation in plants, and near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopy, which has been used to determine several grapevine-related traits and to discriminate among varieties, were tested to evaluate grapevine response to high temperatures. ‘Touriga Nacional’ variety grapevines, inoculated or not with Rhizoglomus irregulare or Funneliformis mosseae, were used in this study. Calorespirometric parameters and NIR spectra, as well as other parameters commonly used to assess heat injury in plants, were measured before and after high temperature exposure. Growth rate and substrate carbon conversion efficiency, calculated from calorespirometric measurements, and stomatal conductance, were the most sensitive parameters for discriminating among high temperature responses of control and inoculated grapevines. The results revealed that, although this vine variety can adapt its physiology to temperatures up to 40 °C, inoculation with R. irregulare could additionally help to sustain its growth, especially after heat shocks. Therefore, the combination of calorespirometry together with gas exchange measurements is a promising strategy for screening grapevine heat tolerance under controlled conditions and has high potential to be implemented in initial phases of plant breeding programs.

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Involvement of Ca2+ in Regulation of Physiological Indices and Heat Shock Factor Expression in Four Iris germanica Cultivars under High-temperature Stress

Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science ◽

10.21273/jashs.139.6.687 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 139 (6) ◽

pp. 687-698 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Jing Mao ◽

Hongliang Xu ◽

Caixia Guo ◽

Jun Tong ◽

Yanfang Dong ◽

...

Keyword(s):

High Temperature ◽

Heat Shock ◽

Temperature Stress ◽

High Temperatures ◽

Soluble Protein ◽

High Temperature Stress ◽

Temperature Tolerance ◽

Heat Shock Factor ◽

High Temperature Tolerance ◽

Iris Germanica

Although tolerance to high temperature is crucial to the summer survival of Iris germanica cultivars in subtropical areas, few physiological studies have been conducted on this topic previously. To remedy this, this study explored the physiological response and expression of heat shock factor in four I. germanica cultivars with varying levels of thermotolerance. The plants’ respective degrees of high-temperature tolerance were evaluated by measuring the ratio and area of withered leaves under stress. Several physiological responses to high temperatures were investigated, including effects on chlorophyll, antioxidant enzymes, proline, and soluble protein content in the leaves of four cultivars. CaCl2 was sprayed on ‘Gold Boy’ and ‘Royal Crusades’ considered being sensitive to high temperatures to study if Ca2+ could improve the tolerance, and LaCl3 was sprayed on ‘Music Box’ and ‘Galamadrid’ with better high-temperature tolerance to test if calcium ion blocker could decrease their tolerance. Heat shock factor genes were partially cloned according to the conserved region sequence, and expression changes to high-temperature stress with CaCl2 or LaCl3 treatments were thoroughly analyzed. Results showed that high temperature is the primary reason for large areas of leaf withering. The ratio and area of withered leaves on ‘Music Box’ and ‘Galamadrid’ were smaller than ‘Gold Boy’ and ‘Royal Crusades’. CaCl2 slowed the degradation of chlorophyll content and increased proline and soluble protein in ‘Gold Boy’ and ‘Royal Crusades’ but had no significant effect on activating peroxidase or superoxide to improve high-temperature tolerance. Genetic expression of heat shock factor in ‘Gold Boy’ and ‘Royal Crusades’ was upregulated by Ca2+ at later stages of leaf damage under high-temperature stress. LaCl3 down-regulated the physiological parameters and expression level of heat shock factor in ‘Music Box’ and ‘Galamadrid’. These results suggest that different I. germanica cultivars have varying high-temperature tolerance and furthermore that Ca2+ regulates their physiological indicators and expression level of heat shock factor under stress.

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High temperature tolerance in chickpea and its implications for plant improvement

Crop and Pasture Science ◽

10.1071/cp11218 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 63 (5) ◽

pp. 419 ◽

Cited By ~ 46

Author(s):

V. Devasirvatham ◽

D. K. Y. Tan ◽

P. M. Gaur ◽

T. N. Raju ◽

R. M. Trethowan

Keyword(s):

Heat Stress ◽

High Temperature ◽

High Temperatures ◽

Floral Organ ◽

Temperature Tolerance ◽

Male And Female ◽

High Temperature Tolerance ◽

The Status ◽

Significant Yield ◽

The Impact

Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) is an important food legume and heat stress affects chickpea ontogeny over a range of environments. Generally, chickpea adapts to high temperatures through an escape mechanism. However, heat stress during reproductive development can cause significant yield loss. The most important effects on the reproductive phase that affect pod set, seed set and yield are: (1) flowering time, (2) asynchrony of male and female floral organ development, and (3) impairment of male and female floral organs. While this review emphasises the importance of high temperatures >30°C, the temperature range of 32–35°C during flowering also produces distinct effects on grain yield. Recent field screening at ICRISAT have identified several heat-tolerant germplasm, which can be used in breeding programs for improving heat tolerance in chickpea. Research on the impact of heat stress in chickpea is not extensive. This review describes the status of chickpea production, the effects of high temperature on chickpea, and the opportunities for genetic improvement of chickpea tolerance to high temperatures.

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High-temperature Tolerance of Heritage River Birch Roots Decreased by Pot-In-Pot Production Systems

HortScience ◽

10.21273/hortsci.31.5.813 ◽

1996 ◽

Vol 31 (5) ◽

pp. 813-814 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

John M. Ruter

Keyword(s):

High Temperature ◽

High Temperatures ◽

Electrolyte Leakage ◽

Production Systems ◽

Root Zone ◽

Root Systems ◽

Temperature Tolerance ◽

High Temperature Tolerance ◽

Aboveground Production ◽

Membrane Thermostability

Membrane thermostability of Heritage river birch (Betula nigra L. Heritage) was measured by electrolyte leakage from excised roots of plants grown in pot-in-pot (PIP) and conventional aboveground production systems (CPS). The predicted critical midpoint temperature (Tm) for a 30-min exposure was 54.6 ± 0.2 °C for PIP and 56.2 ± 0.6 °C for CPS plants. Plants grown PIP had a steeper slope through the predicted Tm, suggesting a decreased tolerance to high root-zone temperatures in relation to plants grown aboveground. Since the root systems of Heritage river birch grown PIP are damaged at lower temperatures than plants grown aboveground, growers should prevent exposure of root systems to high temperatures during postproduction handling of plants grown PIP.

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Tolerance to high temperature in F5 inbred lines of tomato

Horticultura Brasileira ◽

10.1590/s0102-05362014000200005 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 32 (2) ◽

pp. 152-158 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Lucas S Santos ◽

Roberto A Melo ◽

Paulo R Santos ◽

José LS Carvalho Filho ◽

Dimas Menezes

Keyword(s):

High Temperature ◽

High Temperatures ◽

Fruit Set ◽

Temperature Tolerance ◽

Fruit Production ◽

Tomato Mosaic Virus ◽

High Temperature Tolerance ◽

Marketable Fruit ◽

Race 2 ◽

Lower Luminosity

High temperatures in the growing tomato have caused a reduction in fruit set and consequently productivity. This work aimed to evaluate F5 lines of tomato to fruit set and high temperature tolerance in two culture environments. Two experiments were carried out, one in cultivation in greenhouse and the other in the field conditions, from February to June 2012. We evaluated 20 lines F5 of tomato, originating from the segregation of hybrid SE 1055 F1, developed for the hot and humid conditions, with resistance to Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. lycopersici race 2, the tomato mosaic virus (ToMV), the Verticilium dahliae and geminivirus (TYLCV) and the control cultivar Yoshimatsu and own hybrid SE 1055 F1. The experiment was performed in a randomized blocks design with 22 treatments, four replications and plots with two plants. We evaluated the total number of fruits per plant (NTF/PL), mass of unmarketable fruits per plant (MFNC/PL), fruit set (PEG), mass of marketable fruits per plant (MFC/PL) and yield of marketable fruits (REND). In the greenhouse were recorded higher temperatures and lower luminosity than in field cultivation. Lines 08, 12 and 13 showed higher fruit set in a greenhouse, being more suitable for cultivation at high temperatures. In the field, the lines 06 and 08 showed that marketable fruit production did not differ from 'Yoshimatsu'. Comparing the field experiment average with the average of greenhouse, a higher fruit set and a higher mass of marketable fruits per plant was achieved in field.

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Temperature and Humidity Interact to Influence Brown Marmorated Stink Bug (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae), Survival

Environmental Entomology ◽

10.1093/ee/nvaa146 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Joanna J Fisher ◽

Jhalendra P Rijal ◽

Frank G Zalom

Keyword(s):

United States ◽

High Temperature ◽

High Temperatures ◽

The United States ◽

Fourth Instar ◽

Economic Damage ◽

Brown Marmorated Stink Bug ◽

Stink Bug ◽

First Instar ◽

The Impact

Abstract High-temperature events can influence insect population dynamics and could be especially important for predicting the potential spread and establishment of invasive insects. The interaction between temperature and environmental humidity on insect populations is not well understood but can be a key factor that determines habitat range and population size. The brown marmorated stink bug, Halyomorpha halys (Stål), is an invasive agricultural pest in the United States and Europe, which causes serious economic damage to a wide range of crops. This insect’s range continues to expand. It has recently invaded the Central Valley of California, which has a hotter and drier climate compared with the Eastern United States where this insect is established. We investigated how high-temperature events and relative humidity would impact the survival and reproduction of H. halys. Using incubators and humidity chambers, we evaluated the impact of humidity and short-term (2 d) high-temperature exposure on the survival and development of H. halys eggs, nymphs, and adults. We found that high temperatures significantly reduced H. halys survival. The impact of humidity on H. halys survival was dependent on temperature and life stage. Low humidity decreased first-instar survival but not third- to fourth-instar survival. High humidity increased first instar survival but decreased third- to fourth-instar survival. Humidity did not influence adult or egg survival. We also found that high temperatures decreased H. halys reproduction. Our findings have important implications for understanding the invasive ecology of H. halys and may be used to improve models predicting H. halys range expansion.

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Sintering Activated Atomic Palladium Catalysts with High-Temperature Tolerance of ∼1,000°C

Cell Reports Physical Science ◽

10.1016/j.xcrp.2020.100287 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 100287

Author(s):

Nating Yang ◽

Yonghui Zhao ◽

Hao Zhang ◽

Weikai Xiang ◽

Yuhan Sun ◽

...

Keyword(s):

High Temperature ◽

Palladium Catalysts ◽

Temperature Tolerance ◽

High Temperature Tolerance

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Selection of cowpea cultivars for high temperature tolerance: physiological, biochemical and yield aspects

Physiology and Molecular Biology of Plants ◽

10.1007/s12298-020-00919-7 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Juliane Rafaele Alves Barros ◽

Miguel Julio Machado Guimarães ◽

Rodrigo Moura e Silva ◽

Maydara Thaylla Cavalcanti Rêgo ◽

Natoniel Franklin de Melo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

High Temperature ◽

Temperature Tolerance ◽

Cowpea Cultivars ◽

High Temperature Tolerance ◽

Selection Of

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Novel Multilayer SAW Temperature Sensor for Ultra-High Temperature Environments

Micromachines ◽

10.3390/mi12060643 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 (6) ◽

pp. 643

Author(s):

Xuhang Zhou ◽

Qiulin Tan ◽

Xiaorui Liang ◽

Baimao Lin ◽

Tao Guo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

High Temperature ◽

Temperature Sensor ◽

X Ray Diffraction ◽

Aero Engine ◽

Before And After ◽

Application Potential ◽

Passive Sensors ◽

Temperature Exposure ◽

Engine Systems

Performing high-temperature measurements on the rotating parts of aero-engine systems requires wireless passive sensors. Surface acoustic wave (SAW) sensors can measure high temperatures wirelessly, making them ideal for extreme situations where wired sensors are not applicable. This study reports a new SAW temperature sensor based on a langasite (LGS) substrate that can perform measurements in environments with temperatures as high as 1300 °C. The Pt electrode and LGS substrate were protected by an AlN passivation layer deposited via a pulsed laser, thereby improving the crystallization quality of the Pt film, with the function and stability of the SAW device guaranteed at 1100 °C. The linear relationship between the resonant frequency and temperature is verified by various high-temperature radio-frequency (RF) tests. Changes in sample microstructure before and after high-temperature exposure are analyzed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The analysis confirms that the proposed AlN/Pt/Cr thin-film electrode has great application potential in high-temperature SAW sensors.

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