scholarly journals Taxonomic value of foliar characters in Dahlstedtia Malme: Leguminosae, Papilionoideae, Millettieae

2006 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 395-403 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simone de Pádua Teixeira ◽  
Antonio Carlos Gabrielli
Keyword(s):  
Natural Populations ◽  
Cambial Activity ◽  
Leaf Primordium ◽  
Cultivated Plants ◽  
Brazilian Atlantic Forest ◽  
Secretory Cavities ◽  
Anatomical Characters ◽  
Surface Assessment ◽  
Important Character ◽  
Scanning Electron

Dahlstedtia Malme (Leguminosae) is a neotropical genus, native to the Brazilian Atlantic Forest, and comprises two species, D. pinnata (Benth.) Malme and D. pentaphylla (Taub.) Burk., although it has been considered a monotypic genus by some authors. Leaf anatomy was compared to verify the presence of anatomical characters to help delimit species. Foliar primordium, leaflet, petiolule, petiole and pulvinus were collected from cultivated plants (Campinas, SP, Brazil) and from natural populations (Picinguaba, Ubatuba and Caraguatatuba, SP, Brazil - D. pinnata; Antonina, PR, Brazil - D. pentaphylla). Studies on leaflet surface assessment (Scanning Electron Microscopy), as well as histology and venation analyses were carried out of dehydrated, fresh and fixed material from two species. Leaflet material was macerated for stomatal counts. Histological sections, obtained by free-hand cut or microtome, were stained with Toluidine Blue, Safranin/Alcian Blue, Ferric Chloride, Acid Phloroglucin. Secretory cavities are present in the lamina, petiolule, petiole, pulvinus and leaf primordium in D. pentaphylla, but not in D. pinnata, and can be considered an important character for species diagnosis. Other leaf characters were uninformative in delimiting Dahlstedtia species. There is cambial activity in the petiolule, petiole and pulvinus. This study, associated with other available data, supports the recognition of two species in Dahlstedtia.

scholarly journals Anatomical and micromorphological properties of some Tanacetum L. (Asteraceae) taxa from Turkey and their systematic implications

2017 ◽  
Vol 76 (2) ◽  
pp. 138-145 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saban Dere ◽  
Tulay Aytas Akcin
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Glandular Trichomes ◽  
The Other ◽  
Secretory Cavities ◽  
Anatomical Characters ◽  
Distinct Distribution ◽  
Distinguishing Character ◽  
Scanning Electron

AbstractIn this study, the anatomy and trichome micromorphology ofTanacetum macrophyllum(Waldst.& Kit.) Schultz,T. parthenium(L.) Schultz,T. poteriifolium(Ledeb.) Grierson andT. vulgareL. were examined by light microscopy and scanning electron microscopy. Some anatomical characters such as presence of secretory cavities and pith in root and mesophyll type in leaf provide information of taxonomical significance. In addition, the existence of a parenchymatic layer, which consists of elongated parenchymatic cells in the stem ofT. macrophyllum,is a distinguishing character. The results obtained from scanning electron microscope studies showed that trichome micromorphology varies among examined taxa. InT. macrophyllum, the eglandular and glandular trichomes especially on disc florets, ligulate florets and cypselas are more sparse, whereas disc florets and cypselas of the other taxa are covered with abundant glandular trichomes. Additionally,T. poteriifoliumandT. partheniumhas a distinct distribution of glandular trichomes forming in a row across the entire cypsela surface.

scholarly journals Linear and geometric morphometrics as tools to resolve species circumscription in the Pseudolaelia vellozicola complex (Orchidaceae, Laeliinae)

2019 ◽  
Vol 152 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-67 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luiz Menini Neto ◽  
Cássio Van den Berg ◽  
Rafaela Campostrini Forzza
Keyword(s):  
Natural Populations ◽  
Distinct Species ◽  
Multivariate Methods ◽  
Brazilian Atlantic Forest ◽  
Morphometric Data ◽  
Elliptic Fourier Analysis ◽  
Linear Measurements ◽  
Species Circumscription ◽  
Eastern Brazil ◽  
Sufficient Magnitude

Background and aims – Pseudolaelia is a genus endemic to eastern Brazil, with 12 accepted species predominantly distributed across granitic inselbergs of the Brazilian Atlantic Forest. The aim of the present study was to distinguish between the very similar taxa P. aguadocensis, P. oliveirana, P. regentii and P. vellozicola, using morphometric data acquired as linear measurements and outlines capture with Elliptic Fourier Analysis (EFA) of the floral parts. Material and methods – We sampled 208 specimens from 11 natural populations of the above taxa. We measured 20 floral variables and for the EFA, and we extracted 24 shape variables from the Fourier coefficient matrices, which describe the outlines of the floral parts. In both cases the data were analyzed with multivariate methods (both ordination and clustering). Key results – We could not find morphological discontinuities with sufficient magnitude to consider P. aguadocensis, P. oliveirana and P. regentii as distinct species from P. vellozicola. Conclusions – We propose that P. vellozicola should be considered a polymorphic and widely distributed species, generally supported by both methods.

scholarly journals Structure, histochemistry and phytochemical profile of the bark of the sobol and aerial stem of Tontelea micrantha (Celastraceae - Hippocrateoideae)

2014 ◽  
Vol 86 (3) ◽  
pp. 1167-1179 ◽  
Author(s):  
MARIA OLÍVIA MERCADANTE-SIMÕES ◽  
HELLEN C. MAZZOTTINI-DOS-SANTOS ◽  
LAYS A. NERY ◽  
PERACIO R.B. FERREIRA ◽  
LEONARDO M. RIBEIRO ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Efficiency ◽  
Folk Medicine ◽  
Natural Populations ◽  
Cambial Activity ◽  
Stem Bark ◽  
Chemical Compositions ◽  
Medicinal Use ◽  
Aerial Stem ◽  
Layer Chromatography ◽  
Underground Stem

The bark of the underground stem of Tontelea micrantha (Mart. ex. Schult.) A. C. Sm., a native Brazilian Cerrado species, is used in folk medicine for treating kidney ailments. The structures of the underground and the aerial stems were examined and their barks were analyzed for the presence of secondary metabolites. Bark fragments were processed according to conventional techniques in plant anatomy and their chemical compositions examined using histochemical and phytochemical tests, thin layer chromatography, and high-efficiency liquid chromatography. The underground stem is a sobol with unusual cambial activity. Laticifers that secrete terpenoids were present in the cortex and phloem of both organs and can contribute to the identification of the species in field. Druses were present in both barks, but mono-crystals were only observed in the sobol. Tannins, flavonoids, alkaloids, and terpenoids occurred in both types of bark, but carotenoids were only detected in the sobol. The similarities between these two organs indicate that the aerial stem bark has potential medicinal use and represents a plausible alternative to harvesting the sobol, which could contribute to the preservation of natural populations of this species.

The status and distribution of Carex subimpressa (Cyperaceae)

1986 ◽  
Vol 64 (1) ◽  
pp. 227-232 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. A. Reznicek ◽  
P. M. Catling
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Natural Populations ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Diagnostic Character ◽  
Wide Area ◽  
Hybrid Origin ◽  
The Status ◽  
Specific Rank ◽  
Scanning Electron

Carex subimpressa, originally described as a hybrid of C. hyalinolepsis and C. lanuginosa, has been reported over a wide area and beyond the range of C. hyalinolepis. Consequently it has been accorded specific rank. Various aspects of morphology reflected in scatter diagrams as well as intermediate stomatal structure revealed through scanning electron microscopy and sectioning support the hybrid origin as originally proposed. This is further supported by field studies of natural populations where both putative parents were invariably present. Reports from beyond the range of one or both parents are the result of misidentification. The diagnostic character combination includes sparsely pubescent perigynia 4.2–6.4 mm long, with relatively short beaks, leaves 4.5–11 mm wide, and ligules 1.8–9 mm long.

Environmental and genetic influences on phenology and plant size in a perennial herb, Senecio integrifolius

1991 ◽  
Vol 69 (1) ◽  
pp. 209-217 ◽  
Author(s):  
Björn Widén
Keyword(s):  
Natural Population ◽  
Rank Order ◽  
Natural Populations ◽  
Flowering Phenology ◽  
Plant Size ◽  
Genetic Influences ◽  
Perennial Herb ◽  
Cultivated Plants ◽  
Mother Plants ◽  
Progeny Size

Individual plants of the perennial herb Senecio integrifolius showed a highly significant correlation between rank order of the dates of first flowering and of first fruiting in a natural population and in cultivation. Plants exposed to full sunshine were smaller and flowered earlier than shaded plants both in a natural population and in cultivation. Within the two groups, plants with large inflorescences started to flower first. Duration of flowering was regulated by the size of the inflorescence; plants with many heads flowered longer than plants with few heads. There was a significant correlation between phenological rank order of mother plants in natural populations and their progenies in cultivation, but no consistent relationship between mother size and progeny size was found. Cultivated plants were consistent in rank order of flowering and in size over the years. Key words: flowering phenology, plant size, genetic variation, Senecio.

A revision of the genus Digitaria Haller (Paniceae: Poaceae) in Australia.

Brunonia ◽  
1983 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 131 ◽  
Author(s):  
RD Webster
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
New Species ◽  
Light Microscopy ◽  
Alphabetical Order ◽  
Delta System ◽  
Anatomical Characters ◽  
Species Descriptions ◽  
Species Being ◽  
Scanning Electron

The DELTA computer system is used in the presentation of a revision of the genus Digitaria in Australia. Thirty-eight species are recognized, new species being D. imbricata, D. lanceolata, D. minima and D. oraria. Methods used in the production of the computerized taxonomic output are described. Characters used in the keys and descriptions are discussed and where necessary illustrated by scanning electron microscopy and light microscopy. Species are grouped into sections and a key is given to these categories. Section descriptions are listed in alphabetic order. Two keys for the species are given. The first is a standard morphological key and the second is based entirely on vegetative and anatomical characters. Species descriptions are listed in alphabetical order. It is concluded that the DELTA system provides an efficient means of accumulating, storing, editing, manipulating and presenting classical taxonomic data.

scholarly journals Morphological and anatomical features of seeds of Turkish Romulea taxa (Iridaceae) and their taxonomic significance

2015 ◽  
Vol 74 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-41 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mehmet Cengiz Karaismailoğlu
Keyword(s):  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Seed Morphology ◽  
Taxonomic Significance ◽  
Anatomical Features ◽  
Taxonomic Importance ◽  
Anatomical Characters ◽  
Electron Microscopes ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopes ◽  
Scanning Electron

Abstract This paper reports on the assessment of morphological (macro and micro) and anatomical characters of seeds of Romulea taxa distributed in Turkey with the use of oneway analysis of variance, cluster analysis and principal component analysis. Morphological characteristics such as size, shape, color and surface of seeds were examined with the use of light and scanning electron microscopes. Thicknesses of testa and phytomelan layer, sizes of embryo in seeds were studied anatomically. The outcomes revealed that taxa were similar in some aspects such as color and shape of seeds. However, seed size, thickness of testa and phytomelan layer, shape of the epidermal cells in testa and sizes of embryo were different among taxa, and have taxonomic value in the distinction of these taxa from each other. In addition, the seed surfaces were more or less different for the examined taxa on an interspecific level. Consequently, seed morphology and anatomy with a few exceptions demonstrated diversity and they had taxonomic importance in terms of distinguishing among species.

scholarly journals Micromorphological and anatomical features of four species of Elytrigia Desv. (Poaceae)

2013 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 135-144 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lin Meng ◽  
Peichun Mao
Keyword(s):  
Transverse Section ◽  
Interspecific Variation ◽  
Vascular Bundles ◽  
Anatomical Features ◽  
Bulliform Cells ◽  
Plant Taxon ◽  
Anatomical Characters ◽  
Subsidiary Cells ◽  
Micromorphological Characters ◽  
Scanning Electron

The micromorphological and anatomical characters of Elytrigia caespitosa (K.Koch) Nevski , E. intermedia (Host) Nevski × E. elongata (Host) Nevski, E. intermedia(Host) Nevski and  E. repens (L.) Desv. ex Nevski have been studied using Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) to determine interspecific variation. The results show that the root transverse section consists of epidermis, cortex and stele. Two rings of vascular bundles and a central pith cavity appear in stem morphology. The leaves of  E. caespitosa have either single or twin, horse shoe-shaped short cells born along the costal zone of the upper epidermis, which lack prickle hairs and contain spherical or oblique-shaped papillae. In  E. intermedia, the parallel subsidiary cells are distributed on the upper epidermis, and there are no short cells in the leaves. Dome-shaped subsidiary cells appear on the upper epidermis of  E. intermedia × E. elongata and E. repens, but E. intermedia × E. elongata showes spot-shaped papillae, and its bulliform cells sank into the “hinge cells”. E. repens has no papillae, and its bulliform cells are not sunken into the mesophyll. Therefore, the differences in micromorphological characters on the upper epidermis of the leaf could be useful in classifying and determining phylogenetic relationships among the species.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjpt.v20i2.17388Bangladesh J. Plant Taxon.  20(2): 135-144, 2013

Cambium phenology and dendrochronology of the endangered tropical tree Ocotea catharinensis Mez

IAWA Journal ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Warlen Silva da Costa ◽  
Maura Da Cunha ◽  
Tahysa Mota Macedo ◽  
Mariana de Andrade Iguatemy ◽  
Alexandre Quinet ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tree Ring ◽  
Habitat Loss ◽  
Ring Width ◽  
Cambial Activity ◽  
Brazilian Atlantic Forest ◽  
Tree Ring Width ◽  
Natural Forests ◽  
Breast Height ◽  
Dry Seasons ◽  
Cambial Dormancy

Abstract Ocotea catharinensis occurs mainly in the Brazilian Atlantic Forest and is highly threatened by timber logging, forest fragmentation, and habitat loss. The remnant populations of this species are genetically rich, which may be related to the presence of long-lived trees, and so it is imperative to understand their growth and age. In this study, we analyzed trees of O. catharinensis from dense ombrophylous forest, its dendrochronological potential, the period of cambial activity and dormancy, and the influence of climate on annual growth. The species showed distinct annually-formed tree-rings, with cambial activity during summer and autumn, and cambial dormancy during winter and spring. A tree-ring width chronology was built from 1852–2015. The estimated age of the sampled trees varied from 40 to 164 years. O. catharinensis in our study site does not show a strong age–diameter relationship, hence similar diameters at breast height resulted in differences in ages by as much as 50 years. The resulting tree-ring width chronology is positively correlated with March precipitation, the transition month between rainy and dry seasons. This study brings valuable contributions to the understanding of the growth of O. catharinensis, which is a novelty for this species and important to the maintenance of these long-lived trees in natural forests.

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