scholarly journals Morphological and anatomical features of seeds of Turkish Romulea taxa (Iridaceae) and their taxonomic significance

2015 ◽  
Vol 74 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-41 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mehmet Cengiz Karaismailoğlu
Keyword(s):  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Seed Morphology ◽  
Taxonomic Significance ◽  
Anatomical Features ◽  
Taxonomic Importance ◽  
Anatomical Characters ◽  
Electron Microscopes ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopes ◽  
Scanning Electron

Abstract This paper reports on the assessment of morphological (macro and micro) and anatomical characters of seeds of Romulea taxa distributed in Turkey with the use of oneway analysis of variance, cluster analysis and principal component analysis. Morphological characteristics such as size, shape, color and surface of seeds were examined with the use of light and scanning electron microscopes. Thicknesses of testa and phytomelan layer, sizes of embryo in seeds were studied anatomically. The outcomes revealed that taxa were similar in some aspects such as color and shape of seeds. However, seed size, thickness of testa and phytomelan layer, shape of the epidermal cells in testa and sizes of embryo were different among taxa, and have taxonomic value in the distinction of these taxa from each other. In addition, the seed surfaces were more or less different for the examined taxa on an interspecific level. Consequently, seed morphology and anatomy with a few exceptions demonstrated diversity and they had taxonomic importance in terms of distinguishing among species.

scholarly journals Seed morphology and histology of some Paronychia taxa (Caryophyllaceae) from Turkey

1970 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 171-176 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ayse Kaplan ◽  
Hatice Çölgeçen ◽  
H Nurhan Büyükkartal
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Seed Morphology ◽  
Epidermal Cells ◽  
Surface Structures ◽  
Dichotomous Key ◽  
Electron Microscopes ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopes ◽  
Scanning Electron

Seed morphology and histology of 12 taxa (nine species, two subspecies, one variety) of Paronychia Miller (Caryophyllaceae) by light and scanning electron microscopes revealed that seeds are laterally compressed, reniform, and hilums are linear. Testa surface structures are alveolate-scalariform, colliculate, reticulate-alveolate, rugose and ruminate. Differences in cuticle and papillae properties of epidermal cells have been observed. A dichotomous key has been developed for Paronychia agryloba Stapf, P. angorensis Chaudri, P. arabica (L.) DC. subsp. euphratica Chaudri, P. carica Chaudri, P. cataonica Chaudri, P. condensata Chaudri, P. davisii Chaudri, P. dudleyi Chaudri, P. galatica Chaudri, P. kurdica Boiss subsp. kurdica var. kurdica, P. kurdica Boiss subsp. montis-munzur Chaudri and P. mughlaei Chaudri.   Key words: Paronychia; Caryophyllaceae; Seed morphology; Seed histology; Turkey DOI: 10.3329/bjb.v38i2.5142 Bangladesh J. Bot. 38(2): 171-176, 2009 (December)  

Andrographis megamalayana (Andrographinae: Acanthaceae), a new species from the southern Western Ghats, India

Phytotaxa ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 244 (1) ◽  
pp. 89
Author(s):  
Gunadayalan Gnanasekaran ◽  
Subbiah Karuppusamy ◽  
Garimella Venkata Suryanarayana Murthy
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Western Ghats ◽  
Conservation Status ◽  
Seed Morphology ◽  
Southern Western Ghats ◽  
Electron Microscopes ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopes ◽  
A New Species ◽  
Scanning Electron

Andrographis megamalayana Gnanasek., Karupp. & G.V.S. Murthy (Andrographinae: Acanthaceae), a new species from the southern Western Ghats, India, is described here with illustrations, colour photographs, relationships with its allied species and IUCN conservation status. In addition, the pollen and seed morphology have been described here using Light and Scanning Electron Microscopes.

scholarly journals Comparative morphology and anatomy of seeds of some Aethionema W.T. Aiton (Brassicaceae) taxa from Turkey

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mehmet Cengiz Karaismailoğlu
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Principal Component Analysis ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Comparative Morphology ◽  
Seed Morphology ◽  
Anatomical Features ◽  
Major Significance ◽  
Surface Patterns ◽  
Scanning Electron

Seed morphology and anatomy are taxonomically significant in Brassicaceae. The seed structures of Aethionema from Turkey, which include 12 taxa (Aethionema syriacum, A. froedinii, A. arabicum, A. eunomioides, A. fimbriatum, A. speciosum subsp. speciosum, A. speciosum subsp. compactum, A. saxatile, A. oppositifolium, A. iberideum, A. armenum, A. grandiflorum) were studied for knowing seed morphological and anatomical features with one-way analysis of variance, cluster analysis and principal component analysis. Seed size, shape and color were examined with stereomicroscopy.The surface patterns of seed were observed using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). In addition, structure, and thicknesses of testa and endosperm were investigated anatomically. Thickness of testa and endosperm were of major significance to illustrate interspecific relations among the examined taxa.

Seed morphology of the genus Scrophularia L. (Scrophulariaceae) from Turkey and its taxonomic implications

Phytotaxa ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 434 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-64
Author(s):  
FUNDA ÖZBEK ◽  
MEHMET ERKAN UZUNHİSARCIKLI ◽  
MURAT EKİCİ ◽  
EBRU DOĞAN GÜNER ◽  
NUR MÜNEVVER PINAR
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Diagnostic Value ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Seed Morphology ◽  
Seed Length ◽  
Taxonomic Implications ◽  
Seed Width ◽  
Scanning Electron

73 taxa of the genus Scrophularia (Scrophulariaceae) from Turkey have been investigated using light stereomicroscope (LM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) in order to describe their seed morphological characteristics and to evaluate the diagnostic value of these features as a contribution to the genus systematics. The seeds are oblong, ellipsoid, ovoid or obovoid in shape and light or dark brown, blackish-brown to black in colour. The seed length ranges from 0.41 to 2.04 mm and seed width from 0.24 to 1.33 mm. All investigated taxa have bireticulate-alveolate ornamentation with vesicles on the corners of secondary reticulum cells except of S. zuvandica. The alveoli are oblong, orbicular and linear with a size of 7.63–143.1 × 21.62–314.2 µm. Cluster analysis and principal component analysis have been used to determine the contribution of seed morphological characters to the taxa relationships. Numerical analysis has revealed that the seed size and the secondary reticulum properties have significant importance in taxonomy of the genus for distinguishing taxa from each other.

Current State of Biological High-Resolution Scanning Electron Microscopy

1988 ◽  
Vol 46 ◽  
pp. 180-181 ◽  
Author(s):  
Klaus-Ruediger Peters
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Low Voltage ◽  
Backscattered Electrons ◽  
Lens Position ◽  
Low Voltage Operation ◽  
Signal Collection ◽  
Probe Size ◽  
Electron Microscopes ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopes ◽  
Scanning Electron

A new generation of high performance field emission scanning electron microscopes (FSEM) is now commercially available (JEOL 890, Hitachi S 900, ISI OS 130-F) characterized by an "in lens" position of the specimen where probe diameters are reduced and signal collection improved. Additionally, low voltage operation is extended to 1 kV. Compared to the first generation of FSEM (JE0L JSM 30, Hitachi S 800), which utilized a specimen position below the final lens, specimen size had to be reduced but useful magnification could be impressively increased in both low (1-4 kV) and high (5-40 kV) voltage operation, i.e. from 50,000 to 200,000 and 250,000 to 1,000,000 x respectively.At high accelerating voltage and magnification, contrasts on biological specimens are well characterized1 and are produced by the entering probe electrons in the outmost surface layer within -vl nm depth. Backscattered electrons produce only a background signal. Under these conditions (FIG. 1) image quality is similar to conventional TEM (FIG. 2) and only limited at magnifications >1,000,000 x by probe size (0.5 nm) or non-localization effects (%0.5 nm).

Observation of GaAs/AlAs Superlattice Structures in both Secondary and Backscattcred Electron Imaging Modes with an Ultrahigh Resolution Scanning Electron Microscope

1990 ◽  
Vol 48 (1) ◽  
pp. 404-405
Author(s):  
K. Ogura ◽  
A. Ono ◽  
S. Franchi ◽  
P.G. Merli ◽  
A. Migliori
Keyword(s):  
Gaas Layer ◽  
Objective Lens ◽  
Superlattice Structure ◽  
Backscattered Electron ◽  
Instrumental Resolution ◽  
Electron Microscopes ◽  
Superlattice Structures ◽  
Electron Imaging ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopes ◽  
Scanning Electron

In the last few years the development of Scanning Electron Microscopes (SEM), equipped with a Field Emission Gun (FEG) and using in-lens specimen position, has allowed a significant improvement of the instrumental resolution . This is a result of the fine and bright probe provided by the FEG and by the reduced aberration coefficients of the strongly excited objective lens. The smaller specimen size required by in-lens instruments (about 1 cm, in comparison to 15 or 20 cm of a conventional SEM) doesn’t represent a serious limitation in the evaluation of semiconductor process techniques, where the demand of high resolution is continuosly increasing. In this field one of the more interesting applications, already described (1), is the observation of superlattice structures.In this note we report a comparison between secondary electron (SE) and backscattered electron (BSE) images of a GaAs / AlAs superlattice structure, whose cross section is reported in fig. 1. The structure consist of a 3 nm GaAs layer and 10 pairs of 7 nm GaAs / 15 nm AlAs layers grown on GaAs substrate. Fig. 2, 3 and 4 are SE images of this structure made with a JEOL JSM 890 SEM operating at an accelerating voltage of 3, 15 and 25 kV respectively. Fig. 5 is a 25 kV BSE image of the same specimen. It can be noticed that the 3nm layer is always visible and that the 3 kV SE image, in spite of the poorer resolution, shows the same contrast of the BSE image. In the SE mode, an increase of the accelerating voltage produces a contrast inversion. On the contrary, when observed with BSE, the layers of GaAs are always brighter than the AlAs ones , independently of the beam energy.

Discoasters of the Blue Clay (Middle Miocene) of Malta and Gozo

1978 ◽  
Vol 115 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-19 ◽  
Author(s):  
Minoo Hojjatzadeh
Keyword(s):  
Middle Miocene ◽  
The Family ◽  
Electron Microscopes ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopes ◽  
Scanning Electron

SummaryTwenty-three species of the Family Discoasteraceae Vekshina, 1959 recovered from 18 samples of the Blue Clay at Fort Chambray, Gozo, and 31 samples from Fomm-Ir-Rih Bay, Malta, have been studied under light and scanning electron microscopes. Fourteen Middle Miocene species are reviewed, their stratigraphical ranges and importance as marker species discussed. Nine species are described as new. On the basis of the discoaster species present, a Middle Miocene age (NN.6 Discoaster exilis Zone – NN.7 Discoaster kugleri Zone) for the Blue Clay in Malta and Gozo is suggested.

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