scholarly journals Temporal variability of extreme temperature indices in Utah during the past few decades

2013 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 364-372 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlos Antonio Costa dos Santos ◽  
José Ivaldo Barbosa de Brito ◽  
Elder Guedes dos Santos ◽  
Tantravahi Venkata Ramana Rao ◽  
Vicente de Paulo Rodrigues da Silva
Keyword(s):  
Temporal Variability ◽  
Extreme Temperature ◽  
Quality Data ◽  
Maximum Temperature ◽  
Data Set ◽  
High Quality Data ◽  
The Past ◽  
Air Temperatures ◽  
Temperature Indices ◽  
Minimum Air Temperature

The main objective of this study was to analyze the trends in five annual extreme indices of temperature for Utah, USA. The analyses were conducted for 28 meteorological stations, during the period from 1970 to 2006, characterized by high quality data set. The analyses of extreme temperature indices have identified an increase in the maximum and minimum air temperatures in Utah. Predominantly, the minimum air temperature is increasing in the studied region. Most of Utah has shown a decrease in the diurnal temperature range, which indicates that the minimum temperature is increasing faster than the maximum temperature.

scholarly journals Change in mean and extreme temperature at Yingkou station in Northeast China from 1904 to 2017

2021 ◽  
Vol 164 (3-4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaoying Xue ◽  
Guoyu Ren ◽  
Xiubao Sun ◽  
Panfeng Zhang ◽  
Yuyu Ren ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Northeast China ◽  
Extreme Temperature ◽  
Maximum Temperature ◽  
Data Set ◽  
The Past ◽  
Significant Downward Trend ◽  
Cold Events ◽  
Temperature Indices ◽  
Increasing Trends ◽  
Change In Mean

AbstractThe understanding of centennial trends of extreme temperature has been impeded due to the lack of early-year observations. In this paper, we collect and digitize the daily temperature data set of Northeast China Yingkou meteorological station since 1904. After quality control and homogenization, we analyze the changes of mean and extreme temperature in the past 114 years. The results show that mean temperature (Tmean), maximum temperature (Tmax), and minimum temperature (Tmin) all have increasing trends during 1904–2017. The increase of Tmin is the most obvious with the rate of 0.34 °C/decade. The most significant warming occurs in spring and winter with the rate of Tmean reaching 0.32 °C/decade and 0.31 °C/decade, respectively. Most of the extreme temperature indices as defined using absolute and relative thresholds of Tmax and Tmin also show significant changes, with cold events witnessing a more significant downward trend. The change is similar to that reported for global land and China for the past six decades. It is also found that the extreme highest temperature (1958) and lowest temperature (1920) records all occurred in the first half of the whole period, and the change of extreme temperature indices before 1950 is different from that of the recent decades, in particular for diurnal temperature range (DTR), which shows an opposite trend in the two time periods.

scholarly journals Truthful Mechanism Design for Multiregion Mobile Crowdsensing

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-15
Author(s):  
Yu Qiao ◽  
Jun Wu ◽  
Hao Cheng ◽  
Zilan Huang ◽  
Qiangqiang He ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Mechanism Design ◽  
Learning Systems ◽  
Quality Data ◽  
Weighted Mean ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Data Set ◽  
High Quality Data ◽  
Incentive Mechanisms ◽  
New Challenges

In the age of the development of artificial intelligence, we face the challenge on how to obtain high-quality data set for learning systems effectively and efficiently. Crowdsensing is a new powerful tool which will divide tasks between the data contributors to achieve an outcome cumulatively. However, it arouses several new challenges, such as incentivization. Incentive mechanisms are significant to the crowdsensing applications, since a good incentive mechanism will attract more workers to participate. However, existing mechanisms failed to consider situations where the crowdsourcer has to hire capacitated workers or workers from multiregions. We design two objectives for the proposed multiregion scenario, namely, weighted mean and maximin. The proposed mechanisms maximize the utility of services provided by a selected data contributor under both constraints approximately. Also, extensive simulations are conducted to verify the effectiveness of our proposed methods.

scholarly journals Oscillations in the Sun with SONG: Setting the scale for asteroseismic investigations

2019 ◽  
Vol 623 ◽  
pp. L9 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Fredslund Andersen ◽  
P. Pallé ◽  
J. Jessen-Hansen ◽  
K. Wang ◽  
F. Grundahl ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Power Spectrum ◽  
Quality Data ◽  
Scaling Relations ◽  
The Sun ◽  
Average Amplitude ◽  
Echelle Spectrograph ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Data Set ◽  
High Quality Data ◽  
High Cadence

Context. We present the first high-cadence multiwavelength radial-velocity observations of the Sun-as-a-star, carried out during 57 consecutive days using the stellar échelle spectrograph at the Hertzsprung SONG Telescope operating at the Teide Observatory. Aims. Our aim was to produce a high-quality data set and reference values for the global helioseismic parameters νmax, ⊙ and Δν⊙ of the solar p-modes using the SONG instrument. The obtained data set or the inferred values should then be used when the scaling relations are applied to other stars showing solar-like oscillations observed with SONG or similar instruments. Methods. We used different approaches to analyse the power spectrum of the time series to determine νmax, ⊙: simple Gaussian fitting and heavy smoothing of the power spectrum. We determined Δν⊙ using the method of autocorrelation of the power spectrum. The amplitude per radial mode was determined using the method described in Kjeldsen et al. (2008, ApJ, 682, 1370). Results. We found the following values for the solar oscillations using the SONG spectrograph: νmax, ⊙ = 3141 ± 12 μHz, Δν⊙ = 134.98 ± 0.04 μHz, and an average amplitude of the strongest radial modes of 16.6 ± 0.4 cm s−1. These values are consistent with previous measurements with other techniques.

scholarly journals Effects of Urbanization on Regional Extreme-Temperature Changes in China, 1960–2016

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (16) ◽  
pp. 6560 ◽  
Author(s):  
Junliang Qiu ◽  
Xiankun Yang ◽  
Bowen Cao ◽  
Zhilong Chen ◽  
Yuxuan Li
Keyword(s):  
Northeast China ◽  
Urban Climate ◽  
Extreme Temperature ◽  
Maximum Temperature ◽  
Temperature Changes ◽  
Low Latitudes ◽  
Different Seasons ◽  
Extreme Minimum Temperature ◽  
Temperature Indices ◽  
Urbanization In China

Urbanization in China has been expanding dramatically since 1978, significantly affecting the extreme temperature changes in cities, which is a vital indicator of urban climate change. To assess urban-related effect on regional extreme-temperature changes in China, this study employed high-resolution land use data to divide meteorological stations into rural stations, suburban stations, and urban stations, and evaluated the annual and seasonal changes in extreme minimum temperature (TNN), mean temperature (Tavg) and extreme maximum temperature (TXX) at each meteorological station. The result revealed that extreme temperature indices (TNN, TXX) and Tavg increased significantly from 1960 to 2016 with varied degrees in different seasons and different regions. Extreme temperature indices in high latitudes increased more rapidly than in low latitudes; while the trends in summer are slower than in other seasons. Urbanization effects on the trends of TNN, Tavg and TXX were all statistically significant, but urbanization effects on TNN and Tavg were more significant than TXX. The urbanization effects were more significant in low altitudes, especially in North, South, Northwest and Northeast China. In North, Northwest and Northeast China, the urban-related effects on temperature increase were mainly observed in spring and winter, but in South China, the urban-related effects were more evident in summer. This study is valuable for sustainable urban planning in China.

Lessons Learned from Modal Testing of Aerospace Structures

1993 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-56
Author(s):  
David Hunt ◽  
Ralph Brillhart
Keyword(s):  
Data Acquisition ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Modal Testing ◽  
Quality Data ◽  
High Quality Data ◽  
Modal Data ◽  
Analysis Techniques ◽  
Rapid Acquisition ◽  
The Past ◽  
Multiple Input

A wide variety of challenges have been encountered during the past 10 years of aerospace modal testing. New excitation methods have evolved, including single and multiple input random. Enhancements to traditional single and multiple input sine methods have been developed. Data analysis techniques that allow more consistent modal models to be extracted in less time than previously required have also been developed. New data acquisition hardware allows more rapid acquisition of modal data. As a result of these new excitation methods, data acquisition hardware and analysis tools, more high-quality data can be collected in considerably less time than was possible in the past. Modal surveys with 200 to 400 channels of response are becoming more commonplace. During the development and implementation of these new capabilities, many lessons have been learned about how to manage the increased amount of data collected and how to ensure that the quality remains high.

scholarly journals Immune Signatures in Patients with Psoriasis Vulgaris of Blood-Heat Syndrome: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xin Li ◽  
Qing-qing Xiao ◽  
Fu-lun Li ◽  
Rong Xu ◽  
Bin Fan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Psoriasis Vulgaris ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Serum Marker ◽  
Serum Markers ◽  
Quality Data ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
High Quality Data ◽  
The Past ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Heat Syndrome

Objective. To determine whether immunological serum markers IFN-γ, IL-4, IL-17, IL-23, IL-6, TNF-α, and IL-10 are elevated or decreased in patients compared with healthy controls.Methods. A complete search of the literature on this topic within the past 30 years was conducted across seven databases. Seventeen studies including 768 individuals were identified. Differences in serum marker levels between subjects and controls were pooled as MDs using the random-effects model.Results. The pooled MDs were higher in patients than in healthy controls for IFN-γ(MD 24.9, 95% CI 12.36–37.43), IL-17 (MD 28.92, 95% CI 17.44–40.40), IL-23 (MD 310.60, 95% CI 4.96–616.24), and TNF-α(MD 19.84, 95% CI 13.80–25.87). Pooled IL-4 (MD −13.5, 95% CI −17.74–−9.26) and IL-10 (MD −10.33, 95% CI −12.03–−8.63) levels were lower in patients.Conclusion. The pooled analyses suggest that levels of IFN-γ, IL-17, IL-23, and TNF-αare significantly elevated and that levels of IL-4 and IL-10 are significantly decreased in sera of patients with psoriasis vulgaris of blood-heat syndrome. Measuring progression of blood-heat syndrome of psoriasis vulgaris will require additional high-quality data, with a low risk of bias and adequate sample sizes, before and after antipsoriatic therapy.

A seminal paper on the epidemiology of cancer pain

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul Farquhar-Smith
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Pain ◽  
Quality Data ◽  
High Quality ◽  
High Quality Data ◽  
Seminal Paper ◽  
Patients With Cancer ◽  
The Past ◽  
Pain Prevalence ◽  
Prevalence Of Pain ◽  
Interest In Research

The landmark paper discussed in this chapter is ‘Prevalence of pain in patients with cancer: A systematic review of the past 40 years’, published by van den Beuken et al. in 2007. It is not surprising that this definitive study on cancer pain prevalence is one of the most cited papers in cancer pain. Despite the extent of cancer pain literature, this paper’s 2007 publication is surprisingly recent for the first methodologically sound and major study of cancer pain prevalence. Many previous estimates lacked accuracy, and were prone to bias. What was known was that, despite apparent increasing interest in, research in, and recognition of pain in cancer patients, the prevalence of such pain was still high, even after treatment. This paper attempted to accurately quantify just how high by statistically pooling available high-quality data while avoiding the pitfalls of combining heterogeneous studies, as had plagued previous reports.

Occurrence of extreme temperature events – A Probable risk on natural rubber cultivation

2015 ◽  
Vol 43 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
K.K. Jayasooryan ◽  
P.R. Satheesh ◽  
R. Krishnakumar ◽  
James Jacob
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Ecological Impact ◽  
Extreme Temperature ◽  
Temporal Variations ◽  
Maximum Temperature ◽  
Extreme Temperature Events ◽  
The Past ◽  
Hot Days ◽  
Expert Team ◽  
Increasing Trends

<span style="line-height: 107%; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 12pt; mso-bidi-language: HI; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;" lang="EN-GB">Climate change and occurrence of extreme temperature events were studied in Kottayam, a major rubber growing district in Kerala. Occurrence of extreme temperature events can affect the livelihood of rubber growers apart from the ecological impact. The present study was conducted by analysing the occurrence of extreme temperature events in the past 40 years (1970-2010) using the RClimDex package developed by the Expert Team on Climate Change Detection Monitoring and Indices (ETCCDMI), Canada. Temporal variations in trends of occurrence of extreme temperature events were tested with Mann-Kendall trend analysis. The 5-year diurnal temperature range (DTR, difference between monthly mean maximum and minimum temperatures) increased from 7.8 (during 1970-1974) to 9.2 0C (during 2006-2010). The monthly mean maximum temperature increased by 0.035 0C per year. Frequency of occurrence of hot days increased at a rate of 0.56 per cent per year and the highest temperature recorded in a month showed an increase of 0.038 0C per year. As observed, the increasing trends in the occurrence of extreme temperature events may eventually lead to the warming up of the region in future. The study indicates that the projected warming tendency in the traditional rubber growing regions of India may affect the rubber cultivation adversely.</span>

Seasonal analysis of warm extreme events in Serbia from 1949 to 2017

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ivana Tosic ◽  
Suzana Putniković ◽  
Milica Tošić
Keyword(s):  
Extreme Events ◽  
Heat Waves ◽  
Extreme Temperature ◽  
Maximum Temperature ◽  
Daily Maximum Temperature ◽  
Daily Maximum ◽  
Extreme Temperature Events ◽  
Air Temperatures ◽  
Seasonal Analysis ◽  
Novi Sad

&lt;p&gt;Worldwide studies revealed a general increase in frequency and severity of warm extreme temperature events. In this study, extreme temperature events including Heat waves (HWs) are examined. Extreme indices are calculated based on daily maximum temperature (Tx). The following definitions are employed: SU - number of days with Tx &gt; 25 &amp;#176;C, umber of days with Tx &gt; 90&lt;sup&gt;th&lt;/sup&gt; percentile, and WSDI - number of days in intervals of at least six consecutive days for which Tx is higher than the calendar day 90&lt;sup&gt;th&lt;/sup&gt; percentile. Daily values of air temperatures from 11 meteorological stations distributed across Serbia were used for the period 1949&amp;#8211;2017.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Trends of extreme temperature events and their frequencies are examined. The period 1949&amp;#8211;2017 are characterised by a warming of extreme temperature indices (SU, Tx90, HWs). It is found that maximum air temperatures increased at all stations, but statistically significant at 6 stations in winter, 4 stations in summer and two stations in spring. The average number of SU per station was between 63.1 in Novi Sad to 73.5 in Negotin during the summer season. Significant increase of SU is recorded in summer for 10 out of 11 stations. Positive trends of SU and Tx90 are observed for all stations and seasons, except in Novi Sad. The average number of Tx90 is about 9 for all stations in all seasons. The longest heat waves prevailed in 2012, but the most severe are recorded in 2007. Increasing of warm extreme events in Serbia are in agreement with studies for different regions of the world.&lt;/p&gt;

scholarly journals Excitation of Polar Motion

2000 ◽  
Vol 178 ◽  
pp. 411-420 ◽  
Author(s):  
Clark R. Wilson
Keyword(s):  
Polar Motion ◽  
Conceptual Models ◽  
Numerical Models ◽  
Broad Band ◽  
Quality Data ◽  
Past Century ◽  
High Quality Data ◽  
The Past ◽  
Continuum Concept ◽  
The Continuum

AbstractConceptual models of polar motion have evolved over the past century, as improved data revealed signals over progressively wider frequency bands. In the 1890s, Chandler represented polar motion as a sum of discrete components, 14 month and annual terms, and this component model effectively summarized the observations, but did not provide a physical explanation for them. Over time both the search for a physical understanding of polar motion, and the ability to observe the broad band continuum outside the Chandler and annual bands have led to an understanding of polar motion as a continuum of variations, not adequately described by a few discrete components. The continuum concept is now the working model in most studies of polar motion. The transition from component to continuum conceptual models preceded the arrival of high quality data by several decades, and reflected significant contributions from Harold Jeffreys. With modern space geodetic observations and good global numerical models of the atmosphere, oceans, and other climate processes, it is clear that air and water motion and redistribution are the dominant contributors to the excitation continuum.

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