scholarly journals Influence of S(+)-ketamine analgesia in renal intraoperative ischemia: histological study in rats

2006 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 242-246 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eloy Rusafa Neto ◽  
Pedro Thadeu Galvão Vianna ◽  
Rosa Marlene Viero ◽  
Norma Sueli Pinheiro Módolo ◽  
Eliana Marisa Ganem ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Arterial Pressure ◽  
Rectal Temperature ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Histological Study ◽  
Sodium Pentobarbital ◽  
Histological Changes ◽  
Renal Histology ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
Arterial Hemorrhage

PURPOSE: To study in rats the effect of S(+)ketamine on the renal histology after intraoperative hemorrhage. METHODS: Twenty male Wistar rats, anesthetized with sodium pentobarbital, were randomly divided in 2 groups: G1 - control (n=l0) and G2 - S(+)-ketamine (n=10), both submitted to arterial hemorrhage of 30% of volemia in 3 moments (10% each 10 min) 60 min after anesthesia. G2 received S(+)-ketamine, 15 mg. kg-1, i.m., 5 min after anesthesia and 55 min before the 1st hemorrhage moment (Ml). Medium arterial pressure (MAP), rectal temperature (T) and heart rate were monitored. The animals were sacrificed in M4, 30 min after the 3rd hemorrhage moment (M3) and the kidneys and blood collected from hemorrhage were utilized for histological study and hematocrit (Ht) determination. RESULTS: There were significant reduction of MAP, T, and Ht. The histological study verified G1 = G2 for tubular dilation, congestion, and necrosis. The total score addition were significant1y different and G2 > G 1. CONCLUSION: Hemorrhage and hypotension determined changes in kidney histology. The rise in catecholamine blood concentration probably was the cause of S(+)-ketamine-induced higher score of histological changes.

scholarly journals Dynamic Aerobic Exercise Induces Baroreflex Improvement in Diabetic Rats

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luciana Jorge ◽  
Demilto Y. da Pureza ◽  
Danielle da Silva Dias ◽  
Filipe Fernandes Conti ◽  
Maria-Cláudia Irigoyen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Arterial Pressure ◽  
Aerobic Exercise ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Baroreflex Sensitivity ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Male Wistar Rats

The objective of the present study was to investigate the effects of an acute aerobic exercise on arterial pressure (AP), heart rate (HR), and baroreflex sensitivity (BRS) in STZ-induced diabetic rats. Male Wistar rats were divided into control (n=8) and diabetic (n=8) groups. AP, HR, and BRS, which were measured by tachycardic and bradycardic (BR) responses to AP changes, were evaluated at rest (R) and postexercise session (PE) on a treadmill. At rest, STZ diabetes induced AP and HR reductions, associated with BR impairment. Attenuation in resting diabetes-induced AP (R:103±2versus PE:111±3 mmHg) and HR (R:290±7versus PE:328±10 bpm) reductions and BR dysfunction (R:-0.70±0.06versus PE:-1.21±0.09 bpm/mmHg) was observed in the postexercise period. In conclusion, the hemodynamic and arterial baro-mediated control of circulation improvement in the postexercise period reinforces the role of exercise in the management of cardiovascular risk in diabetes.

scholarly journals Hemodynamic and thermoregulatory effects of xylazine-ketamine mixture persist even after the anesthetic stage in rats

2012 ◽  
Vol 64 (4) ◽  
pp. 860-864 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Picollo ◽  
A.J. Serra ◽  
R.F. Levy ◽  
E.L. Antonio ◽  
L. dos Santos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Diastolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Rectal Temperature ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Complete Recovery ◽  
Anesthetic Depth ◽  
Awake State ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
And Control

The xylazine-ketamine mixture (KX) is an anesthetic approach commonly administered to assess cardiovascular function in rodents. This study aimed to examine if the cardiovascular and thermoregulatory effects of KX could persist after the anesthetic state ceased in rats. Male Wistar rats were anesthetized with K (50mg/kg) X (10mg/kg) through the intra-peritoneal route. Hemodynamic and thermoregulatory repercussions were evaluated in animals in awake state, during an anesthetic depth and after complete recovery of anesthetized state. KX was efficient to significantly induce deep anesthesia in all rats after 10min. A complete recovery of anesthetized state was observed only after 210min. Compared with preanesthetic state and control animals that received no drug, KX induced a significant reduction of systolic and diastolic blood pressure at 10min. Hypotension was more prominent at 150min. The heart rate was also significantly reduced after 10 min of KX and the highest magnitude of bradycardia was observed at 30min. In addition, rectal temperature was markedly decreased at 30min of KX and the higher reduction occurred at 150min. The hemodynamic and thermoregulatory effects of KX were maintained even after complete anesthetic recovery.

Restoration of heart and respiration in rats after cooling to a body temperature of 9-10°C

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
N.K. Arokina
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Mechanical Ventilation ◽  
Body Temperature ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Rectal Temperature ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Artificial Respiration ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
Key Words Hypothermia ◽  
Ventilation Of The Lungs

The study was carried out on male Wistar rats anesthetized by urethane. The rats were cooled in water until breathing stopped; after 5 minutes, mechanical ventilation of the lungs was started, which activated the work of the heart. The animals were not removed from the water, the heart rate decreased, the heart stopped at rectal temperature (Tr) 9,6±0,7°, in the esophagus (Te) 11,9±0,6°C. Then the rats were taken out of the water, a saline heating pad (38-40 °C) was applied to the chest area. As a result, the heart temperature increased, the heart rate began to rise; their own respiration appeared at Tp 18,6±0,8° and Te 21,6±0,9°C. It is concluded that the supply of oxygen to the heart and warming contribute to the restoration of its work, and the resumption of its own breathing. Key words: hypothermia, rat, artificial respiration, heart, respiration.

scholarly journals Effects of Long-Term Administration of Lithium and Hydrochlorothiazide in Rats

1999 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 87-93 ◽  
Author(s):  
Felicia Loghin ◽  
Adriana Olinic ◽  
Daniela-Saveta Popa ◽  
Carmen Socaciu ◽  
Sorin E. Leucuta
Keyword(s):  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Concomitant Administration ◽  
Histological Changes ◽  
Association Group ◽  
Term Administration ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
Kidney Liver ◽  
Lithium Lactate

The biochemical and histological changes following 60 days administration of daily doses equivalent to 1/20 LD50 of lithium lactate and hydrochlorothiazide, as such and in association, were studied in male Wistar rats. No mortality or overt signs of toxicity were observed during the experiment and the serum activities of transaminases, alkaline phosphatase and cholinesterase were not significantly modified compared to controls. The histopathological examination of all the investigated organs: kidney, liver, brain and spleen, revealed significant lesions which were time-dependant and more pronounced in the association group. Although the changes were mostly inflammatory and conqestive, it was proved that the concomitant administration of lithium and hydrochlorothiazid is potentially dangerous, increasing lithium’s nephrotoxicity and the thiazide diuretic's hepatotoxicity.

Electrocardiographic and arterial pressure changes in female dogs subjected to epidural anesthesia with different doses of morphine

2017 ◽  
Vol XXII (130) ◽  
pp. 60-70
Author(s):  
Mariana Werneck Fonseca ◽  
Verônica Batista de Albuquerque ◽  
Gabriel T. N. Martins Ferreira ◽  
Marcelo Augusto de Araújo ◽  
Wagner Luis Ferreira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Arterial Pressure ◽  
Systolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Blood Lactate ◽  
Rectal Temperature ◽  
Epidural Anesthesia ◽  
Epidural Morphine ◽  
Pressure Changes ◽  
Different Doses

This article investigates the electrocardiographic and blood pressure changes caused by different doses of morphine administered epidurally to bitches undergoing elective ovariohysterectomy. Twenty-four healthy bitches weighing 9.8 ± 4.1 kg were assigned to three experimental groups (in each group, n = 8): (i) group M0.1: 0.1 mg/kg morphine; (ii) group M0.15: 0.15 mg/kg morphine; and (iii) group M0.2: 0.2 mg/kg morphine. In all groups, levobupivacaine was added to achieve a total volume of 0.33 mL/kg. During the procedures, the following parameters were controlled: heart rate and rhythm, systolic blood pressure, rectal temperature and blood lactate. The data were analyzed by means of statistical methods of analysis of variance, such as Kruskal-Wallis, Fisher and Tukey tests. Epidural morphine did not cause significant electrocardiographic or blood pressure changes in the tested doses, which makes the use of this drug a viable alternative for epidural anesthesia.

Nephrotoxicity as a cause of death in male wistar rats exposed to toxic doses of paracetamol\methionine combination

2011 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 182-187
Author(s):  
A. A. Iyanda ◽  
J. I. Anetor ◽  
F. A. Adeniyi ◽  
C. I. Iheakanwa
Keyword(s):  
Uric Acid ◽  
Cause Of Death ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Hepatic Necrosis ◽  
Renal Abnormality ◽  
Renal Histology ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
Physiologic Saline ◽  
Different Doses

In an earlier study, we observed that male Wistar rats administered withtoxic doses of methionine containing paracetamol formulation(acetaminophen) did not manifest hepatic necrosis even at doses as high as3000 mg\kg and 5000 mg\kg body weight (BW) yet death occurred. Thisstudy sets out to investigate the cause of death by focusing on another sensitiveorgan to acetaminophen exposure and to highlight the role of some vitaminsin this. Thirty male Wistar rats were divided into six groups consisting 5rats in each, and further administered with different doses of paracetamol\methionine, ranging from 100 mg\kg – 5000 mg\kg. 5 rats, suppliedwith only physiologic saline were considered as control. Results show thatrats exposed to 100mg\kg, 350 mg\kg and 1000 mg\kg BW did not exhibitany form of renal abnormality. The nephrotoxic indices consisting of urea,creatinine and uric acid were not significantly increased in comparison tocontrol (p>0.05). Renal histology was also not identified as abnormal; moreover0% mortality was recorded for these groups. However, the creatininewas significantly increased in 3000 mg\kg group (p

scholarly journals Microinjections of α-melanocyte stimulating hormone into the nucleus ambiguus of the rat elicit vagally mediated bradycardia

2009 ◽  
Vol 296 (5) ◽  
pp. R1402-R1411 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vineet C. Chitravanshi ◽  
Suresh Bhatt ◽  
Hreday N. Sapru
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Direct Application ◽  
Nucleus Ambiguus ◽  
Melanocyte Stimulating Hormone ◽  
Artificial Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
Bilateral Vagotomy ◽  
Stimulating Hormone

Neurons that immunostain for alpha-melanocyte stimulating hormone (α-MSH) have been identified in the nucleus ambiguus (nAmb). The presence of mRNA for melanocortin type 4 receptors (MC4Rs) has also been reported in this nucleus. On the basis of this information, it was hypothesized that activation of MC4Rs in the nAmb may play a role in the regulation of cardiac function. This hypothesis was tested in urethane-anesthetized, artificially ventilated, adult male Wistar rats. Microinjections (30 nl) of α-MSH (0.1, 0.2, 0.4, 0.8, and 1.2 mM) into the nAmb of anesthetized rats elicited decreases in heart rate (HR; 1.3 ± 0.6, 3 ± 1, 11 ± 2, 46.3 ± 3, and 43.3 ± 7 bpm, respectively) and no changes in mean arterial pressure (MAP). Maximum decreases in HR were elicited by 0.8 mM concentration of α-MSH. Bradycardic responses to α-MSH were similar in unanesthetized midcollicular decerebrate rats. Microinjections of artificial cerebrospinal fluid (30 nl) into the nAmb did not elicit a HR response. Bilateral vagotomy completely abolished α-MSH-induced bradycardia. The decreases in HR elicited by α-MSH (0.8 mM) were completely blocked by a selective MC4R antagonist. Direct application of α-MSH on the nAmb neurons increased their firing, which was blocked by prior applications of the MC4R antagonist. Microinjections of the MC4R antagonist into the nAmb did not alter reflex bradycardic responses elicited by intravenous infusions of phenylephrine, suggesting that MC4Rs did not play a role in mediating the parasympathetic component of baroreflex-induced bradycardia. These results indicated that α-MSH microinjections into the nAmb exert excitatory effects on parasympathetic preganglionic nAmb neurons via MC4Rs, leading to bradycardic responses.

scholarly journals To compare the blood pressure and heart rate during course of various types of anesthesia in wistar rat: A novel experiences

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 37-39
Author(s):  
Jagdish Narayan ◽  
Pradeep Kumar ◽  
Ankit Gupta ◽  
Sunita Tiwari
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Wistar Rat ◽  
Medical Sciences ◽  
The Awakening ◽  
Group I ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
Thiopental Sodium

Background: Rats are commonly used animals in development of newer drugs, rectification of toxicity and to record the various alterations in physiological parameters following pharmacological and non pharmacological interventions.Aim and Objectives: The purpose of this study was to identify the best physiological window during anesthesia. Therefore, we compared the effect of anesthesia using combination of ketamine and xylazine (KX) and thiopental sodium (intraperitoneally) on blood pressure and heart rate in adult male Wistar rats. Material and Methods: Twelve, male Wistar rats with a mean body weight of 260 ± 15 g were acquired. Thiopental sodium and cocktail of ketamine and xylazine (KX) were administered (ip) in group- I and group-II respectively. The systolic blood pressure and heart rate was recorded in both the groups till the awakening phase.Results: We found that there was a constant SBP and HR in Ketamine/Xylezine groups that are from 30 to 90 minutes after injection of anesthesia while this window was not observed in thiopental group.Conclusion: Our study concludes that the best time to observe the effect of newer drug during period between 30- 90 minutes after anesthesia.Asian Journal of Medical Sciences Vol.9(6) 2018 37-39

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