scholarly journals Occurrence of Lysiphlebus testaceipes parasitizing Aphis gossypii in watermelon in the State of Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil

2010 ◽  
Vol 40 (9) ◽  
pp. 2030-2032 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luciano Pacelli Medeiros Macedo ◽  
Edmondson Reginaldo Moura Filho ◽  
Adriano Soares Carvalho ◽  
Carlos Eduardo Souza Bezerra ◽  
Luís Cláudio Paterno Silveira
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
Biological Control Agent ◽  
Integrated Management ◽  
Aphis Gossypii ◽  
Rio Grande ◽  
Control Agent ◽  
The State ◽  
Lysiphlebus Testaceipes ◽  
Aphis Gossypii Glover ◽  
Almost All

This is the first report of the parasitoid Lysiphlebus testaceipes (Cresson) as a biological control agent of the aphid Aphis gossypii Glover in watermelon crop in Vale do Açu, RN. It was observed that near the harvest, almost all collected aphids were mummified, and after analyzing the emerged parasitoids, the parasitoid L. testaceipes was identified. Therefore, in the future, this species may be included in A. gossypii integrated management programs.

scholarly journals Regulatory potential of parasitoids over Aphis gossypii Glover, 1877 populations (Hemiptera: Aphididae) under semiarid laboratory conditions

2019 ◽  
pp. 89-96
Author(s):  
Raouf Bensaad ◽  
Yannick Outreman ◽  
Anne le Ralec ◽  
Yamina Guenaoui
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
Sex Ratio ◽  
Aphis Gossypii ◽  
Parasitoid Species ◽  
Lysiphlebus Testaceipes ◽  
Laboratory Conditions ◽  
Aphidius Matricariae ◽  
Aphis Gossypii Glover ◽  
Regulatory Potential ◽  
Semi Arid

Este estudio tiene como objetivo evaluar el potencial regulador de Lysiphlebus testaceipes y Aphidius matricariae sobre Aphis gossypii en condiciones de laboratorio semiáridas. Nuestros resultados mostraron que la longevidad de las hembras de L. testaceipes fue significativamente menor que la de A. matricariae. El porcentaje diario de momificación fue más importante para L. testaceipes que para A. matricariae y disminuyó con la edad de los parasitoides. En general, las tasas de momificación y de emergencia fueron más altas en L. testaceipes. La descendencia de A. matricariae se desarrolló en menos tiempo que la de L. testaceipes. La proporción sexual no varió respecto a las especies parasitoides. Con nuestros resultados, L. testaceipes fue más efectivo para el control biológico de A. gossypii en patata en agro-ecosistemas semiáridos. This study aims to evaluate the regulatory potential of Lysiphlebus testaceipes and Aphidius matricariae over Aphis gossypii in semiarid laboratory conditions. Our results showed that the longevity of L. testaceipes females was significantly lower than A. matricariae ones. The daily mummification rate of aphid was more important for L. testaceipes than for A. matricariae and declined with parasitoids age. Overall, both the mummification rates and the emergence rates were the highest in L. testaceipes. A. matricariae offspring developed in a shorter time compared to L. testaceipes ones. The overall sex ratio did not vary according to parasitoid species. From our results L. testaceipes was more effective for the biological control of A. gossypii on potato in the semi-arid agro-ecosystems.

scholarly journals Geographic structure with no evidence for host-associated lineages in European populations of Lysiphlebus testaceipes, an introduced biological control agent

2013 ◽  
Vol 66 (3) ◽  
pp. 150-158 ◽  
Author(s):  
Milana Mitrović ◽  
Andjeljko Petrović ◽  
Nickolas G. Kavallieratos ◽  
Petr Starý ◽  
Olivera Petrović-Obradović ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
Biological Control Agent ◽  
Control Agent ◽  
Lysiphlebus Testaceipes ◽  
Geographic Structure ◽  
European Populations

Effect of nematophagous fungi on reproduction of Meloidogyne enterolobii on guava (Psidium guajava) plants

Nematology ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 721-728 ◽  
Author(s):  
Myrian Tigano ◽  
Karla Fernanda Ayres de Souza Silva ◽  
Irene Martins ◽  
Regina M.D. Gomes Carneiro ◽  
Leopoldo Hidalgo-Díaz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
Biological Control Agent ◽  
Integrated Management ◽  
Pathogenic Fungi ◽  
Psidium Guajava ◽  
Control Agent ◽  
Root Knot Nematode ◽  
Plastic Bags ◽  
Meloidogyne Enterolobii ◽  
Meloidogyne Spp

AbstractThe root-knot nematode, Meloidogyne enterolobii, is a major disease of guava, Psidium guajava, in Brazil and other countries. Egg-pathogenic fungi are considered potential biological control agents of root-knot nematodes and are associated with suppression of Meloidogyne spp. Glasshouse experiments were conducted in order to evaluate the effect of the fungi Paecilomyces lilacinus and Pochonia chlamydosporia on a population of M. enterolobii growing on guava plants. Guava seedlings of about 15-20 cm growing in plastic bags were inoculated with 10 000 eggs of M. enterolobii plant−1. Two months later, three isolates of P. lilacinus and one isolate of P. chlamydosporia were inoculated in the infested plants. The effect of the treatments was evaluated 6 months later. Although plant infection by nematodes was not attenuated, the number of eggs (g roots)−1 fell significantly. The number of egg masses infected with the fungi was inversely correlated with the number of eggs found in the roots. The most effective result (61.5% of control) was obtained with the isolate CG1003 of P. chlamydoporia, which was originally isolated from eggs of M. enterolobii in Brazil, followed by P. lilacinus (CG959 and CG1038) with about 40% of control. These fungi showed the ability to colonise healthy guava roots in glasshouse experiments. These results suggest that P. chlamydosporia can be selected as a potential biological control agent to be employed with other strategies in integrated management to control M. enterolobii on guava.

scholarly journals LEVANTAMENTO DA DISPERSÃO E VARIABILIDADE GENÉTICA DE Tectococcus ovatus (HETEROPTERA: ERIOCOCCIDAE) NAS REGIÕES DE OCORRÊNCIA NATURAL DE Psidium cattleianum (MYRTACEAE)

FLORESTA ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 43 (2) ◽  
pp. 289
Author(s):  
Luciene Erica Cordeiro Ranuci ◽  
Josiane de Carvalho Vitorino ◽  
Tracy Johnson ◽  
Marcelo Diniz Vitorino
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Rio De Janeiro ◽  
Biological Control Agent ◽  
Rio Grande ◽  
Control Agent ◽  
Rio Grande Do Sul ◽  
Santa Catarina ◽  
Psidium Cattleianum ◽  
Different Populations

 A espécie Psidium cattleianum é considerada uma das maiores ameaças ao ecossistema e à biodiversidade nas ilhas do Havaí. Buscando controlar sua disseminação, adotaram-se técnicas de controle biológico. Dentre as várias espécies estudadas como agente de controle, Tectococcus ovatus (Heteroptera: Eriococcidae) apresentou o maior nível de especificidade. Este trabalho teve como objetivo verificar a existência de variabilidade genética entre e dentro das diferentes populações de Tectococcus ovatus amostradas, utilizando a técnica de PCR-RAPD. As análises foram realizadas a partir de fêmeas coletadas nos estados do Rio de Janeiro, Paraná, Santa Catarina e Rio Grande do Sul. Dos oito iniciadores de PCR-RAPD testados, quatro foram utilizados nas análises, revelando marcadores monomórficos e polimórficos com uma freqüência variável, tanto para os indivíduos de uma mesma localidade quanto para os indivíduos de localidades diferentes. Através da análise de agrupamento de caracterização molecular, foi possível verificar a formação de dois grupos distintos, A e B, apresentando uma variabilidade genética de 44%. Os resultados obtidos através da análise dos marcadores RAPD foram úteis na verificação de variação e forneceram informações sobre os níveis de variabilidade e similaridade entre e dentro das diferentes populações de Tectococcus ovatus.Palavras-chave:  Controle biológico; variabilidade genética; PCR-RAPD. AbstractSurvey of dispersal and genetic variability of Tectococcus ovatus (Heteroptera: Eriococcidae) in the regions of natural occurence of Psidium cattleianum (Myrtaceae). The species Psidium cattleianum is considered one of the greatest threats to the ecosystem and biodiversity of the islands from Hawaii. Seeking to control its dissemination, techniques of biological control were used. Among the various species studied, as a biological control agent, Tectococcus ovatus showed a higher level of specificity. This work had as its aim to verify the existence of genetic variability among and inside different populations of Tectococcus ovatus sampled, using the technique of PCR-RAPD. The analyses were made from females collected in the states of Rio de Janeiro, Paraná, Santa Catarina and Rio Grande do Sul. From the eight initiators of PCR-RAPD tested, four were used in the analyses, revealing monomorphic and polimorphic markers with a variable frequency, to the individuals of one place as well as to the individuals of different places. Through the analysis of the grouping of molecular characterization it was possible to verify a formation of two distinctive groups A and B, presenting a genetic variability of 44%. The results obtained through the analysis of RAPD markers were useful to variation verification and provided safe information about the levels of variability and similarity amongst and inside the different populations of Tectococcus ovatus.Keywords:  Biological control; genetic variability; PCR-RAPD.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Puccinia abrupta var. partheniicola and its impact on Parthenium hysterophorus in Kathmandu Valley, Nepal

2020 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Seerjana Maharjan ◽  
Anjana Devkota ◽  
Bharat Babu Shrestha ◽  
Chitra Bahadur Baniya ◽  
Muniappan Rangaswamy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
Biological Control Agent ◽  
Integrated Management ◽  
Control Agent ◽  
Kathmandu Valley ◽  
Biological Control Agents ◽  
Invasive Weed ◽  
Roadside Survey ◽  
Seed Output ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background Partheniumhysterophorus is a noxious invasive weed in tropical and subtropical regions of the world, including Nepal. Among 11 species of biological control agents released to control P. hysterophorus in Ausrtalia, winter rust Puccina abrupta var. partheniicola arrived fortuitously and has established in Kathmandu Valley, Nepal, nearly a decade back. However, the prevalence and effectiveness of this rust as a biological control agent in Kathmandu remain unknown. To address this knowledge gap, a roadside survey was done at an interval of 2 ± 0.25 km in Kathmandu Valley to assess the P. abrupta var. partheniicola incidence and its impacts on P. hysterophorus. Infested individuals of P. hysterophorus were further divided into four severity classes (very low, low, medium, and high), and rust incidence was calculated. The impact of the winter rust on the growth of P. hysterophorus was assessed by comparing biomass and seed output of infested and non-infested individuals. Results Among 81 locations where P. hysterophorus was present in the Kathmandu Valley, winter rust infestation was observed at 98% locations. At some locations within Kathmandu Valley such as Tinkune, Kirtipur, Chabahil, Buddha Chowk, and Dhobighat, the impacts of the rust on P. hysterophorus were medium to high. Aboveground biomass and seed output of P. hysterophorus were reduced by 47% and 73%, respectively, due to winter rust infestation. The study indicates that winter rust incidence is widespread in Kathmandu Valley with very low to high levels of damages to P. hysterophorus depending on the localities. Conclusion The rust has, therefore, a potential to reduce the growth performance of P. hysterophorus, and it can be used as a component of integrated management of P. hysterophorus by introducing to other suitable areas in Nepal.

scholarly journals Dispersal of Dactylopius opuntiae Cockerell (Homoptera: Dactylopiidae), a biological control agent of Opuntia stricta (Haworth.) Haworth. (Cactaceae) in the Kruger National Park

Koedoe ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 43 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
L.C. Foxcroft ◽  
J.H. Hoffmann
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
National Park ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Biological Control Agent ◽  
Integrated Management ◽  
Release Site ◽  
Management Plan ◽  
Control Agent ◽  
Kruger National Park ◽  
Control Mechanisms

Chemical control efforts, the introduction of Cactoblastis cactorum and attempted releases of Dactylopius opuntiae Cockerell into the expanding infestation of Opuntia stricta in the Skukuza region of the Kruger National Park (KNP) have had limited suc- cess in preventing the spread and densification of 0. stricta. To boost the biological control component, a new strain of D. opuntiae was introduced into KNP during 1997. The new strain established readily and has destroyed large clumps of plants in the vicin- ity of the release site. A large-scale redistribution programme with D. opuntiae is now needed to exploit this biological control agent to the full. In order to match the frequency of manual releases with the natural rates of spread of the insects, surveys were conducted under field conditions to determine the dispersal abilities ofD. opuntiae, with regard to rate and direction of movement. Dispersal of D. opuntiae was found to be slow and restricted and that the insects need to be redistributed by placing them onto plants at approximately 10 m intervals to ensure that they become quickly and evenly distributed on the weed. This information will be crucial in the revision of the integrated management plan for 0. stricta in the KNP, in integrating the cochineal and other control mechanisms.

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