Characterization and classification of two soils derived from basic rocks in Pernambuco State Coast, Northeast Brazil

Geomorphic surfaces that present soils derived from basic rocks under warm and humid climate are unique scenarios for studying tropical soils. This paper aimed to characterize and classify two pedons derived from basalt at the Atlantic Forest Zone, Pernambuco State, Northeastern coast of Brazil. Two representative pedons (P1 and P2) were selected on a hillslope at the Cabo de Santo Agostinho municipality. Field macromorphological descriptions were carried out and soil horizon were sampled for physical, chemical, mineralogical and micromorphological characterization. The soils were classified, according to the Brazilian System of Soil Classification (and US Soil Taxonomy) as: "Latossolo Vermelho-Amarelo distroférrico argissólico" (Typic Hapludox) (P1) and "Nitossolo Vermelho distroférrico típico" (Rhodic Paleudult) (P2). Pedon 1 differs from Pedon 2 in some aspects. For instance, P1 presents more yellowish colors, absence of clay illuviation, more friable consistence and the prismatic structure undergoes transformation to angular and subangular blocks. Pedon 2 presents ferri-argilans and leptocutans which indicate that vertical and lateral illuviation of clay is an active process in their formation. These chemically poor and mineralogically uniform soils are a result of the high temperature and rainfall of the studied area.

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Cross-Reference System for Translating Between Genetic Soil Classification of China and Soil Taxonomy

Soil Science Society of America Journal ◽

10.2136/sssaj2004.0318 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 70 (1) ◽

pp. 78-83 ◽

Cited By ~ 114

Author(s):

X. Z. Shi ◽

D. S. Yu ◽

E. D. Warner ◽

W. X. Sun ◽

G. W. Petersen ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Reference System ◽

Soil Classification ◽

Soil Taxonomy ◽

Cross Reference

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Numerical examination of a field classification of some red, yellow and grey earth profiles

Soil Research ◽

10.1071/sr9830343 ◽

1983 ◽

Vol 21 (4) ◽

pp. 343 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

RJ Coventry ◽

WT Williams

Keyword(s):

Three Dimensional ◽

Soil Classification ◽

Sampling Interval ◽

Soil Horizon ◽

Striking Difference ◽

Numerical Classification ◽

Soil Attributes ◽

Additional Information ◽

Positive Attribute

Numerical methods have been used to examine an existing and accepted field classification of 48 profiles of red, yellow, and grey earths (mainly Alfisols) from central north Queensland. The three-dimensional soils data (sites by depths by descriptors, which may be mixed in type) were converted to a form which appeared to the computer as a two-dimensional set of profiles by attributes. The soils data were from independent depth intervals, and no assumptions were made about the inter-relationships among soil layers tvithin a profile; nor were the values of any of the soil attributes weighted. In order to consider shallow profiles on the same total depth basis as the deep profiles, the absence of a soil horizon or sampling interval at depth has been regarded as a positive attribute in the numerical classification. Comparison of the traditional field classification and a numerical classification of the same soils dataset showed that certain soil attributes played an important role in both classifications. The most striking difference between them was the relative importance of soil colour attributes, from which it might be argued that field pedologists have assigned to colour a weight out of proportion to its real importance in soil classification. However, this attribute carries additional information about the mineral constituents and hydrological regimes of the soils, and represents information known to, and used by, the field pedologist but not revealed to the computer. The essential subjectivity in the choice of attributes for soil classification is demonstrated.

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Reference benchmarks relating to great groups of genetic soil classification of China with soil taxonomy

Chinese Science Bulletin ◽

10.1360/03wd0476 ◽

2004 ◽

Vol 49 (14) ◽

pp. 1507 ◽

Cited By ~ 24

Author(s):

Xuezheng SHI

Keyword(s):

Soil Classification ◽

Soil Taxonomy

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Effects of agriculture on the classification of Black soils in the Midwestern United States

Canadian Journal of Soil Science ◽

10.4141/cjss2010-018 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 92 (3) ◽

pp. 403-411 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

Jessica J. Veenstra ◽

C. Lee Burras

Keyword(s):

United States ◽

Agricultural Land ◽

Laboratory Data ◽

Soil Classification ◽

Current Data ◽

Soil Survey ◽

Soil Taxonomy ◽

Midwestern United States ◽

Reference Base

Veenstra, J. J. and Burras, C. L. 2012. Effects of agriculture on the classification of Black soils in the Midwestern United States. Can. J. Soil Sci. 92: 403–411. Soil surveys are generally treated as static documents. Many soil survey users assume that pedon data generated 30 to 50 yr ago still represents today's soil, as short-term changes in soil properties are perceived to be limited to the soil surface and thus pedologically insignificant. In this study, we re-sampled and re-analyzed 82 pedons with historical descriptions and laboratory data in Iowa, United States, to evaluate changes in soil profile properties and taxonomic classification after approximately 50 yr of agricultural land use. Using historical and current data, we classified sampled pedons using Canadian Soil Taxonomy, US Soil Taxonomy and the Food and Agriculture Association World Reference Base (FAO-WRB). Our results show that soil characteristics have changed significantly enough to change the classification. In each taxonomic system, the classification of 60% or more of the sampled pedons differed from the original. Classification of 15 to 32% of the sampled pedons changed at the Order (or equivalent) level with 11 to 33% of the pedons originally classified as Black soils – Mollisols, Chernozems or Phaeozems – no longer classified as Black soils. The change in soil classification over such a short-time period challenges the validity and usefulness of treating existing soil maps as static documents as well as traditional soil classification hierarchies.

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Mapping and classification of a 100 hectare land at uzanu community, Edo state, Nigeria.

10.36265/colsssn.2020.4405 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 31-39

Author(s):

Lucky Agbogun ◽

Umweni A.S. ◽

Kadiri O.H ◽

Faith Okunsebor

Keyword(s):

Soil Classification ◽

Research Area ◽

Soil Samples ◽

Soil Survey ◽

Survey Method ◽

Soil Taxonomy ◽

Mapping Unit ◽

Mapping Process ◽

Edo State

This study was carried out at Uzanu Community in Etsako East Local Government Area of Edo State to identify some of the major soils of the project area, through a soil mapping process. The methodology involved mapping of the soils of a 100 hectare land using the rigid grid soil survey method at a detailed scale. Four mapping units were delineated from the ten transects of 100 m apart and 100 m interval examination points along transects which gave a total of 84 auger points. Four representative pedons were sunk, described and sampled. Soil samples were analyzed using standard methods. Soils were classified according to USDA soil taxonomy System of Soil Classification. Series classification was locally defined using guidelines provided by Smyth and Montgomery. The results showed that Pedon 1 representing a mapping unit with area coverage of 14.2 hectares or 14.2 % of the entire research area was classified as Loamy Isohyperthermic Typic Plinthudult and locally as Origo series. The soils of mapping unit two, covering an area of 13.2 hectares or 13.2 % were classified as Loamy Isohyperthermic Ruptic-Ultic-Dystrudept and locally as Origo series. Pedon three soils, covering an area of 38 hectares or 38 % were classified as Loamy Isohyperthermic Typic Plinthudult and locally as Origo series while the soils of mapping unit four represented by pedon four, covering an area of 34.7 hectares or 34.7 % were classified as Coarse Loamy Isohyperthermic Ruptic-Ultic-Dystrudept and locally as Ekiti series.

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Properties and classification of heavily eroded post-chernozem soils in Proszowice Plateau (southern Poland)

Soil Science Annual ◽

10.2478/ssa-2019-0020 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 70 (3) ◽

pp. 225-233

Author(s):

Marek Drewnik ◽

Marcin Żyła

Keyword(s):

Soil Classification ◽

Parent Material ◽

Carbonate Content ◽

Soil Taxonomy ◽

High Productivity ◽

Erosion Processes ◽

Chernozem Soils ◽

Material Texture ◽

Strong Erosion

Abstract The morphology and properties of heavily eroded soils found in chernozems in the upland landscape of the Proszowice Plateau (southern part of Poland) was presented. The issue of classification of these soils was also discussed. Taking into account the terrain context, it should have been assumed that these soils were formed as a result of strong erosion (truncation) of chernozems. These (post-chernozem) soils were relatively young, in which only the development of humus horizon can be documented. However, the accumulation of humus was hampered by constantly intense erosion processes. Evidence of the occurrence of the illuviation process as well as formation of cambic horizon is not visible macroscopically and microscopically. These soils are often classified as weakly developed soils though despite the poor development of the soil profile, they are characterized by potentially high productivity, which results both from the properties of their parent material (texture, porosity) and from their youthfulness (carbonate content both in fine earths and in nodules, high pH in whole profile). Therefore, the name proposed in Polish Soil Classification, 6th edition (‘pararędzina’) seems to be justified. These soils would be classified as Entisols according to USDA Soil Taxonomy and as Regosols according to WRB.

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Multiple Geotechnological Tools Applied to Digital Mapping of Tropical Soils

Revista Brasileira de Ciência do Solo ◽

10.1590/01000683rbcs20140410 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 39 (5) ◽

pp. 1261-1274 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Marcelo Rodrigo Alves ◽

José A. M. Demattê ◽

Pedro Paulo Silva Barros

Keyword(s):

Soil Classification ◽

Tropical Soils ◽

Proximal Sensing ◽

Spectral Curves ◽

Digital Terrain ◽

Level 3 ◽

Physical Attributes ◽

The One ◽

Terrain Elevation

ABSTRACT In recent years, geotechnologies as remote and proximal sensing and attributes derived from digital terrain elevation models indicated to be very useful for the description of soil variability. However, these information sources are rarely used together. Therefore, a methodology for assessing and specialize soil classes using the information obtained from remote/proximal sensing, GIS and technical knowledge has been applied and evaluated. Two areas of study, in the State of São Paulo, Brazil, totaling approximately 28.000 ha were used for this work. First, in an area (area 1), conventional pedological mapping was done and from the soil classes found patterns were obtained with the following information: a) spectral information (forms of features and absorption intensity of spectral curves with 350 wavelengths -2,500 nm) of soil samples collected at specific points in the area (according to each soil type); b) obtaining equations for determining chemical and physical properties of the soil from the relationship between the results obtained in the laboratory by the conventional method, the levels of chemical and physical attributes with the spectral data; c) supervised classification of Landsat TM 5 images, in order to detect changes in the size of the soil particles (soil texture); d) relationship between classes relief soils and attributes. Subsequently, the obtained patterns were applied in area 2 obtain pedological classification of soils, but in GIS (ArcGIS). Finally, we developed a conventional pedological mapping in area 2 to which was compared with a digital map, ie the one obtained only with pre certain standards. The proposed methodology had a 79 % accuracy in the first categorical level of Soil Classification System, 60 % accuracy in the second category level and became less useful in the categorical level 3 (37 % accuracy).

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A WebGIS system for relating genetic soil classification of China to soil taxonomy

Computers & Geosciences ◽

10.1016/j.cageo.2009.10.005 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 36 (6) ◽

pp. 768-775 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

Xuezheng Shi ◽

Guoxiang Yang ◽

Dongsheng Yu ◽

Shengxiang Xu ◽

Eric D. Warner ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Soil Classification ◽

Soil Taxonomy

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Grey forest soils in the different classification systems

Visnyk of the Lviv University. Series Geography ◽

10.30970/vgg.2017.51.8851 ◽

2017 ◽

pp. 120-134

Author(s):

Halyna Ivanyuk

Keyword(s):

Forest Soils ◽

Soil Classification ◽

Classification Systems ◽

Soil Taxonomy ◽

Podzolic Soils ◽

Urgent Task ◽

The World ◽

History Of ◽

Diagnostic Horizons

According to various data, the area of grey forest soils in the world is 94–120.2 million ha, in Ukraine – 4.7–5.5 million ha (about 9 % of the country’s territory). The diversity of conditions for the formation of these soils, discussions about their genesis are the causes of different approaches to the classification of grey forest soils. The history of the classification of grey forest soils is analysed; the most common variants of their classification in Ukraine are presented. Seeking to find approximate equivalents, an attempt to find grey forest soils in the classification systems of different countries (Russia, Moldova, Bulgaria, Romania, Czech Republic, Poland, USA, Canada), as well as in the legend of the FAO-UNESCO map and the WRB has been made. To establish exact analogues of soils practically it is impossible due to different principles of classification’s construction. Modern soil classifications of different countries are as close as possible to WRB and “Soil Taxonomy”. The following names of grey forest soils are identified as the most grounded: light grey forest, grey forest and dark grey podzolic. The following equivalents of the WRB nomenclature (2014) for sub-types of grey forest soils are offered: light grey forest – Albic Luvisols, grey forest – Haplic Luvisols, dark grey podzolic – Luvic Greyzemic Phaeozems. To the names of analogues of these soils with gleyic properties, the qualifier “Gleyic” should be added before the name of the reference soil group. The urgent task for soil scientists of Ukraine is to create a new soil classification that would preserve the acquisitions of genetic soil science but took into account the world trends: the allocation of diagnostic horizons and features that have clearly defined quantitative boundaries. In the new classification, it is proposed to combine the light grey and grey forest soils by a separate group, dark grey podzolic soils to be grouped together in a group with podzolic chernozems. The need for such selection is confirmed by the study of the dark grey soils position in different classification systems of the world, most of which these soils are in the chernozemic type group (Mollisols, Phaeozems and Chernozems). Key words: classification, grey forest soils, Greyzems, Luvisols, Mollisols, Phaeozems.

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