scholarly journals In vitro sensivity of fig plantlets to gamma rays

2009 ◽  
Vol 66 (4) ◽  
pp. 540-542 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ester Alice Ferreira ◽  
Moacir Pasqual ◽  
Augusto Tulmann Neto
Keyword(s):  
Gamma Rays ◽  
Aerial Part ◽  
Culture Medium ◽  
Root Formation ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Growth Room ◽  
Bud Position ◽  
Natural Pollination

Fig breeding programs through conventional methods are rare in many countries, e.g. Brazil, since the wasp Blastophaga psenes, which is responsible for the natural pollination, is not present. For these cases a low cost alternative for the breeding program is the induction of physical mutagenesis by radiation. The sensivity of fig explant buds of different sizes to gamma radiation were evaluated. Fig plantlets "Roxo de Valinhos" already established in vitro were classified by size in 2.5 to 4.5 cm, 5 to 9 7 cm and 8 to 10 cm long, and irradiated with: 10, 20, 30, 40 and 50 Gy doses. After irradiation each plantlet was cut in pieces containing one-bud and transferred to WPM culture medium, according to the bud position: medium and apical. Explants were grown in a growth room for 90 days when, explant mortality, root formation, height of aerial part, number of buds and plantlet weight were evaluated. Doses of up to 50 Gy do not cause plantlet death and that doses larger than 30 Gy inhibit root formation. Therefore, the 30 Gy dose may be recommended for the irradiation of fig plantlets larger than 2.5 cm.

scholarly journals Types and concentrations of cytokinins in the micropropagation of Anthurium maricense

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 117
Author(s):  
Cecília Moreira Serafim ◽  
Arlene Santisteban Campos ◽  
Priscila Bezerra Dos Santos Melo ◽  
Ana Cecília Ribeiro de Castro ◽  
Ana Cristina Portugal Pinto de Carvalho
Keyword(s):  
Light Intensity ◽  
Culture Medium ◽  
Culture Media ◽  
In Vitro Regeneration ◽  
Nodal Segments ◽  
Nodal Segment ◽  
Viable Option ◽  
Growth Room ◽  
In Vitro Induction

Faced with the demand for plants potted for their foliage, Anthurium maricense is seen as a viable option. However, most of the studies on obtaining micropropagated plantlets are for A. andraeanum, with nothing yet reported for A. maricense. The aim of this study therefore, was to evaluate the effect of four cytokinins in different concentrations, on the in vitro induction of shoots from nodal segments of A. maricense. The experimental design was completely randomised in a 4 x 4 factorial scheme, with four cytokinins (BAP, ZEA, CIN and 2iP) and 4 concentrations (0, 2.22, 4.44 and 6.66 μM), for a total of 16 treatments, with 6 replications of five test tubes, and using one nodal segment. Cultures were kept in a growth room at 25 ± 2°C, a photoperiod of 16 h and a light intensity of 30 μmolm-2 s-1 for 60 days. After this period, the number of shoots formed per node was evaluated. The addition of a cytokinin to the culture medium was determinant for the in vitro regeneration of shoots in A. maricense. The greatest estimated number of shoot formations in A. maricense were obtained in the culture media containing ZEA (3.87) and BAP (3.30), both at concentration of 6.66 μM.

scholarly journals Multiplicação de bastão-do-imperador em resposta a concentrações de BAP e número de subcultivos

2016 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 88
Author(s):  
Eder De Oliveira Santos ◽  
Antonio Anderson De Jesus Rodrigues ◽  
Esdras Rocha da Silva ◽  
Ana Cristina Portugal Pinto de Carvalho
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Design ◽  
Light Intensity ◽  
Analysis Of Variance ◽  
Culture Medium ◽  
Multiplication Rate ◽  
Commercial Cultivation ◽  
Growth Room ◽  
Tropical Flowers ◽  
Etlingera Elatior

The large ornamental potential of tropical flowers has stimulated the commercial cultivation of various species. Micropropagation is a viable alternate method of propagation, since it enables obtaining a higher number of seedlings with uniformity and pathogens free. The objective was to evaluate the in vitro multiplication rate of Etlingera elatior cv. Porcelana, using explants obtained from in vitro established seedling shoots, obtained from the 2nd subcultive. The explants were inoculated in MS culture medium containing different concentrations of BAP (0.0; 2.22; 4.44; 6.66; 8.88; and 11,10 μM), and the cultures maintained in a growth room with temperature 25.0 ± 2.0 °C under a photoperiod of 12 hours of light and light intensity of 30 μmol.m-2 s-1. The multiplication rate was monthly, according to the four subcultives, totaling 120 days. The experimental design was completely randomized, with four replications, analyzed in a factorial 4 x 6. The data were submitted to analysis of variance and regression. There were significant differences in subcultives and made for BAP concentrations used. For the first subcultive, the concentration of 2.22 μM of BAP afforded a rate of 4.06 sprouts per explant, already in the second and fourth subcultives, with the addition of cytokinin concentration was increased amount of sprouts reaching at a rate of 4.05 and 4.96 shoots/explant in the highest concentration of BAP. The results of the treatments evaluated indicate that the presence of BAP favored sprout emission. The concentrations of 2.22, 8.88 and 11.10 μM this cytokinin promoted the highest multiplication rates in the first, second and fourth subcultives, respectively.

scholarly journals Does soaking time during disinfestation affect germination rates in Dendrobium?

2020 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jose Carlos Sorgato ◽  
Jackeline Schultz Soares ◽  
Silvana de Paula Quintão Scalon ◽  
Suzana Targanski Sajovic Pereira ◽  
Débora De Freitas Brotto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Culture Medium ◽  
Culture Media ◽  
Germination Rate ◽  
Sodium Hypochlorite Solution ◽  
In Vitro Germination ◽  
Soaking Time ◽  
Growth Room ◽  
Aseptic Conditions ◽  
Species Specific

Asymbiotic germination is considered an efficient and viable technique that can increase germination rates. The effect of type and concentration of disinfestants, and the exposure time to disinfestants may differ according to the plant species. Therefore, species-specific standardization of disinfestation agent and procedure is necessary to achieve optimal germination rates. The objective of this study was to determine a disinfestation methodology to increase in vitro germination rates and the early development of seedlings of Dendrobium nobile and Dendrobium phalaenopsis, using different times for seed disinfestation and different culture media. Seeds were disinfected by soaking in a 0.8% sodium hypochlorite solution for 5 or 15 min under aseptic conditions, after which seed suspensions were either washed with water or left unwashed. Next, they were seeded in culture flasks containing four different culture media (MS, ½MS, K, and VW). The flasks were then transferred to a growth room under controlled photoperiod and temperature, where they remained under an irradiance of 20 μmol m-2 s-1. Germination rates of the species were evaluated 45 days after placement in the culture flasks. A higher germination rate was observed when the seeds were triple washed, regardless of the culture medium or soaking time. Seed soaking disinfestation for 5 min is also recommended. MS and ½MS media were the most effective culture media in promoting in vitro germination of the species under study.  

scholarly journals Easy and efficient chemical sterilization of the culture medium for in vitro growth of gerbera using chlorine dioxide (ClO2)

2018 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 218-224 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean Carlos Cardoso ◽  
Ana Carolina Petit Inthurn
Keyword(s):  
Chlorine Dioxide ◽  
Aerial Part ◽  
Microbial Contamination ◽  
Culture Medium ◽  
In Vitro Cultivation ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
In Vitro Shoots ◽  
Chemical Sterilization ◽  
Number Of Leaves

Micropropagation techniques changed the production of clonal plantlets in the world. However, the high costs of micropropagated plantlets continue as the main constraint for the expansion of the technique. This paper aimed to test the use of the chemical sterilization of culture medium using chlorine dioxide (ClO2) for in vitro cultivation of gerbera. There was used gerbera in vitro shoots in the stage of rooting for these experiments, using 0.0035%, 0.0070% and 0.0105% of chlorine dioxide in the culture medium. Also, peracetic acid was tested previously for sterilization, but resulted in microbial contamination. Chemical sterilization of the culture medium was successfully using ClO2 at 0.0035% to 0.0105% (100% decontamination) at rooting and elongation stage of gerbera with production of plantlets with similar (number of leaves, total and root fresh weight) or higher quality (mainly aerial part) at rooting/elongation stage, compared with autoclaved culture medium. The increase of concentration of ClO2 also resulted in increasing of height and fresh weight of aerial part of gerberas. The ClO2 could replace the autoclaving with production of sterilized culture medium without phytotoxic problems to gerbera in vitro cultivation.

scholarly journals Micropropagation protocol for the wild Brazilian greenberry (Rubus erythroclados)

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 405-415
Author(s):  
Paulo Mauricio Centenaro Bueno ◽  
Luiz Antonio Biasi ◽  
Mauro Brasil Dias Tofanelli
Keyword(s):  
Culture Medium ◽  
Shoot Proliferation ◽  
Ex Vitro Rooting ◽  
Ms Medium ◽  
Ex Vitro ◽  
Indolebutyric Acid ◽  
Simple Protocol ◽  
Growth Room ◽  
In Vitro Shoot Proliferation

This study presents the first micropropagation protocol for greenberry (Rubus erythroclados), a wild Brazilian species with edible green fruits. In the in vitro multiplication stage, three concentrations of benzyladenine (BA) were tested (0, 5 and 10 μM), combined with three concentrations of indolebutyric acid (IBA) (0, 3 and 6 μM) in two subsequent subcultures. In the rooting stage, in and ex vitro rooting were compared after pulse treatment of the microcutting for 10 seconds in IBA (0, 2.46, 4.92 and 7.38 mM). For the in vitro trial, the microcuttings were maintained in glass bottles with an MS medium under controlled conditions inside a growth room. For the ex vitro trial, the microcuttings were planted in styrofoam containers with vermiculite and maintained inside a greenhouse with an intermittent mist system. R. erythroclados multiplication was obtained with the addition of BA to the culture medium, while IBA reduced the shoot proliferation and increased mortality. The ex vitro rooting showed the best results, reaching 95.8% for rooted and acclimatizated plants without IBA. An efficient and simple protocol can be used for R. erythroclados micropropagation with 5 μM BA for in vitro shoot proliferation and ex vitro rooting of microcuttings with intermittent misting.

scholarly journals Modified Medium to Improve Somatic Tissue to be Used in Callogenesis

HortScience ◽  
1995 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 872C-872
Author(s):  
G.R. de L. Fortes ◽  
A.M. R. Vieira ◽  
D.L. Leite
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Culture ◽  
Somaclonal Variation ◽  
Activated Charcoal ◽  
Leaf Development ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Culture Medium ◽  
Somatic Tissue ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Bud Formation

Somaclonal variation has been one way to create variants that could be used in the breeding programs. However, initial explants may not be useful if they show small leaves or nondeveloped stems. The aim of this work was to find a tissue culture medium so that potato shoots cultured in vitro could regenerate somatic material for use in trials aimed at somaclonal variation. Shoots of `Baronesa' and `Monte Bonito' were inoculated in media with or without activated charcoal (3.0 g–liter–1), BAP (1.0 g–liter–1), and different MS salt concentrations (50%, 75%, and 100%). After 30 days in controlled conditions (25C, 16-h photoperiod, and 2000 lux), BAP with activated charcoal improved the percentage of dry matter, and at higher MS salt concentrations, a better response was achieved for `Monte Bonito'. However, the presence of activated charcoal improved leaf development and stimulated higher shoot and bud formation, especially for `Monte Bonito'. This somatic material can be used to initiate callogenesis trials successfully.

scholarly journals Comparison between two culture media for in vitro evaluation of antifungal susceptibility of the Sporothrix schenckii complex

2012 ◽  
Vol 87 (4) ◽  
pp. 561-565 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cheila Denise Ottonelli Stopiglia ◽  
Daiane Péres Marchese ◽  
Daiane Heidrich ◽  
Julia Medeiros Sorrentino ◽  
Fabiane Jamono Vieira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amphotericin B ◽  
Culture Medium ◽  
Culture Media ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Antifungal Susceptibility ◽  
Sporothrix Schenckii ◽  
Roswell Park Memorial Institute ◽  
Broth Culture ◽  
In Vitro Evaluation

BACKGROUND: The standard methodology for determining the antifungal sensitivity against the Sporothrix schenckii complex recommends the use of the 1640 Roswell Park Memorial Institute culture medium (RPMI) buffered with morpholinepropanolsulfonic acid (MOPS). However, while this is a high-cost medium which requires a laborious implementation and sterilization by filtration, the Sabouraud dextrose broth is a low-cost medium, widely used in mycology, sterilized by autoclave. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the performance of the Sabouraud dextrose broth culture medium as a substitute for the RPMI 1640-MOPS in determining the antifungal sensitivity of S. schenckii. METHODS: Forty-eight clinical isolates were evaluated against five antifungal agents: itraconazole, ketoconazole, fluconazole, amphotericin B and terbinafine, using the method of broth microdilution advocated by the M38-A2 protocol of the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute. RESULTS: There were no significant differences between the Minimum Inhibitory Concentrations obtained in the two culture media for all the antifungals, with the exception of the amphotericin B. Regarding this drug, the Minimum Inhibitory Concentration range obtained were wider for the Sabouraud dextrose broth than for the Roswell Park Memorial Institute morpholinepropanelsulfonic acid. CONCLUSIONS: The Sabouraud dextrose broth showed potential to be used in the in vitro evaluation of the S. schenckii complex antifungal activity.

scholarly journals Cattleya walkeriana growth in different micropropagation systems

2013 ◽  
Vol 43 (10) ◽  
pp. 1804-1810 ◽  
Author(s):  
André Luís Moreira ◽  
Adriano Bortolotti da Silva ◽  
Aline Santos ◽  
Caroline Oliveira dos Reis ◽  
Paulo Roberto Correa Landgraf
Keyword(s):  
Aerial Part ◽  
Natural Ventilation ◽  
Culture Medium ◽  
Culture Liquid ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Culture Vessel ◽  
Temporary Immersion Bioreactor ◽  
Temporary Immersion ◽  
Conventional Systems

The aim of the present research was to verify the in vitro growth of orchids in different systems of micropropagation, being cultivated in a bioreactor, with natural ventilation and conventional systems. Cattleya walkeriana plants were obtained from the germination of seeds in culture medium. After 8 months, seedlings with 1 cm of length were placed in a culture vessel according to the treatments, which counted with two micropropagation systems (conventional and natural ventilation) in three media of culture (liquid, solid with 5 or 6g L-1 of agar). Two additional treatments in bioreactor of temporary and continuous immersion were performed. The design was entirely randomized (ERD), consisting of a 2x3 factorial with two additional treatments, totaling 8 treatments with three repetitions. The temporary immersion bioreactor promoted a bigger growth of the aerial part and of the root system, bigger accumulation of dry mass and better control of water loss by the plants. The temporary immersion bioreactor is the best micropropagation system for the C. walkeriana growth in vitro.

scholarly journals In vitro response of date palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.) inflorescence explants to high 2iP and 2,4-D concentrations

2020 ◽  
pp. 831-835
Author(s):  
Juliana Martins Ribeiro ◽  
Silvio Lopes Teixeira ◽  
Joselita Cardoso de Souza ◽  
Brenda Lima Ribeiro ◽  
Antônio Bruno Nunes Oliveira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Culture Medium ◽  
Date Palm ◽  
Root Formation ◽  
Phoenix Dactylifera ◽  
Culture Technique ◽  
Phoenix Dactylifera L ◽  
Inflorescence Explants ◽  
In Vitro Response ◽  
Floral Bud

One of the major problems related to the implementation of date palm crops in Brazil is propagation. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the possibility of using tissue culture technique for the in vitro propagation of this species. Hence, the effect of 2iP and 2,4-D on the in vitro response of date palm inflorescence tissues, related to floral bud swelling, callusing, and rhizogenesis, was evaluated. The absence of 2,4-D was more detrimental to the in vitro response of inflorescence bud explants than absence of 2iP. In treatments without addition of 2,4-D to the culture medium, explants did not have swelling, callus or root formation. The treatment containing 150 mg/L 2,4-D in the presence of 1.5 mg/L 2iP initiated explant swelling, and treatments with either 100 mg/L or 150 mg/L 2,4-D, combined with 3.0 mg/L 2iP, were also efficient in stimulating in vitro swelling of inflorescence buds. Rhizogenesis was induced at the highest concentrations of 2,4-D (100 and 150 mg/L), combined with 4.5 mg/L 2iP, and was visually more evident in the treatment containing 150 mg/L 2,4-D + 4.5 mg/L 2iP. These results suggest that even higher concentrations of these two reagents might be efficient in the micropropagation of new existing date palm genotypes in the Submedium São Francisco River Valley.

scholarly journals 'Ponkan' mandarin (Citrus reticulata Blanco) immature fruits storage

2006 ◽  
Vol 30 (5) ◽  
pp. 1017-1020
Author(s):  
Moacir Pasqual ◽  
Leonardo Ferreira Dutra ◽  
Aparecida Gomes de Araujo ◽  
Milene Alves de Figueiredo
Keyword(s):  
Light Intensity ◽  
Activated Charcoal ◽  
Aerial Part ◽  
Sweet Orange ◽  
Citrus Reticulata ◽  
Ms Medium ◽  
Growth Room ◽  
Polyethylene Bags ◽  
Ponkan Mandarin

The aim of this work was to evaluate the effect of 'Ponkan' mandarin (C. reticulata) x 'Pêra' sweet orange (C. sinensis) immature fruits storage and sucrose concentrations on embryos in vitro culture. Fruits with 3 to 4 cm in diameter were harvested and placed inside black polyethylene bags with lateral openings and stored at 5±1ºC during 135 days. Every 15 days a sample was removed, its embryos were excised and individually inoculated in test tubes containing 15 mL of MS medium (Murashige & Skoog, 1962) with sucrose (0, 1.5, 3, 6, 12, 18 and 24 g L-1) and 0.3 mg L-1 GA3 and 1 g L-1 activated charcoal. Those treatments rested 48 hours in the dark and later in a growth room at 27 ± 1ºC with a 16-h photoperiod and 32 µmol m-2 s-1 light intensity. Immature fruits can be stored for posterior excision and embryos culture. Fruits with 120 days after the pollination can be stored for at most 135 days without damaging the embryos viability. It was observed a better development of the aerial part and root system of plantlets from 'Ponkan' mandarin x 'Pêra' sweet orange embryos in MS medium with 12-18 g L-1 sucrose.

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