scholarly journals The phytochemistry and biological aspects of Caryocaraceae family

2013 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 293-308 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Ascari ◽  
J.A. Takahashi ◽  
M.A.D. Boaventura
Keyword(s):  
Biological Activities ◽  
Artemia Salina ◽  
Biological Evaluation ◽  
Phytochemical Study ◽  
Medicinal Uses ◽  
Isolation And Characterization ◽  
Oil Source ◽  
Phytochemical Studies

The Caryocaraceae family is constituted of 25 species distributed in two genera (Caryocar and Anthodiscus). Plants of this family have been used in several phytochemical studies for isolation and characterization of chemical compounds. Some of these studies evaluated in vitro and in vivo biological activities of extracts and pure substances isolated from plants of this family. Nine species of Anthodiscus genus have been described, while no phytochemical study related to them has been reported. On the other hand, Caryocar genus presents 16 species with several medicinal uses like for the treatment of colds and bronchitis, in the prevention of tumours, as a regulating agent of the menstrual flow, to treat ophthalmological problems and for the cure of hematomas and bruises. Some species of this genus were targeted by phytochemical studies and presented, in their composition, the following classes of secondary metabolites: triterpenes, fatty acids, tannins, carotenoids, triterpenic saponins, phenolic coumarins, phenolic glycosides, and others. The fruits of Caryocar species are very nutritive, containing in their composition fibers, proteins, carbohydrates and minerals. Seeds have been widely used as oil source with nutritional and cosmetic value. The biological evaluation of some species was carried out by using relevant biological assays such as: antioxidant, allelopathic and antifungal activities against Biomphalaria glabrata and toxicity on Artemia salina.

Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of Polyfluoroalkylated Antipyrines and their Isomeric O-Methylpyrazoles

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (5) ◽  
pp. 521-536 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natalya Agafonova ◽  
Evgeny Shchegolkov ◽  
Yanina Burgart ◽  
Victor Saloutin ◽  
Alexandra Trefilova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biological Activities ◽  
Biological Evaluation ◽  
Antipyretic Activity ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Analgesic Activities ◽  
Synthesis And Biological Evaluation ◽  
Cox 1

Background: Formally belonging to the non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug class pyrazolones have long been used in medical practices. Objective: Our goal is to synthesize N-methylated 1-aryl-3-polyfluoroalkylpyrazolones as fluorinated analogs of antipyrine, their isomeric O-methylated derivatives resembling celecoxib structure and evaluate biological activities of obtained compounds. Methods: In vitro (permeability) and in vivo (anti-inflammatory and analgesic activities, acute toxicity, hyperalgesia, antipyretic activity, “open field” test) experiments. To suggest the mechanism of biological activity, molecular docking of the synthesized compounds was carried out into the tyrosine site of COX-1/2. Conclusion: The trifluoromethyl antipyrine represents a valuable starting point in design of the lead series for discovery new antipyretic analgesics with anti-inflammatory properties.

scholarly journals Lamium Plants—A Comprehensive Review on Health Benefits and Biological Activities

Molecules ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (10) ◽  
pp. 1913 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bahare Salehi ◽  
Lorene Armstrong ◽  
Antonio Rescigno ◽  
Balakyz Yeskaliyeva ◽  
Gulnaz Seitimova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pain Therapy ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
In Vitro Models ◽  
In Vivo Studies ◽  
Medicinal Uses ◽  
Comprehensive Review ◽  
Cytoprotective Activity

This work is an updated snapshot of Lamium plants and their biological activities. The main features of the plant are described and the components of its essential oils are summarized. The traditional medicinal uses of Lamium plants has been reported. The presence of these chemicals i.e., hydroxycinnamic acids, iridoids, secoiridoids, flavonoids, anthocyanins, phenylpropanoids, phytoecdysteroids, benzoxazinoids, betaine can provide biological activities. After the discussion of antioxidant properties documented for Lamium plants, the biological activities, studied using in vitro models, antimicrobial, antiviral, anti-inflammatory, anti-nociceptive activity, and pain therapy and cytotoxicity and cytoprotective activity are here described and discussed. Finally, targeted examples of in vivo studies are reported.

scholarly journals Design, Synthesis and In-Vitro Biological Evaluation of Antofine and Tylophorine Prodrugs as Hypoxia-Targeted Anticancer Agents

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (11) ◽  
pp. 3327
Author(s):  
Ziad Omran ◽  
Chris P. Guise ◽  
Linwei Chen ◽  
Cyril Rauch ◽  
Ashraf N. Abdalla ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Anticancer Agents ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Biological Evaluation ◽  
High Chemical ◽  
Design Synthesis ◽  
Hypoxic Conditions ◽  
Cancerous Cell

Phenanthroindolizidines, such as antofine and tylophorine, are a family of natural alkaloids isolated from different species of Asclepiadaceas. They are characterized by interesting biological activities, such as pronounced cytotoxicity against different human cancerous cell lines, including multidrug-resistant examples. Nonetheless, these derivatives are associated with severe neurotoxicity and loss of in vivo activity due to the highly lipophilic nature of the alkaloids. Here, we describe the development of highly polar prodrugs of antofine and tylophorine as hypoxia-targeted prodrugs. The developed quaternary ammonium salts of phenanthroindolizidines showed high chemical and metabolic stability and are predicted to have no penetration through the blood–brain barrier. The designed prodrugs displayed decreased cytotoxicity when tested under normoxic conditions. However, their cytotoxic activity considerably increased when tested under hypoxic conditions.

scholarly journals Review of Medicinal uses, Phytochemistry and Biological Activities of Antidesma laciniatum and A. membranaceum -

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 257-263
Author(s):  
Alfred Maroyi
Keyword(s):  
Biological Activities ◽  
Clinical Effectiveness ◽  
Extensive Literature ◽  
Medicinal Uses ◽  
Traditional Medicines ◽  
In Vivo Experiments ◽  
Cytotoxicity Activities ◽  
The University

Antidesma laciniatum and A. membranaceum are small trees used as traditional medicines in tropical Africa. This extensive literature review synthesizes the information currently available on the medicinal uses, phytochemistry and biological activities of A. laciniatum and A. membranaceum. The university library and electronic search engines such as Google Scholar, Scopus, Web of Science, ScienceDirect, and PubMed were searched for pertinent information on the medicinal uses, phytochemistry, and biological activities of A. laciniatum and A. membranaceum. Traditionally, the species have been used as aphrodisiac, and traditional medicine for cough, kwashiorkor, mouth ulcers, pneumonia, prevent miscarriage, snakebites, stomachache and wounds. Various phytochemicals such as essential oils, isoflavonoid glycosides, phytosterols, benzopyranones, lignin glucosides, megastigmane, phenolics, steroids, squalene, terpenoids, triterpenoids, and tetrahydroisoquinoline alkaloids have been isolated from A. laciniatum and A. membranaceum. In vitro studies have confirmed the biological activities of A. laciniatum and A. membranaceum which, include antimicrobial, antioxidant, antiplasmodial, antitrypanosomal, leishmanicidal, molluscicidal and cytotoxicity activities. More pharmacological studies including phytochemical, toxicological, in vitro and in vivo experiments are needed to provide evidence for the clinical effectiveness of remedies prepared from the species.

scholarly journals Phytochemicals and Medicinal Properties of Indigenous Tropical Fruits with Potential for Commercial Development

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hock Eng Khoo ◽  
Azrina Azlan ◽  
Kin Weng Kong ◽  
Amin Ismail
Keyword(s):  
Biological Activities ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Limited Information ◽  
Tropical Fruits ◽  
Commercial Development ◽  
Medicinal Uses ◽  
Developmental Potential ◽  
Medicinal Properties

Hundreds of fruit-bearing trees are native to Southeast Asia, but many of them are considered as indigenous or underutilized. These species can be categorized as indigenous tropical fruits with potential for commercial development and those possible for commercial development. Many of these fruits are considered as underutilized unless the commercialization is being realized despite the fact that they have the developmental potential. This review discusses seven indigenous tropical fruits from 15 species that have been identified, in which their fruits are having potential for commercial development. As they are not as popular as the commercially available fruits, limited information is found. This paper is the first initiative to provide information on the phytochemicals and potential medicinal uses of these fruits. Phytochemicals detected in these fruits are mainly the phenolic compounds, carotenoids, and other terpenoids. Most of these phytochemicals are potent antioxidants and have corresponded to the free radical scavenging activities and other biological activities of the fruits. The scientific research that covered a broad range ofin vitrotoin vivostudies on the medicinal potentials of these fruits is also discussed in detail. The current review is an update for researchers to have a better understanding of the species, which simultaneously can provide awareness to enhance their commercial value and promote their utilization for better biodiversity conservation.

scholarly journals Anxiety Therapeutic Interventions of β-Caryophyllene: A Laboratory-Based Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (10) ◽  
pp. 1934578X2096222
Author(s):  
Keylla da Conceição Machado ◽  
Márcia Fernanda Correia Jardim Paz ◽  
José Victor de Oliveira Santos ◽  
Felipe Cavalcanti Carneiro da Silva ◽  
Jana Dimitrova Tchekalarova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biological Activities ◽  
Neurological Diseases ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Artemia Salina ◽  
Therapeutic Interventions ◽  
Test Model ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
In Vivo Test

The bicyclic sesquiterpene β-caryophyllene (BCP) has diverse biological activities, including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antidiabetic, and analgesic effects. This study evaluates anxiolytic, toxicity, and antioxidant effects of BCP using in vitro and in vivo test models. The anxiolytic effects were tested in Swiss albino mice ( Mus musculus) by applying the elevated plus-maze, rota-rod, light and dark, and hiding sphere models, while the toxicity was evaluated by brine shrimp ( Artemia salina) lethality bioassay. Additionally, the antioxidant capacity was tested by using 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical, 2,2′-azinobis-3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid hydroxyl radical scavenging, and the Saccharomyces cerevisiae test model. The results suggest that BCP exerted a dose-dependent anxiolytic-like effect on the experimental animals. It did not show toxicity in A. salina at 24 hours. BCP showed a concentration-dependent free-radical-scavenging capacity, similar to the standard antioxidant Trolox. It also showed protective and repair capacities against hydrogen peroxide-induced damaging effects in isogenic and wild-type S. cerevisiae strains. Taken together, BCP exerted antioxidant and protective effects, which can be targeted to treat neurological diseases and disorders such as anxiety.

scholarly journals A Review of Rhazya stricta Decne Phytochemistry, Bioactivities, Pharmacological Activities, Toxicity, and Folkloric Medicinal Uses

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 2508
Author(s):  
Abdulaziz Albeshri ◽  
Nabih A. Baeshen ◽  
Thamer A. Bouback ◽  
Abdullah A. Aljaddawi
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Uses ◽  
The Road ◽  
Rhazya Stricta ◽  
In Vivo Experiments ◽  
Medical Disorders ◽  
Phytochemical Compounds ◽  
Different Cultures ◽  
Phytochemical Studies

The local medicinal plant Rhazya stricta Decne is reviewed for its folkloric medicinal, phytochemical, pharmacological, biological, and toxicological features. R. stricta has been used widely in different cultures for various medical disorders. The phytochemical studies performed on the R. stricta extract revealed many alkaloidal and fatty acid compounds. Moreover, several flavonoid and terpenoid compounds were also detected. Pharmacological activates of R. stricta extracts are approved to possess antimicrobial, antioxidant, anticancer, antidiabetic, and antihypertensive activities. Additionally, R. stricta extract was found to hold biological activates such as larvicidal and phytoremediation activates R. stricta extract was found to be toxic, genotoxic, and mutagenic. R. stricta contains novel phytochemical compounds that have not been investigated pharmacologically. Further research is needed through in vitro and in vivo experiments to pave the road for these compounds for medical, veterinary, and ecological uses.

scholarly journals A synthesis and review of medicinal uses, phytochemistry and biological activities of Markhamia zanzibarica

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 5985-5993
Author(s):  
Alfred Maroyi
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Infections ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Clinical Effectiveness ◽  
Pharmaceutical Products ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Extensive Literature ◽  
Medicinal Uses ◽  
In Vivo Experiments

Markhamia zanzibarica (Bojer ex DC.) K. Schum.has been used in herbal medicine in tropical Africa since ancient times. Markhamia zanzibarica is indigenous to central, eastern and southern Africa. This extensive literature review synthesizes the information currently available on the medicinal uses, phytochemistry and biological activities of M. zanzibarica. The University library and electronic search engines Google Scholar, Scopus, Web of Science, ScienceDirect and PubMed were searched for pertinent information on the medicinal uses, phytochemistry and biological activities of M. zanzibarica. Traditionally, the species has been used as anthelmintic, and traditional medicine for backache, female reproductive problems, sexually transmitted infections, respiratory infections and gastro-intestinal problems. In vitro studies have confirmed the biological activities of M. zanzibarica which include antibacterial, antimycobacterial, antioxidant and cytotoxicity. Various phytochemicals such as alkaloids, anthraquinones, fatty acids, flavonoids, glycosides, phenolics, saponins, sterols, tannins and triterpenes have been isolated from M. zanzibarica. Documentation of the medicinal uses, phytochemistry and pharmacological properties of M. zanzibarica is essential as this information provides baseline data required for future research and development of health-promoting and pharmaceutical products. However, further pharmacological studies including phytochemical, toxicological, in vitro and in vivo experiments are needed to provide evidence for the clinical effectiveness of remedies prepared from the species.

scholarly journals Ethnomedicinal, Phytochemical and Pharmacological Investigations of Perilla frutescens (L.) Britt.

Molecules ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 102 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hiwa Ahmed
Keyword(s):  
Biological Activities ◽  
Folk Medicine ◽  
Perilla Frutescens ◽  
Therapeutic Effects ◽  
Medicinal Uses ◽  
Botanical Drug ◽  
Herbal Medicinal

Perilla frutescens (L.) Britt. (PF) is an annual herbal medicinal, aromatic, functional food, and ornamental plant that belongs to the mint family, Lamiaceae. The origin of perilla traces back to East Asian countries (China, Japan, Korea, Taiwan, Vietnam, and India), where it has been used as a valuable source of culinary and traditional medicinal uses. The leaves, seeds, and stems of P. frutescens are used for various therapeutic applications in folk medicine. In the absence of a comprehensive review regarding all aspects of perilla, this review aims to present an overview pertaining to the botanical drug, ethnobotany, phytochemistry, and biological activity. It was found that the taxonomic classification of perilla species is quite confused, and the number of species is vague. Perilla has traditionally been prescribed to treat depression-related disease, anxiety, asthma, chest stuffiness, vomiting, coughs, colds, flus, phlegm, tumors, allergies, intoxication, fever, headache, stuffy nose, constipation, abdominal pain, and indigestion, and acts as an analgesic, anti-abortive agent, and a sedative. Until now, 271 natural molecules have been identified in perilla organs including phenolic acids, flavonoids, essential oils, triterpenes, carotenoids, phytosterols, fatty acids, tocopherols, and policosanols. In addition to solvent extracts, these individual compounds (rosmarinic acid, perillaldehyde, luteolin, apigenin, tormentic acid, and isoegomaketone) have attracted researchers’ interest for its pharmacological properties. Perilla showed various biological activities such as antioxidant, antimicrobial, anti-allergic, antidepressant, anti-inflammatory, anticancer, and neuroprotection effects. Although the results are promising in preclinical studies (in vitro and in vivo), clinical studies are insufficient; therefore, further study needs to be done to validate its therapeutic effects and to ensure its safety and efficacy.

Medicinal Uses, Biological and Chemical Properties of Wild Plum (Harpephyllum caffrum): An Indigenous Fruit Plant of Southern Africa

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 258-268
Author(s):  
Alfred Maroyi
Keyword(s):  
Herbal Medicine ◽  
Southern Africa ◽  
Bone Fractures ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Fatty Acid Esters ◽  
Pharmacological Activities ◽  
Scientific Publications ◽  
Medicinal Uses

Harpephyllum caffrum is a fruit plant widely used as herbal medicine throughout its distributional range in southern Africa. This study was aimed at providing a critical review of the biological activities, phytochemistry and medicinal uses of H. caffrum. Documented information on the botany, biological activities, medicinal uses and phytochemistry of H. caffrum was collected from several online sources which included BMC, Scopus, SciFinder, Google Scholar, Science Direct, Elsevier, Pubmed and Web of Science. Additional information on H. caffrum was gathered from pre-electronic sources such as book chapters, books, journal articles and scientific publications sourced from the University library. This study showed that the bark, fruits and roots of H. caffrum are used as blood purifier and emetic, and as herbal medicine against asthma, wounds, bone fractures, sprains and skin problems. Phytochemical compounds identified from the fruits, leaves and stem bark of H. caffrum include cardanols, fatty acid esters, flavonoids, phenolics and triterpenoids. Ethnopharmacological research revealed that H. caffrum extracts and compounds have in vitro and in vivo pharmacological activities such as acetylcholinesterase, analgesic, antibacterial, anticonvulsant, antimycobacterial, antifungal, anti-HIV, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antipyretic, melanogenesis and antityrosinase, hypoglycaemic and hypotensive, hepatoprotective and cytotoxicity activities. Harpephyllum caffrum should be subjected to detailed phytochemical, pharmacological and toxicological evaluations aimed at correlating its medicinal uses with its phytochemistry and pharmacological activities of the species.

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