scholarly journals Distribution of sandflies (Diptera: Phlebotominae) in forest remnants and adjacent matrix habitats in Brazilian Amazonia

2003 ◽  
Vol 63 (3) ◽  
pp. 401-410 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. S. De Luca ◽  
H. L. Vasconselos ◽  
T. V. Barrett
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Forest ◽  
Primary Forest ◽  
Secondary Forests ◽  
Forest Edges ◽  
Brazilian Amazonia ◽  
Forest Remnants ◽  
Matrix Habitats ◽  
Lower Population ◽  
Primary Forests

We studied the distribution of sandflies (Diptera: Phlebotominae) - insect vectors of several diseases, including leishmaniasis - at the interface between primary forest and cattle pasture and between primary forest and secondary forest (< 15 yr old) in Southern Brazilian Amazonia. Sandflies were collected by using a combination of light traps and traps having vertebrates as baits. Strong differences in abundance and species richness were found between primary forests and pastures. Very few sandfly species were found in the pastures, and those that were found generally occurred at lower densities when compared to the adjacent forest. At least one species (Lutzomyia lainsoni), however, can become extremely abundant in pastures, possibly depending on the presence of cattle and water bodies. Differences between primary forests and secondary forests were not so strong, although the latter usually had fewer species and lower population abundances. No species were exclusively found in pastures or secondary forests; the species present in these two habitats were a subset of those found in primary forests. The distance to the edge did not affect the abundance, richness and composition of sandfly species in primary forests. The abundance and richness of sandflies, however, was greater in forest edges facing pastures than those facing secondary forests. This pattern could not be explained by an influx of species and individuals from the adjacent pasture, suggesting the existence of in situ differences between the different types of forest edges studied.

scholarly journals KEANEKARAGAMAN DAN KEMERATAAN BURUNG PADA BERBAGAI TIPE HABITAT DI DESA ARTAIN KECAMATAN ARANIO KABUPATEN BANJAR KALIMANTAN SELATAN

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 405
Author(s):  
Basuki Rahman ◽  
Abdi Fithria ◽  
Basir Achmad ◽  
Danang Biyatmoko
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Forest ◽  
Habitat Type ◽  
Bird Species ◽  
Observation Point ◽  
Primary Forest ◽  
Secondary Forests ◽  
And Function ◽  
The Village ◽  
Primary Forests ◽  
Forest Habitats

Artain is a village located opposite the Riam Kanan reservoir in Aranio District, Banjar Regency, South Kalimantan Province. There are various types of habitat in the Village, from the edge of a reservoir to primary forest which is thought to be home to various birds species, which over time has the potential to degrade or change due to human activity which then reduces its quality and function as habitat for many birds species. It is necessary to research the diversity and evenness of birds in each habitat type in Artain, so that the existence of various bird species can be known. The research was conducted from May to June 2020, the method used in the study was the cruising circumference point, which is determining the observation point and its radius and then making observations by exploring the observation path continue. The results showed that there were 9 types of bird's habitat in Artain, they are Settlements, Periphery Reservoirs, Shrubs, Mixed Gardens, Rubber Gardens, Reeds, Fields, Secondary Forests, and Primary Forests. The lowest diversity value (H' = 1.25) was identified in field habitats and the highest (H' = 3.17) in scrub habitats, meaning that the level of diversity in all habitats was classified as moderate. The lowest evenness value in secondary forest habitats (E = 0.80) and the highest is mixed garden habitats and rubber gardens (E = 0.97), which means that evenness in each habitat is in the high category.

scholarly journals ANALISIS KANDUNGAN BIOMASSA DAN KARBON TERSIMPAN (Carbon Stock) PADA PSP (Plot Sampling Parmanent) HUTAN NEGERI SOYA KOTA AMBON.

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 72 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yulianus D Komul ◽  
Gun Mardiatmoko ◽  
Rohny S. Maail
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Stock ◽  
Secondary Forest ◽  
Forest Biomass ◽  
Carbon Stocks ◽  
Primary Forest ◽  
Total Biomass ◽  
Secondary Forests ◽  
Plot Sampling ◽  
Primary Forests ◽  
Sampling Plot

Carbon stocks while amount of carbon stored on vegetation, other biomass and soil. Effort to reduce greenhouse gas concentrations at atmosphere (emissions) ito reduce CO2 into air. Amount of CO2 on air must be controlled by increasing of CO2 by plants as much as possible and reducing release of emissions as low as possible. Carbon stored reserves should be measured as attempt to carbon stocks in forest to decrease carbon emissions and adverse effects. Research do in September 2015 at parmanent sampling plot on 2012 at Soya included Mount Sirimau . Method of biomass and carbon stocks on Measurement and Calculation of Carbon Stock overall primary forests and secondary forests consist of 409. Total biomass content for For strata of primary forest biomass is 510 with 3590 tons / ha - 786.6950 tons / ha with average content of biomass at 640.4733 tons/ ha. .At secondary forest is 210.1608 tons / ha to 436.6976 tons / ha with 289.4509 tons / ha. Carbon-stored at primary forest is 239.9190 tons / ha to 369.0228 tons / ha with 301.1112 tons / ha. On secondary forest amount of carbon stored is 88.9805 tons / ha to 139.7868 tons / ha and 110.1785 tons / ha.

scholarly journals Pemanfaatan Strata Hutan oleh Tikus Ekor Putih (Maxomys hellwaldii) di Gunung Klabat Kabupaten Minahasa Utara, Sulawesi Utara (Utilization of Forest Strates by White Equipment Rats (Maxomys hellwaldii) in Klabat Mountain North Minahasa Distric, North Sulawesi)

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 15
Author(s):  
Baren Rumanasen ◽  
Saroyo Saroyo ◽  
Pience Maabuat
Keyword(s):  
Natural Resources ◽  
Secondary Forest ◽  
Conservation Status ◽  
Primary Forest ◽  
Secondary Forests ◽  
International Union ◽  
Transect Line ◽  
North Sulawesi ◽  
Primary Forests ◽  
Made In

Pemanfaatan Strata Hutan oleh Tikus Ekor Putih (Maxomys hellwaldii) di Gunung Klabat Kabupaten Minahasa Utara, Sulawesi Utara(Utilization of  Forest Strates by White Equipment Rats (Maxomys hellwaldii) in Klabat Mountain North Minahasa Distric, North Sulawesi) Baren Anggyon Rumanasen1)*, Saroyo1), Pience Maabuat1)1)Program Studi Biologi FMIPA Universitas Sam Ratulangi, Manado 95115*Email korespondensi: [email protected] Diterima  15 Januari 2019, diterima untuk publikasi 28 Februari 2019 Abstrak Tikus ekor putih (Maxomys hellwaldii) adalah hewan endemik Sulawesi, yang oleh IUCN status konservasinya masih kurang diperhatikan. Ancaman utama tikus ekor putih adalah perburuan untuk dijual.  Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis pemanfaatan strata hutan oleh tikus ekor putih (Maxomys hellwaldii) di Gunung Klabat Kabupaten Minahasa Utara, Provinsi Sulawesi Utara. Pengamatan menggunakan metode garis transek, dua garis transek dibuat masing-masing pada hutan primer dan hutan sekunder, panjang garis transek masing-masing 2 km dengan lebar 20 m. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan di hutan primer tikus ekor putih memanfaatkan stratum B sebesar 7,59%, dan stratum C 92,40%. Pada hutan sekunder tikus ekor putih memanfaatkan stratum C sebesar 100%. Aktivitas yang dilakukan tikus ekor putih pada hutan primer, mencari makan sebesar 56,96%, aktivitas berpindah sebesar 30,37%, aktivitas makan sebesar 5,06%, dan aktivitas istirahat sebesar 7,59%. Pada hutan sekunder, sebesar 15,06%, aktivitas makan (2,73%),dan aktivitas istirahat sebesar 27,39%.Kata kunci: tikus ekor putih, aktivitas, strata hutan, Gunung Klabat Abstract White-tailed mice (Maxomys hellwaldii) are endemic to Sulawesi, which by the IUCN (The International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources) still lacks attention to conservation status. The main threat to white-tailed mice is hunting for sale. The study used the transect line method, two transect lines were made in primary forest and two transect lines were made in secondary forest, the length of the transect line was 2 km in width and 20 m in width. The results showed that in primary forest white-tailed mice made use of stratum B of (7.59%), and stratum C was (92.40%). Whereas in the secondary forest white tail rats only use the C stratum, which is equal to 100%. Activities carried out by white-tailed rats were in primary forests, foraging for (56.96%), moving activities by (30.37%), eating activities by (5.06%), and resting activities at (7.59 %). In secondary forests, white-tailed mice looked for food (54.79%), shifting activity (15.06%), eating activities (2.73%), and resting activities (27.39%).Keywords: white-tailed mice, activity, forest strates, Klabat Mountain

Bird assemblages in secondary forests developing after slash-and-burn agriculture in the Brazilian Amazon

2007 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 469-477 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sérgio Henrique Borges
Keyword(s):  
Species Composition ◽  
Secondary Forest ◽  
Secondary Growth ◽  
Bird Species ◽  
Brazilian Amazon ◽  
Primary Forest ◽  
Secondary Forests ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Bird Assemblages ◽  
Primary Forests

Although indigenous farmers and other traditional peoples have disturbed Amazonian forests for centuries, few studies investigate the effects of these disturbances on biodiversity. This short-term study investigates how bird assemblages are affected by agricultural practices adopted by the residents of a national park in the Brazilian Amazon. Twelve sites in secondary forest (four sites in three age categories) and 12 sites in primary forest were selected for bird sampling. Audio-visual censuses of birds were conducted in small plots (1 ha) of young secondary growth (4–5 y), middle-aged (7–15 y), and old (20–35 y) secondary forests. Each site in secondary forest had a corresponding control site in adjacent primary forest. Young secondary growth had fewer species than old secondary and primary forests. Bird species richness was similar in middle-aged, old secondary and primary forests. Bird communities of young secondary habitat were dominated by species normally found in open habitats, such as agricultural fields and igapó flooded forests. The bird species composition of young secondary growth was more similar to that of middle-aged forest, which in turn was more similar to that of old secondary forests. Bird species composition differed between young secondary growth and old secondary forests and primary forests and between middle-aged secondary and primary forests. Nectarivore/insectivores and frugivore/insectivores of monospecific flocks are significantly associated with secondary forests, especially in initial stages of forest regeneration. In contrast, specialized insectivorous birds that join mixed-flocks show a significant association with primary forest.

Bewirtschaftung von tropischen Sekundärwäldern

2002 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dietrich Schmidt-Vogt
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Forest Cover ◽  
Stand Structure ◽  
Secondary Forest ◽  
Secondary Forests ◽  
Tropical Asia ◽  
Land Use Systems ◽  
The Future ◽  
The Tropics ◽  
Primary Forests

AbstractManagement of secondary tropical forests: a new perspective for sustainable use of forests in Asia. The decline of primary forests in the tropics is leading to a reassessment of the role secondary forests might play within the context of tropical forest management. Recent research has shown that secondary forests in the tropics can be both rich in species and complex in terms of stand structure. There is, moreover, a growing recognition of the importance of secondary forests for traditional subsistence economies in the tropics and of their economic potential for land use systems in the future. Management of secondary forests in Asia as an alternative to the extraction of timber from primary forests but also as one among other options to intensify traditional land use systems has a potential for the future especially because of the existence of vast tracts of valuable secondary forest cover, and because of the store of traditional knowledge that can still be found in tropical Asia.

Seed mass and light requirements for regeneration in Southeast Asian rain forest

1995 ◽  
Vol 73 (6) ◽  
pp. 817-826 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. J. Metcalfe ◽  
P. J. Grubb
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
Rain Forest ◽  
Secondary Forest ◽  
Seed Mass ◽  
Primary Forest ◽  
Secondary Forests ◽  
Light Requirement ◽  
Lowland Rain Forest ◽  
Light Requirements ◽  
Shade Tolerant Species

Seed mass values are given for 140 species of primary lowland rain forest and associated secondary forests in Singapore. Among shade-tolerant species of primary forest there is a trend for a decrease in mean seed mass with tall trees > woody climbers > small trees > shrubs > herbs; the differences between tall trees and small trees or shrubs or herbs, and between herbs and small trees or woody climbers are significant. There are a few light-demanding herbs or shrubs in the primary forest; among small trees, light demanders have significantly lower seed mass values than shade tolerators. In 9 out of 13 comparisons within taxa including both shade tolerants and light demanders the former had appreciably larger seeds than the latter. Two out of 13 comparisons involved very small seeded shade tolerators, and one a notably large-seed light demander. Many shade-tolerant herbs, shrubs, and trees have seed mass values much smaller than those of trees of secondary forest conventionally regarded as small seeded, and exploit moist, litter-free sites, e.g., steep microslopes. The trees of secondary forests on degraded soils do not differ significantly in seed mass from those on nondegraded soils. Key words: seed mass, light requirement, regeneration, tropical rain forest, phylogenetic analysis.

Shrimp abundance and habitat relationships in tropical rain-forest streams, Sarawak, Borneo

2003 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 387-395 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomoya Iwata ◽  
Mikio Inoue ◽  
Shigeru Nakano ◽  
Hitoshi Miyasaka ◽  
Atsushi Doi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rain Forest ◽  
Tropical Rain Forest ◽  
Secondary Forest ◽  
High Water ◽  
Water Velocity ◽  
Primary Forest ◽  
Microhabitat Use ◽  
Secondary Forests ◽  
Habitat Differences ◽  
Forest Streams

Microhabitat use and habitat-abundance relationships of four freshwater shrimps, Atyopsis moluccensis, Macrobrachium pilimanus, Macrobrachium trompii and Macrobrachium neglectum, were surveyed in tropical streams running through primary and secondary forests in Borneo, East Malaysia. Underwater observations revealed that A. moluccensis preferred relatively high water velocity and a boulder substrate. Macrobrachium pilimanus also preferred high water velocity and a cobble substrate, whereas M. trompii occupied stream margins with slow current and fine substrates (from POM (particulate organic matter) to pebbles). In contrast, M. neglectum was distributed relatively evenly through the stream channel. The abundance of A. moluccensis, M. pilimanus and M. trompii in the stream reaches was best explained by the abundance of boulders, cobbles and POM, respectively, suggesting that the amount of preferred microhabitat is an important factor affecting shrimp abundances in the tropical rain-forest streams. The primary-forest reaches were dominated by coarse substrates, such as cobbles and boulders, while a great proportion of the streambeds in the secondary-forest reaches were covered with sand. Owing probably to such habitat differences, the abundance of both A. moluccensis and M. pilimanus, which preferred coarse substrates, was less in the secondary- than in the primary-forest reaches. These suggested that loss of preferred habitat, namely decreased coarse substrate availability, by sedimentation resulting from riparian deforestation had altered the shrimp assemblage structures.

A comparison of ground-dwelling small mammal communities in primary and secondary tropical rainforests in China

1996 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 215-230 ◽  
Author(s):  
De-Lin Wu ◽  
Jia Luo ◽  
Barry J. Fox
Keyword(s):  
Small Mammal ◽  
Dominant Species ◽  
Secondary Forest ◽  
Southern China ◽  
Rattus Rattus ◽  
Mantel Test ◽  
Primary Forest ◽  
Secondary Forests ◽  
Small Mammal Communities ◽  
Mammal Communities

ABSTRACTTrapping was conducted in primary and secondary forests to investigate the effects of past logging on small mammal communities. Thirteen I-ha sites were snap-trapped for three consecutive days in tropical monsoon rainforest in Xishuangbanna Nature Reserve, southern China. A total of 3900 trap-days yielded 198 captures, of which 118 were in the primary forest and 80 in the secondary forest. A total of 12 ground-dwelling species (eight Rodentia, Muridae; three Insectivora, Soricidae; one Insectivora, Erinaceidae) were caught, five (all Rodentia, Muridae) occurred in the primary forest and 11 in the secondary forest. The most abundant species was Niviventer confucianus, accounting for 62% and 39% of the total captures in the primary and the secondary forests, respectively. In the secondary forest the mean abundances of the two dominant species, N. confucianus and Maxomys surifer, were reduced, and a non-commensal form of Rattus rattus disappeared, but N. fulvescens showed no change while Mus pahari increased. The seven species which occurred only in secondary forest had very low abundance. Overall, the multivariate Mantel test showed the two communities to be significantly different. After logging, species diversity increased, and the two dominant species had increased body mass and their mean abundance decreased.

scholarly journals Forest Structure, Nutrients, and Pentaclethra macroloba Growth after Deforestation of Costa Rican Lowland Forests

ISRN Ecology ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniela J. Shebitz ◽  
William Eaton
Keyword(s):  
Nutrient Dynamics ◽  
Secondary Forest ◽  
Leguminous Plant ◽  
Primary Forest ◽  
Secondary Forests ◽  
Ecosystem Recovery ◽  
Neotropical Forests ◽  
Vegetation Diversity ◽  
Organic C ◽  
Relative Contribution

Succession following deforestation in Neotropical forests has been investigated extensively, yet rarely have studies connected nutrient dynamics with vegetation. This study was conducted in lowland wet forests of Maquenque, Costa Rica. The objectives were (1) to compare carbon (C), nitrogen (N), and phosphorus (P) characteristics and understory vegetation diversity between regenerating forests and primary forests; and (2) to use these variables to evaluate P. macroloba’s successional role. Four 300 m2 plots were established in primary and secondary forests where P. macroloba was the dominant N-fixing tree. Soil and vegetation data were collected from 2008 to 2010. Values of indicators of C, N, and P cycle activity were generally greater in primary than in secondary forest soils. Efficiency of organic C use and the relative contribution of respiration and organic C to soil biomass were also greater in the primary forest. These trends corresponded with greater richness, biomass, and cover of total and leguminous plant species, greater volume of P. macroloba in primary stands, and greater density of P. macroloba in secondary stands. As cleared regions of former primary forest regenerate, P. macroloba is the important dominant N-fixing tree and a critical driver of C, N, and P recuperation and ecosystem recovery.

scholarly journals Farmers’ Income and Land Cover Change at Lore Lindu National Park in Indonesia

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (12) ◽  
pp. 41
Author(s):  
Rustam Abdul Rauf ◽  
Adam Malik ◽  
Isrun . ◽  
Golar . ◽  
Alimudin Laapo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Land Cover ◽  
Land Cover Change ◽  
National Park ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Secondary Forest ◽  
Forest Area ◽  
Farm Income ◽  
Primary Forest ◽  
Secondary Forests ◽  
Lore Lindu National Park

Lore Lindu National Park in Central Sulawesi is one of the protected areas. Although it is protected, many of its areas are experiencing pressure and disruption by human activities. The purpose of this research was to know the relationship between farmers&rsquo; income and land cover change at Lore Lindu National Park. The research method was a participatory survey. Variables of incomes were sourced from farming and outside farming (forests). Data of land cover change were obtained using imagery in 2012, 2014 and 2016. The result of research is the average of farming income of IDR 1,387,077 (cocoa farming) and non-farm income of IDR 854,819 (forest honey, resin). In the last five years (2012-2016), the primary forest area decreased by 902.37 ha, while the secondary forest has shown an increase of 2,233.61 ha. The trend of land cover change was drastic, with change in the secondary dry land forest area from 6.9 ha (in 2012) to 2,240.5 ha (in 2016). The increased secondary forest area and the secondary forests have been converted into agricultural land and mixed gardens.

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