Germination and initial growth of Campomanesia xanthocarpa O. Berg. (Myrtaceae), in petroleum-contaminated soil and bioremediated soil

In 2000 there was an oil spill at the Getúlio Vargas Refinery (REPAR) in Paraná. Nearly five years after contamination and the use of bioremediation, a study was carried out to identify the effects of the contaminated soil and the bioremediated soil on the germination and initial growth of C. xanthocarpa. The experiment was established with soil from REPAR, with three treatment groups: contaminated soil (C), bioremediated soil (B) and uncontaminated soil (U); with five repetitions of 50 seeds each. There was no significant difference in the percentage of germination and the speed of germination index. The production of total biomass (30 - 60 days) and shoot biomass (60 days) was greater in the bioremediated soil compared to the other treatments. The averages for the root biomass were lower in the contaminated soil than in the bioremediated soil. The shoot length and the total length of the seedling in the contaminated soil and uncontaminated soil were lower than in the bioremediated soil.

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Effects of High Potassium and Low Temperature on the Growth and Magnesium Nutrition of Different Tomato Cultivars

HortScience ◽

10.21273/hortsci12983-18 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 53 (5) ◽

pp. 710-714 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Huixia Li ◽

Zhujun Chen ◽

Ting Zhou ◽

Yan Liu ◽

Sajjad Raza ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Low Temperature ◽

Shoot Biomass ◽

Total Biomass ◽

High Potassium ◽

Hydroponic Experiment ◽

Root Shoot Ratio ◽

High K ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Tomato Cultivars ◽

K Concentration

The interaction between potassium (K) and magnesium (Mg) in plants has been intensively studied. However, the responses of different tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) cultivars to high K levels at low temperatures remained unclear. Herein, a complete randomized hydroponic experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of temperature (25 °C day/18 °C night vs. 15 °C day/8 °C night) and K concentrations (156 mg·L−1 vs. 468 mg·L−1) on the growth and Mg nutrition of tomato cultivars Gailiangmaofen (MF) and Jinpeng No. 1 (JP). Compared with the control temperature (25 °C day/18 °C night), the low temperature decreased total biomass, shoot biomass, and Mg uptake in shoot by 17.3%, 24.1%, and 11.8%, respectively; however, the root/shoot ratio was increased. High K had no significant effect on plant growth or biomass compared with the control K concentration (156 mg·L−1); however, Mg concentrations and uptake in shoot were significantly lower under high-K treatment. Significant difference was observed for K uptake, but not for Mg uptake, between the two cultivars. There was no significant interaction between temperature and high K on Mg uptake of tomato, so a combined stress of low temperature and high K further inhibited Mg uptake and transport. Low temperature and high K increased the risk of Mg deficiency in tomato.

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Structure and biomass accumulation of natural mangrove forest at Gazi Bay, Kenya

International Journal of Bonorowo Wetlands ◽

10.13057/bonorowo/w100102 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

Author(s):

JAMES G. KAIRO ◽

MICHAEL NJOROGE GITHAIGA ◽

KIPLAGAT KOTUT ◽

FRANCIS KARIUKI

Keyword(s):

Forest Structure ◽

Mangrove Forest ◽

Biomass Accumulation ◽

Shoot Biomass ◽

Total Biomass ◽

Above Ground Biomass ◽

Ground Biomass ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Below Ground ◽

Gazi Bay

Abstract. Githaiga MN, Kotut K, Kariuki F, Kairo JG. 2019. Structure and biomass accumulation of natural mangrove forest at Gazi Bay, Kenya. Bonorowo Wetlands 9: 18-32. The goal of this study was to determine the forest structure and estimate biomass accumulation above and below ground in the mangrove forest of Gazi Bay. The western, middle, and eastern forest blocks of the Gazi Bay mangrove forest were investigated for forest structure, whereas the western forest block was determined for biomass accumulation. To calculate below-ground biomass accumulation, in-growth cores of 80 cm long, 20 cm broad, and 60 cm deep were employed. Above-ground biomass accumulation was calculated using data on tree height and stem diameter at breast height (DBH-130). Leaf phenology was observed by tagging shoots. At the start, environmental variables were measured every four months for a year across four mangrove species zones. The linear regeneration sampling approach was used to determine the composition and distribution pattern of natural regeneration (LRS). Salinity revealed a strong negative connection with above-ground biomass accumulation among the soil environment characteristics studied. Sonneratia alba had the highest biomass accretion rate of 10.5 1.9 t ha-1 yr-1 among the four forest zones. Rhizophora mucronata (8.5 0.8 t ha-1 yr-1), Avicennia marina (5.2 1.8 t ha-1 yr-1), and Ceriops tagal (2.6 1.5 t ha-1 yr-1) were the next most abundant species. Above-ground and below-ground biomass accumulation differed significantly among zones (F (3, 8) = 5.42, p = 0.025) and (F (3, 8) = 16.03, p = 0 001), respectively. There was a significant difference in total biomass accumulation across zones (F (3, 8) =15.56, p = 0.001). For the entire forest, a root : shoot biomass accumulation ratio of 2 : 5 was calculated. This study's findings provide more accurate estimates of mangrove carbon capture and storage, which can be used in carbon credit discussions in the emerging carbon market.

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Distribution of Bacterial Communities in Petroleum-Contaminated Soils from the Dagang Oilfield, China

Transactions of Tianjin University ◽

10.1007/s12209-019-00226-7 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 26 (1) ◽

pp. 22-32 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Xueke Feng ◽

Zhen Liu ◽

Xiaoqiang Jia ◽

Wenyu Lu

Keyword(s):

Bacterial Community ◽

Contaminated Soil ◽

Contaminated Soils ◽

Bacterial Communities ◽

Petroleum Hydrocarbon ◽

High Throughput Sequencing ◽

Environmental Parameters ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Petroleum Contaminated Soil ◽

Different Depths

AbstractDiversity in bacterial communities was investigated along a petroleum hydrocarbon content gradient (0–0.4043 g/g) in surface (5–10 cm) and subsurface (35–40 cm) petroleum-contaminated soil samples from the Dagang Oilfield, China. Using 16S rRNA Illumina high-throughput sequencing technology and several statistical methods, the bacterial diversity of the soil was studied. Subsequently, the environmental parameters were measured to analyze its relationship with the community variation. Nonmetric multidimensional scaling and analysis of similarities indicated a significant difference in the structure of the bacterial community between the nonpetroleum-contaminated surface and subsurface soils, but no differences were observed in different depths of petroleum-contaminated soil. Meanwhile, many significant correlations were obtained between diversity in soil bacterial community and physicochemical properties. Total petroleum hydrocarbon, total organic carbon, and total nitrogen were the three important factors that had the greatest impacts on the bacterial community distribution in the long-term petroleum-contaminated soils. Our research has provided references for the bacterial community distribution along a petroleum gradient in both surface and subsurface petroleum-contaminated soils of oilfield areas.

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Phytotoxicity of petroleum-contaminated soil and bioremediated soil on Allophylus edulis

Rodriguésia ◽

10.1590/2175-7860201162302 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 62 (3) ◽

pp. 459-466 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

Lucas Nogueira ◽

Renata Charvet Inckot ◽

Gedir de Oliveira Santos ◽

Luiz Antonio de Souza ◽

Cleusa Bona

Keyword(s):

Leaf Area ◽

Contaminated Soil ◽

Root Biomass ◽

Germination Percentage ◽

Anatomical Structure ◽

Total Biomass ◽

Percentage Germination ◽

Stomatal Index ◽

Germination Speed ◽

Petroleum Contaminated Soil

Abstract This study aimed to assess the effect of petroleum-contaminated and bioremediated soils on germination, growth and anatomical structure of Allophylus edulis. We tested oil-contaminated soil, bioremediated soil and non-contaminated soil. We evaluated germination percentage, germination speed index (GSI), biomass and length of roots and shoots, total biomass, root and hypocotyl diameter, thickness of eophylls and cotyledons, leaf area, eophyll stomatal index and seedling anatomy. Germination percentage, GSI, biomass and leaf area did not differ between treatments after 30 days. Root biomass and plant height were lower in the noncontaminated treatment. Root biomass and leaf area differed between treatments after 60 days. Thickness of cotyledons was higher in bioremediated soil than in other treatments. Root and eophyll structure showed little variation in contaminated soil. We conclude that A. edulis was not affected by petroleum in contaminated and bioremediated soils and that this species has potential for phytoremediation.

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Relevance Predictability in Information Retrieval Systems

Methods of Information in Medicine ◽

10.1055/s-0038-1636254 ◽

1967 ◽

Vol 06 (02) ◽

pp. 45-51 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

A. Kent ◽

J. Belzer ◽

M. Kuhfeerst ◽

E. D. Dym ◽

D. L. Shirey ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Information Retrieval ◽

Experimental Conditions ◽

Treatment Groups ◽

Retrieval Systems ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Information Retrieval Systems ◽

High Predictability ◽

Intermediate Response ◽

Quantitative Indicators ◽

Level Of Processing

An experiment is described which attempts to derive quantitative indicators regarding the potential relevance predictability of the intermediate stimuli used to represent documents in information retrieval systems. In effect, since the decision to peruse an entire document is often predicated upon the examination of one »level of processing« of the document (e.g., the citation and/or abstract), it became interesting to analyze the properties of what constitutes »relevance«. However, prior to such an analysis, an even more elementary step had to be made, namely, to determine what portions of a document should be examined.An evaluation of the ability of intermediate response products (IRPs), functioning as cues to the information content of full documents, to predict the relevance determination that would be subsequently made on these documents by motivated users of information retrieval systems, was made under controlled experimental conditions. The hypothesis that there might be other intermediate response products (selected extracts from the document, i.e., first paragraph, last paragraph, and the combination of first and last paragraph), that would be as representative of the full document as the traditional IRPs (citation and abstract) was tested systematically. The results showed that:1. there is no significant difference among the several IRP treatment groups on the number of cue evaluations of relevancy which match the subsequent user relevancy decision on the document;2. first and last paragraph combinations have consistently predicted relevancy to a higher degree than the other IRPs;3. abstracts were undistinguished as predictors; and4. the apparent high predictability rating for citations was not substantive.Some of these results are quite different than would be expected from previous work with unmotivated subjects.

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Effect of Fixed Minidose Warfarin, Conventional Dose Warfarin and Aspirin on INR and Prothrombin Fragment 1 + 2 in Patients with Atrial Fibrillation

Thrombosis and Haemostasis ◽

10.1055/s-0038-1656065 ◽

1997 ◽

Vol 77 (05) ◽

pp. 0845-0848 ◽

Cited By ~ 23

Author(s):

B G Koefoed ◽

C Feddersen ◽

A L Gulløv ◽

P Petersen

Keyword(s):

Atrial Fibrillation ◽

International Normalized Ratio ◽

Coagulation System ◽

Nonvalvular Atrial Fibrillation ◽

Treatment Groups ◽

Prothrombin Fragment ◽

Conventional Dose ◽

Dose Warfarin ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Changes Over Time

SummaryThe efficacy of conventional dose adjusted oral anticoagulation for stroke prevention in patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation is well- documented but not considered ideal as primary antithrombotic treatment in elderly patients. The antithrombotic effect of fixed minidose warfarin 1.25 mg/day alone or in combination with aspirin 300 mg/day, of conventional dose adjusted warfarin (INR 2.0-3.0), and of aspirin 300 mg/day have been investigated in outpatients with chronic nonvalvular atrial fibrillation in the second Copenhagen Atrial Fibrillation, Aspirin and Anticoagulant Therapy Study (AFASAK 2). In order to investigate the effect on the coagulation system of the treatments, the International Normalized Ratio of the prothrombin time (INR) and prothrombin fragment 1 + 2 (F1 +2) were monitored at baseline and after three months of treatment in 100 patients consecutively included in the trial. At baseline no differences in INR and F1+2 between the four treatment groups were present. After three months of therapy the level of INR increased significantly from baseline in patients receiving warfarin in any dose and the level of F1+2 decreased significantly by combined minidose warfarin-aspirin and by dose adjusted warfarin. When comparing the changes over time in FI +2 (three-month value minus baseline value) during therapy with fixed minidose warfarin, combined minidose warfarin-aspirin and aspirin alone no significant difference between the groups was found. In conclusion, INR was changed by all three warfarin regimens but only dose adjusted warfarin (INR 2.0-3.0) had a marked effect on F1+2.

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Association of biological antirheumatic therapy with risk for type 2 diabetes: a retrospective cohort study in incident rheumatoid arthritis

BMJ Open ◽

10.1136/bmjopen-2020-042246 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (6) ◽

pp. e042246

Author(s):

Sanjoy K Paul ◽

Olga Montvida ◽

Jennie H Best ◽

Sara Gale ◽

Attila Pethö-Schramm ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

T Cell ◽

Disease Modifying Antirheumatic Drugs ◽

Antirheumatic Therapy ◽

Treatment Groups ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Necrosis Factor

ObjectiveTo explore possible associations of treatment with biological disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (bDMARDs), including T-cell-based and interleukin-6 inhibition (IL-6i)-based therapies, and the risk for type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA).Study design, setting and participantsFive treatment groups were selected from a United States Electronic Medical Records database of 283 756 patients with RA (mean follow-up, 5 years): never received bDMARD (No bDMARD, n=125 337), tumour necrosis factor inhibitors (TNFi, n=34 873), IL-6i (n=1884), T-cell inhibitors (n=5935) and IL-6i+T cell inhibitor abatacept (n=1213). Probability and risk for T2DM were estimated with adjustment for relevant confounders.ResultsIn the cohort of 169 242 patients with a mean 4.5 years of follow-up and a mean 641 200 person years of follow-up, the adjusted probability of developing T2DM was significantly lower in the IL-6i (probability, 1%; 95% CI 0.6 to 2.0), T-cell inhibitor (probability, 3%; 95% CI 2.3 to 3.3) and IL-6i+T cell inhibitor (probability, 2%; 95% CI 0.1 to 2.9) groups than in the No bDMARD (probability, 5%; 95% CI 4.6 to 4.9) and TNFi (probability, 4%; 95% CI 3.7 to 4.7) groups. Compared with No bDMARD, the IL-6i and IL-6i+T cell inhibitor groups had 37% (95% CI of HR 0.42 to 0.96) and 34% (95% CI of HR 0.46 to 0.93) significantly lower risk for T2DM, respectively; there was no significant difference in risk in the TNFi (HR 0.99; 95% CI 0.93 to 1.06) and T-cell inhibitor (HR 0.96; 95% CI 0.82 to 1.12) groups.ConclusionsTreatment with IL-6i, with or without T-cell inhibitors, was associated with reduced risk for T2DM compared with TNFi or No bDMARDs; a less pronounced association was observed for the T-cell inhibitor abatacept.

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