scholarly journals Serum testosterone as a biomarker for second prostatic biopsy in men with negative first biopsy for prostatic cancer and PSA>4ng/mL, or with PIN biopsy result

2016 ◽  
Vol 42 (5) ◽  
pp. 925-931 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexandros Fiamegos ◽  
John Varkarakis ◽  
Michael Kontraros ◽  
Andreas Karagiannis ◽  
Michael Chrisofos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prostatic Cancer ◽  
Serum Testosterone ◽  
Biopsy Result ◽  
Prostatic Biopsy

Intra-prostatic Local Anaesthesia for Ultrasonoguided Transrectal Prostate Biopsy - A Review Literature

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 57-62
Author(s):  
AM Anamur Rashid Choudhury ◽  
Md Waliul Islam ◽  
Tasmina Parveen ◽  
Husne Ara ◽  
Md Abdus Salam
Keyword(s):  
Local Anaesthesia ◽  
Prostatic Cancer ◽  
Medical Science ◽  
Diagnostic Value ◽  
Review Literature ◽  
Common Disease ◽  
Past Century ◽  
Prostatic Biopsy ◽  
Carcinoma Prostate ◽  
Transrectal Prostate Biopsy

Carcinoma prostate is a common disease in urological aspect. Diagnosis of prostate cancer has evolved through the past century. In additions to estimations of serum PSA which has more predictive value than diagnostic value. In previous days diagnosis of prostatic cancer relied on three measures - DRE, needle biopsy and open biopsy. With development of medical science different biopsy techniques have evolved for prostatic biopsy. Each techniques has its own merits and demerits. This review article presented here discusses on ultrasonoguided transrectal prostatic biopsy following intraprostatic local anaesthesia. A thorough review literature search was done to resolve theses issues and finally a recommendation is drawn to develop a recommendated policy of biopsy for accurate diagnosis of prostatic cancer. Bangladesh Journal of Urology, Vol. 16, No. 2, July 2013 p.57-62

Endocrine effects of high-dose ketoconazole therapy in advanced prostatic cancer

1985 ◽  
Vol 110 (2) ◽  
pp. 276-283 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. Heyns ◽  
A. Drochmans ◽  
E. van der Schueren ◽  
G. Verhoeven
Keyword(s):  
Serum Concentration ◽  
Prostatic Cancer ◽  
Inverse Correlation ◽  
Serum Testosterone ◽  
Feedback System ◽  
Sex Hormone Binding Globulin ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Endocrine Effects ◽  
Advanced Prostatic Cancer ◽  
The Mean

Abstract. The endocrine effects of ketoconazole (400 mg orally every 8 h) were studied in 9 previously untreated patients with advanced prostatic cancer. Five of these patients were followed for 12 months. A rapid fall in the serum concentration of testosterone was noted in all patients studied. Minimal values were observed on day 4 of treatment but thereafter serum testosterone increased slowly. The effect of the drug on unbound testosterone was relatively more important, since sex hormone binding globulin increased markedly during treatment. An increase in progesterone and LH was observed in all patients. This suggests that ketoconazole limits the conversion of C21-precursors into androgens. This block is compensated in part by activation of the hypothalamo-hypophyseal feedback system. Urinary 17-ketosteroids were decreased but 17-hydroxysteroids were unaffected by the treatment. In 5 patients followed monthly over a period of 12 months the mean testosterone concentration ranged from 69 ng/100 ml in one patient to 428 ng/100 ml in another. An excellent inverse correlation could be demonstrated between the mean serum concentration of testosterone and the mean concentration of ketoconazole. The change of serum dehydroepiandrosterone sulphate also correlated inversely with the mean ketoconazole level. Increased concentrations of oestradiol were noted in 2 patients with slight gynaecomastia. It is concluded that long-term suppression of androgen production can be realized by high-dose ketoconazole treatment and that the degree of suppression is proportional to the serum levels of the drug.

scholarly journals Value of ultrasound elastography versus transrectal prostatic biopsy in prostatic cancer detection

2015 ◽  
Vol 46 (3) ◽  
pp. 761-768 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amr Abd El Fattah Hassan Gadalla ◽  
Sherif Fathy Abd El Rahman ◽  
Shady Elia Anis ◽  
Mohsen El-Sayed khalil
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Detection ◽  
Prostatic Cancer ◽  
Ultrasound Elastography ◽  
Prostatic Biopsy

Echo-guided transperineal prostatic biopsy vs transrectal prostatic biopsy in the diagnosis of prostatic cancer. Our experience

1996 ◽  
Vol 63 (1_suppl) ◽  
pp. 28-31
Author(s):  
A. Valtorta ◽  
U. Mascini ◽  
G. Strada ◽  
L Carmignani
Keyword(s):  
Prostatic Cancer ◽  
Digital Rectal Examination ◽  
Transrectal Ultrasonography ◽  
Prostatic Biopsy ◽  
Rectal Examination ◽  
Transrectal Biopsy ◽  
Guided Biopsy ◽  
Reliability Sensitivity ◽  
Sensitivity Specificity ◽  
Made In

From January 1992 to May 1996, we performed 526 prostatic biopsies for suspected carcinoma after digital rectal examination (DRE), transrectal ultrasonography (TRUS) and PSA. 288 patients underwent transperineal echo-guided biopsy (TP) and 238 transrectal biopsy (TR). Diagnosis of prostatic cancer was made in 133 cases: 69 in the TP group and 64 in the TR group. We evaluated the reliability, sensitivity, specificity and complications of the two methods. TR biopsy is simple to do and well-tolerated by the patient, but has a greater number of complications.

Le biopsie prostatiche random nei tumori prostatici allo stadio T1C: Confronto fra la tecnica a 6 sestanti vs quella a 10 sestanti

1997 ◽  
Vol 64 (1_suppl) ◽  
pp. 90-94
Author(s):  
P. Consonni ◽  
V. Scattoni ◽  
L Nava ◽  
F. Trimboli ◽  
L. Broglia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prostatic Cancer ◽  
Prostatic Biopsy ◽  
Prostatic Volume ◽  
Biopsy Technique ◽  
Positive Rate ◽  
Sextant Biopsy

It is still controversial which prostatic biopsy technique can provide the highest positive rate, complications, prostatic volume and PSA levels being equal. 656 consecutive patients (mean age 62.2 years) were submitted to biopsies using two similar transrectal techniques differing only in the number of biopsies: the “classic” six-sextant and a tensextant technique (adding 4 paraurethral biopsies). Every suspicious or hypoechoic area was also biopsied. Nine per cent (8/89) and 14% (6/42) of the patients subjected to 6-sextant and 10-sextant biopsies respectively, with a PSA level between 4.0-10.0 ng/ml had prostatic cancer. The positive rate increased to 24% (12/49) with sextant plus directed biopsies and to 33% (33/99) with directed biopsies only. Overall, 21% (52/279) of the patients with the above PSA level had a prostatic tumour. The 10-sextant biopsy technique does not seem to be significantly superior to the classic 6-sextant approach.

Validity of Transrectal Ultrasonography in the Early Diagnosis and Staging of Prostatic Cancer

1992 ◽  
Vol 59 (2) ◽  
pp. 59-65
Author(s):  
M. Fini ◽  
G. Vagliani ◽  
A. Perrone ◽  
G. Salvi ◽  
G. Misuriello ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Early Diagnosis ◽  
Mass Screening ◽  
Prostatic Cancer ◽  
False Positive Rate ◽  
Digital Rectal Examination ◽  
Radical Retropubic Prostatectomy ◽  
Clinical Staging ◽  
Transrectal Ultrasonography ◽  
Prostatic Biopsy ◽  
Prohibitive Cost

In 3 years of mass screening for early diagnosis of prostatic cancer, 57 tumors were found (57/5000, for a detection rate of 1.2%). Patients first underwent digital rectal examination (DRE): at present the least expensive, least invasive and most effective way to diagnose prostatic cancer. 420 men underwent transrectal ultrasonography (TRUS) with a 5 MHz transverse and longitudinal transducer for pathological digital rectal findings, obstructive symptoms and other reasons. Prostatic biopsy was performed in 190 patients with DRE findings and/or hypoechoic zones of the prostatic gland (transrectal digitally directed or ultrasonically perineal guided biopsies). The specificity, sensitivity and prediction capacity of DRE and TRUS in this group of patients was evaluated. Sensitivity of DRE was 92%, specificity 42% (usual finding for mass screening); predictive positive value was 41 %, negative 93%. Sensitivity of TRUS was 77%, specificity 57%, predictive positive value was 44%, negative 86%. Data seem to confirm the ability of TRUS to reduce the number of “false positives” after DRE (and consequently the number of biopsies). However, contraindications for use in mass screenings are: sensitivity lower than with DRE, high false positive rate and prohibitive cost for systematic use. Validity of TRUS is confirmed in clinical staging for the selection of patients undergoing radical retropubic prostatectomy, by comparison with local pathological staging.

Treatment of metastatic prostatic cancer with low-dose prednisone: evaluation of pain and quality of life as pragmatic indices of response.

1989 ◽  
Vol 7 (5) ◽  
pp. 590-597 ◽  
Author(s):  
I Tannock ◽  
M Gospodarowicz ◽  
W Meakin ◽  
T Panzarella ◽  
L Stewart ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Prostatic Cancer ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
Serum Testosterone ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Response To Treatment ◽  
Adrenal Androgens ◽  
Dose Prednisone

Thirty-seven men with symptomatic bone metastases from prostate cancer that had progressed following earlier treatment with estrogens and/or orchidectomy were treated with low-dose prednisone (7.5 to 10 mg daily). The rationale for this treatment was that some patients might still have hormone-sensitive disease that was stimulated by weak androgens of adrenal origin, and that these androgens could be suppressed by prednisone through its negative feedback on secretion of adrenocorticotrophic hormone (ACTH). Response to treatment was assessed by requirement for analgesics, by the McGill-Melzack pain questionnaire, and by a series of 17 linear analog self-assessment (LASA) scales relating to pain and to various aspects of quality of life. Fourteen patients (38%) had improvement in indices used to assess pain at 1 month after starting prednisone, and seven patients (19%) maintained this improvement for 3 to 30 months (median, 4 months). Reduction in pain was associated with improvement in other dimensions of quality of life, and in the scale for overall well-being. Prednisone treatment led to a decrease in the concentration of serum testosterone in seven of nine patients where it was not initially suppressed below 2 nmol/L, and caused a decrease in serum levels of androstenedione and dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate in more than 50% of patients. Symptomatic response was associated with a decrease in serum concentration of adrenal androgens. We conclude that (1) low-dose prednisone may cause useful relief of pain in some patients with advanced prostatic cancer; (2) relief of pain was associated with suppression of adrenal androgens; and (3) measures of pain and quality of life can be used to assess possible benefits of systemic therapy in patients with metastatic prostate cancer.

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