Planting density and yield of sweet pepper grown in an organic system

Abstract The objective of this work was to evaluate the yield and fruit quality of sweet pepper (Capsicum annuum) genotypes grown at various planting densities, in an organic production system under protected cultivation. The experiment was carried out in duplicate, to compare the yield and fruit quality of the 'TE 300', 'Mallorca', and ‘Timor’ sweet pepper genotypes, at the densities of 2, 4, 6, and 8 plants m-2. A randomized complete block design was used, with three replicates, in split plots. Mean fruit size and mass, yield per plant, and total yield were measured. Dunnett’s test was used to compare means between the standard density of 2 plants m-2 and the other densities. Scott-Knott’s test was used to compare the densities within each genotype. The increase of planting density in the organic production system provided a yield similar to that of the conventional system. A greater density increases yield and reduces the production cycle, without impairing the fruit size or quality of the ‘TE 300’ and ‘Timor’ genotypes. The densities of 8 plants m-2 for ‘TE 300’ and 'Timor', and of 6 plants m-2 for ‘Mallorca’ show the highest total yield per hectare.

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QUALIDADE E PRODUTIVIDADE DE FRUTOS DE FIGO CULTIVADO EM TRÊS DENSIDADES DE PLANTIO

Colloquium Agrariae ◽

10.5747/ca.2018.v14.n4.a260 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 14 (4) ◽

pp. 161-166

Author(s):

Scheila Lucia Ecker ◽

Clevison Luiz Giacobbo ◽

Leandro Galon ◽

Adriana Lugaresi ◽

Gian Carlos Girardi

Keyword(s):

Fruit Quality ◽

Dry Matter ◽

Fruit Size ◽

Dry Mass ◽

Fruit Weight ◽

Soluble Solids ◽

Planting Density ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Fig Tree

The objective of this work was to verify the influence of planting density on productivity and fruit quality of the fig tree. The design was used in three blocks, the plants of the cultivar Roxo de Valinhos were submitted to three planting spacings: 5 x 0.5 m; 5 x 1.0 m; and 5 x 1.5 m. The evaluated characteristics were: length of branches; average weekly growth of branches; fruit size; average fruit weight;soluble solids (°Brix); yield of mature fruits; productivity of green fruits; accumulated productivity; and dry mass of fruits.The length of the branches was not influenced by planting spacing, the plants conducted at lower densities presented higher productivity, both of green fruits and accumulated productivity.Plants submitted to lower planting density produced fruits with higher dry matter, but these were smaller in size, but without significant difference for those submitted to lower density. It wasconcluded that productivity is directly affected by fig planting density, but not all the qualitative aspects of the fruits were affected.

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Yield and quality of tomato grown in a hydroponic system, with different planting densities and number of bunches per plant

Pesquisa Agropecuária Tropical ◽

10.1590/1983-40632018v4852611 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 48 (4) ◽

pp. 340-349 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Flávio Barcellos Cardoso ◽

Herminia Emilia Prieto Martinez ◽

Derly José Henriques da Silva ◽

Carla do Carmo Milagres ◽

José Geraldo Barbosa

Keyword(s):

Fruit Quality ◽

Plant Density ◽

Irrigation System ◽

Block Design ◽

Total Yield ◽

Fresh Mass ◽

Planting Density ◽

High Yield ◽

Hydroponic System

ABSTRACT Obtaining a high yield of good quality fruits is one of the main challenges of the tomato crop. The enhancement in plant density promotes a reduction in the fruit fresh mass and an increase the yield per area. On the other hand, commercialization parameters take into account number and fresh mass of fruits. This study aimed at evaluating the yield and fruit quality of indeterminate growth hybrid tomato (Rebeca), cultivated in a hydroponic system, with different planting densities and number of bunches per plant. The experiment was conducted under greenhouse conditions, in a sub-irrigation system containing expanded clay as substrate. A split-plot randomized block design, with three replications, was used. In the plots, four planting densities (11.1 plants m-2, 8.3 plants m-2, 6.6 plants m-2 and 5.5 plants m-2) were allocated and, in the subplots, the number of bunches per plant (one or two). The total yield was influenced by the interaction planting density x number of bunches per plant. The treatment that allowed the highest yield was 11.1 plants m-2 with two bunches, with 22.61 kg m-2 or 226.1 t ha-1, in a crop cycle of 134 days. The observed variations for the nutrient contents of leaves and fruits of tomato plants with one or two bunches, at densities of 5.5-11.1 plants m-2, do not compromise the fruit quality nor influence the production of tradable fruits, using the hydroponic system.

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Liquid Corn and Fish Fertilizers Are Good Options for Fertigation in Blackberry Cultivars Grown in an Organic Production System

HortScience ◽

10.21273/hortsci.50.2.225 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 50 (2) ◽

pp. 225-233 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Javier Fernandez-Salvador ◽

Bernadine C. Strik ◽

David R. Bryla

Keyword(s):

Fruit Quality ◽

Production System ◽

Organic Fertilizer ◽

Corn Steep Liquor ◽

Total Yield ◽

Fruit Weight ◽

Organic Production ◽

Soluble Solids ◽

Nutrient Concentrations ◽

The Impact

The impact of organic fertilizer source on the growth, fruit quality, and yield of blackberry (Rubus L. subgenus Rubus Watson) cultivars (Marion and Black Diamond) grown in a machine-harvested, organic production system for the processed market was evaluated from 2011 to 2013. The planting was established in Spring 2010 using approved practices for organic production and was certified in 2012. Plants were irrigated using a dripline under a woven polyethylene groundcover (weed mat) installed for weed management. Two sources of liquid fertilizer were evaluated: 1) a corn steep liquor and fish waste digestion blend (“corn”; 2.5N–1.1P–1.2K); and 2) a fish solubles and molasses blend (“fish”; 4N–0P–1.7K). Fertilizers were applied by fertigation through the drip system at rates of 56 kg·ha−1 nitrogen (N) per year in 2011–12 and 90 kg·ha−1 N in 2013. The impact of fertigation on drip system performance was evaluated with two maintenance options, “flushing” and “no flushing” of the driplines. Total yield differed among years, whereas fruit soluble solids concentration and firmness as well as floricane biomass at pruning showed a year × cultivar interaction. ‘Black Diamond’ had greater total yield and average fruit weight than ‘Marion’, but produced a greater proportion unmarketable fruit. There was no effect of fertilizer source on yield, fruit quality, primocane length, or primocanes/plant in any year with the exception of fruit weight, which was greater with corn than with fish. ‘Marion’ had a greater floricane biomass when fertilized with fish than with corn. Soil nutrients were within the recommended range, except for boron (B), which was below recommended levels. Only soil nitrate-N was affected by fertilizer source, which was greater in ‘Marion’ than in ‘Black Diamond’ when fertilized with fish. Primocane leaf tissue nutrient concentrations were within recommended levels for all nutrients, except for calcium (Ca) and B, which were below recommended standards in both cultivars. Primocane leaf potassium (K) and zinc (Zn) concentrations were greater with fish than with corn. There was no fertilizer source or maintenance effect on emitter flow rate of the drip system in either year. However, flow rates decreased an average of 4.5% in the first year and 19% in the second year. Overall, there were no differences between the fertilizers on plant growth, yield, or fruit quality, and both fertilizers were suitable for planting establishment.

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Yield and Fruit Quality of Strawberry Cultivars under Different Irrigation Regimes

Agronomy ◽

10.3390/agronomy11020261 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (2) ◽

pp. 261

Author(s):

María Teresa Ariza ◽

Luis Miranda ◽

José Antonio Gómez-Mora ◽

Juan Jesús Medina ◽

David Lozano ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Fruit Quality ◽

Environmental Sustainability ◽

Water Productivity ◽

Production Cycle ◽

High Productivity ◽

Yield Efficiency ◽

Significant Yield ◽

Water Treatments ◽

Strawberry Cultivars

Strawberry (Fragaria×ananassa Duch.) production requires the input of large amounts of water provided by irrigation during the entire production cycle. However, water availability is shrinking in many important strawberry cropping areas, such as Huelva (in Europe), compromising the environmental sustainability and economic viability of strawberry production. Besides technical approaches, water-saving strategies are necessary for improving strawberry water productivity such as the use of low water-consumptive cultivars with high productivity or cultivars allowing deficit irrigation (DI) strategies. A two-year field experiment was conducted to compare the physiological and agronomical response of six commercial strawberry cultivars (‘Sabrina’, ‘Fortuna’, ‘Splendor’, ‘Primoris’, ‘Rabida’ and ‘Rociera’) to six different water treatments ranging from 65% to 140% of estimated ‘Sabrina’ evapotranspiration (ETcSab; ~224–510 mm year−1). Cultivars differed substantially in yield and water consumption linked to their biomass partitioning into reproductive/ vegetative organs, determining different yield efficiency (YE). Their water needs (IN) conditioned their response to different water supplies, involving significant yield losses in DI treatments (<20% IN) but not decreasing fruit quality. The highly-consumptive and productive ‘Rabida’ and ‘Rociera’, reduced yields by DI (<40%) but were still profitable; the low-water-consumptive but still productive ‘Fortuna’, ‘Splendor’ and ‘Primoris’ represent significant water-savings (<20%) in strawberry cultivation.

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