scholarly journals First report of Davaneidae and Strongylida parasitizing Ramphocelus carbo (Aves: Passeriformes: Thraupidae) in the southwest of the Brazilian Amazon region

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Leandro Siqueira de Souza ◽  
Edson Guilherme ◽  
Saba Gul ◽  
Angela Maria Fortes de Andrade ◽  
Francisco Glauco de Araújo Santos
Keyword(s):  
Brazilian Amazon ◽  
Amazon Region ◽  
The State ◽  
Wild Birds ◽  
Ecological Niches ◽  
Parasite Transmission ◽  
Fecal Samples ◽  
Parasitic Fauna ◽  
Brazilian Amazon Region ◽  
First Time

Abstract In Brazil, species of the genus Ramphocelus with the presence of various endoparasites have already been reported. Coccidia have been the parasites most frequently found. All species of this genus have similar habitats and ecological niches, which makes parasite transmission easy. The aim of this study was to diagnose the presence of endoparasites in fecal samples from specimens of Ramphocelus carbo that were caught in the Cazumbá-Iracema Extractive Reserve (Cazumbá Resex), in the State of Acre. The specimens (n = 30) were caught in mist nets arranged in different ecosystems of the Reserve. After identification, the bird specimens were placed in cloth bags for a maximum of 30 minutes to collect feces. Among the 22 samples collected, 63.63% (n = 14) were positive for endoparasites. The coccidia were the parasites most frequently. Helminths belonging to Ascaridiidae (Nematoda), Strongylida (Nematoda) and Davaneidae (Cestoda) were recorded for the first time in R. carbo in the State of Acre. Parasites belonging to Strongylida and Davaneidae were recorded for the first time in a species of Ramphocelus. These findings add information on the parasitic fauna of wild birds, since in the Amazon region there are few studies on this subject.

scholarly journals Culicoides castelloni sp. nov. from the Brazilian Amazon Region with a revision of the reticulatus species group (Diptera, Ceratopogonidae)

2015 ◽  
Vol 87 (2) ◽  
pp. 955-972 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Clara A. Santarém ◽  
Emanuelle S. Farias ◽  
Maria Luiza Felippe-Bauer
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
New Records ◽  
Brazilian Amazon ◽  
Species Group ◽  
Amazon Region ◽  
The State ◽  
Brazilian Amazon Region ◽  
A New Species

A new species of the reticulatus species group, C. castelloni Santarém and Felippe-Bauer, is described and illustrated based on female specimens from the state of Amazonas, Brazil. A systematic key, wing photographs and table with numerical characters of females and a synopsis of 24 species of the Culicoides reticulatus group are presented. This paper presents further new records for seven species of the reticulatus group.

scholarly journals Plasmodium vivax resistance to chloroquine (R2) and mefloquine (R3) in Brazilian Amazon region

1999 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 67-68 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria das Graças C. Alecrim ◽  
Wilson Alecrim ◽  
Vanize Macêdo
Keyword(s):  
Plasmodium Vivax ◽  
Brazilian Amazon ◽  
Amazon Region ◽  
Clinical Criteria ◽  
Brazilian Amazon Region ◽  
Criteria For Diagnosis ◽  
First Time

We report for the first time a patient with malaria due to Plasmodium vivax who showed R2 resistance to chloroquine and R3 resistance to mefloquine in the Brazilian Amazon region based on WHO clinical criteria for diagnosis of malaria resistance. Failure was observed with unsupervised oral chloroquine, chloroquine under rigorous supervision and mefloquine in the same scheme. Finally, the patient was cured with oral artesunate.

scholarly journals Prevalence of antibodies to equine alphaviruses in the State of Pará, Brazil

2016 ◽  
Vol 83 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexandre do Rosário Casseb ◽  
Thais Costa Brito ◽  
Maria Rogéria Menezes da Silva ◽  
Jannifer Oliveira Chiang ◽  
Lívia Caricio Martins ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hemagglutination Inhibition ◽  
Brazilian Amazon ◽  
Amazon Region ◽  
The State ◽  
Farm Animals ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Eastern Equine Encephalitis ◽  
Brazilian Amazon Region ◽  
Mayaro Virus ◽  
Western Equine Encephalitis

ABSTRACT: The State of Pará comprises 26% of Brazilian Amazon region, where a large diversity of arboviruses has been described. This study sought to assess the prevalence and distribution of hemagglutination inhibition (HI) antibodies against antigens of four alphaviruses (Togaviridae: Alphavirus ) from the species: Eastern equine encephalitis (EEEV), Western equine encephalitis (WEEV), Mayaro virus (MAYV), and Mucambo virus (MUCV) in 753 serum samples of horses in Pará State, Brazil. All investigated arboviruses were detected and indicate that horses are susceptible to these alphaviruses, and show evidences of their active circulation in farm animals in the Brazilian Amazon.

scholarly journals First report of Amblyomma latepunctatum and the second record of Ixodes luciae in the state of Acre, Brazil

2021 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Simone Delgado Tojal ◽  
Dionatas Ulises de Oliveira Meneguetti ◽  
Thiago Fernandes Martins ◽  
Marcelo Bahia Labruna ◽  
André de Abreu Rangel Aguirre ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Visual Search ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Brazilian Amazon ◽  
Amazon Region ◽  
The State ◽  
Ixodid Ticks ◽  
First Report ◽  
Forested Area ◽  
Brazilian Amazon Region ◽  
State Capital

Abstract The state of Acre is in the western part of the Brazilian Amazon region and few studies involving ticks are available. The aim of the present study was to provide the first report of occurrence of Amblyomma latepunctatum and the second record of Ixodes luciae in Acre. Ticks were collected in October 2020 inside an open forested area in the municipality of Rio Branco, the state capital of Acre. Ixodid ticks were identified according to their external morphological characteristics. Three specimens were found on the vegetation by means of a visual search and were identified as Amblyomma scalpturatum (one male and one female) and Amblyomma latepunctatum (one male). Another specimen was found parasitizing a Didelphis marsupialis female that was caught using a Tomahawk trap; this was identified as Ixodes luciae (one male). This first report of A. latepunctatum in the state of Acre increases the number of species recorded here to 22. In addition, presence of I. luciae is confirmed in this state (second record), in the western Brazilian Amazon region.

scholarly journals HIV epidemic in a province of the Brazilian Amazon region: Temporal trend analysis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adriana De Sá Pinheiro ◽  
Sandra Souza Lima ◽  
Glenda Roberta Oliveira Naiff Ferreira ◽  
Alexsandra Rodrigues Feijão ◽  
Richardson Augusto Rosendo da Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Trend Analysis ◽  
Temporal Trend ◽  
Brazilian Amazon ◽  
Amazon Region ◽  
The State ◽  
Hiv Incidence ◽  
Hiv Epidemic ◽  
Brazilian Amazon Region ◽  
Hiv Aids

Background: Although considerable progress has been made over the last decades, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) incidence and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) mortality rates have remarkably increased in the Brazilian Amazon region. Here, we employed temporal analysis to determine the impact of public policies on the HIV epidemic in the state of Pará, Brazil, which has the second highest HIV incidence rate in the Amazon region.Design and Methods: This is an ecological study conducted in the state of Pará, employing secondary data of HIV/AIDS cases notified to the Information System for Notifiable Diseases, 2007–2018. The following epidemiological variables were collected: year of notification, municipality of residence, age, sex, education, exposure category, and HIV/AIDS diagnostic criteria. The study population was composed of 21,504 HIV/AIDS cases. The HIV/AIDS incidence rates were analyzed employing the temporal trend analysis (TTA) followed by the chi-square test and residue analysis to determine the association between the epidemiological variables and time series periods.Results: A total of 50% of the notifications were composed of AIDS cases. TTA identified two periods in HIV/AIDS incidence, with stabilization of cases in the first period (G1, 2007–2012) and an upward trend in the second period (G2, 2012–2018). The most prevalent epidemiological characteristics in G2 (versus G1) were as follows: young people, brown skin color, higher schooling, and homosexuals.Conclusion: Public policy to control HIV infection in the Brazilian Amazon region has been partially effective. HIV screening tests and treatment should be made widely available to eradicate HIV infection in the Amazon region by 2030.

The genus Peckia Robineau-Desvoidy (Diptera: Sarcophagidae) in the Brazilian Amazon: a new species, new records, descriptions of female terminalia and key to species

Zootaxa ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 4483 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
SOFIA LINS LEAL XAVIER DE CAMARGO ◽  
FERNANDO DA SILVA CARVALHO-FILHO ◽  
MARIA CRISTINA ESPOSITO
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
New Records ◽  
Brazilian Amazon ◽  
Amazon Region ◽  
Key To Species ◽  
Brazilian Amazon Region ◽  
First Time ◽  
A New Species ◽  
Flesh Flies

Flesh flies of the genus Peckia Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830 were studied from the Brazilian Amazon region. The male terminalia of all species are illustrated. The female terminalia are described and illustrated for all species for which the female is known. The female terminalia of six species are described for the first time; those of seven species are redescribed and documented through new illustrations. A new species of the subgenus Pattonella Enderlein, 1928, Peckia (Pattonella) juruti sp. nov., is described. It is similar to Peckia (Pattonella) smarti (Lopes, 1941) in the shape of the cercus and distiphallus, but differs in the shape of the gonites, juxta and capitis. Peckia (Peckia) hillifera (Aldrich, 1916) is recorded from Brazil for the first time; Peckia (Euboettcheria) florencioi (Prado & Fonseca, 1932) is newly reported for the Brazilian Amazon. A key to the 21 species of Peckia so far recorded from the Brazilian Amazon is provided, allowing the identification of both sexes where known. The females of only five of these species remain unknown. 

scholarly journals Evaluation of Histidine-Rich Proteins 2 and 3 Gene Deletions in Plasmodium falciparum in Endemic Areas of the Brazilian Amazon

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 123
Author(s):  
Leandro Góes ◽  
Nathália Chamma-Siqueira ◽  
José Mário Peres ◽  
José Maria Nascimento ◽  
Suiane Valle ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plasmodium Falciparum ◽  
Gene Deletion ◽  
Brazilian Amazon ◽  
Amazon Region ◽  
The State ◽  
Molecular Surveillance ◽  
Gene Deletions ◽  
Exon 2 ◽  
Brazilian Amazon Region ◽  
Endemic Areas

Histidine-rich proteins 2 and 3 gene (pfhrp2 and pfhrp3) deletions affect the efficacy of rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs) based on the histidine-rich protein 2 (HRP2), compromising the correct identification of the Plasmodium falciparum species. Therefore, molecular surveillance is necessary for the investigation of the actual prevalence of this phenomenon and the extent of the disappearance of these genes in these areas and other South American countries, thus guiding national malaria control programs on the appropriate use of RDTs. This study aimed to evaluate the pfhrp2 and pfhrp3 gene deletion in P. falciparum in endemic areas of the Brazilian Amazon. Aliquots of DNA from the biorepository of the Laboratory of Basic Research in Malaria, Evandro Chagas Institute, with a positive diagnosis for P. falciparum infection as determined by microscopy and molecular assays, were included. Monoinfection was confirmed by nested-polymerase chain reaction assay, and DNA quality was assessed by amplification of the merozoite surface protein-2 gene (msp2). The pfhrp2 and pfhrp3 genes were amplified using primers for the region between exons 1 and 2 and for all extension of exon 2. Aliquots of DNA from 192 P. falciparum isolates were included in the study, with 68.7% (132/192) from the municipality of Cruzeiro do Sul (Acre) and 31.3% (60/192) from Manaus (Amazonas). Of this total, 82.8% (159/192) of the samples were considered of good quality. In the state of Acre, 71.7% (71/99) showed pfhrp2 gene deletion and 94.9% (94/99) showed pfhrp3 gene deletion, while in the state of Amazonas, 100.0% (60/60) of the samples showed pfhrp2 gene deletion and 98.3% (59/60) showed pfhrp3 gene deletion. Moreover, 79.8% (127/159) of isolates displayed gene deletion. Our findings confirm the presence of a parasite population with high frequencies of pfhrp2 and pfhrp3 gene deletions in the Brazilian Amazon region. This suggests reconsidering the use of HRP2-based RDTs in the Acre and Amazonas states and calls attention to the importance of molecular surveillance and mapping of pfhrp2/pfhrp3 deletions in this area and in other locations in the Amazon region to guarantee appropriate patient care, control and ultimately contribute to achieving P. falciparum malaria elimination.

scholarly journals Actinella species (Bacillariophyta) from an Amazon black water floodplain lake (Amazonas - Brazil)

2010 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 269-274 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sérgio Melo ◽  
Lezilda Carvalho Torgan ◽  
Stela Valenti Raupp
Keyword(s):  
Species Identification ◽  
Light Microscope ◽  
Brazilian Amazon ◽  
Water Systems ◽  
Amazon Region ◽  
Floodplain Lake ◽  
Black Water ◽  
Brazilian Amazon Region ◽  
First Time ◽  
Electronic Microscope

The genus Actinella Lewis was studied using planktonic samples from a black water floodplain lake in Central Amazon region. For species identification the taxa were morphological and morphometricaly analyzed on base in light microscope (LM) and scanning electronic microscope (SEM). Five species were registered: Actinella brasiliensis Grunow, A. guianensis Grunow, A. gracile Kociolek, A. mirabilis (Eulenstein ex Grunow) Grunow and A. robusta Hustedt. A. gracile is reported for the first time for Amazon State and black water systems and it is firstly documented with SEM. In addition, a review of geographic distribution of Actinella species in Brazilian Amazon region is given.

scholarly journals New records of ticks (Acari: Ixodidae) infesting wild birds in a forest fragment in Acre, Brazilian Amazon

2020 ◽  
pp. 2163-2170 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vanessa Lima de Souza ◽  
Thiago Fernandes Martins ◽  
Edson Guilherme ◽  
Francisco Glauco de Araújo Santos
Keyword(s):  
Veterinary Medicine ◽  
New Records ◽  
Animal Health ◽  
Brazilian Amazon ◽  
The State ◽  
Wild Birds ◽  
Forest Fragment ◽  
Animal Science ◽  
The University ◽  
First Time

This study aimed to expand knowledge about tick parasitism on wild birds in western Amazonia and provide additional records of species parasitized by ticks in the state of Acre. Birds were captured with mist nets from September 2016 to February 2017 at the Fazenda Experimental Catuaba, in Senador Guiomard, Acre State, Brazil, identified, and thoroughly inspected. Detected ticks were removed with tweezers, stored in labeled collectors containing 70% alcohol, and identified using a stereomicroscope with incident lighting and taxonomic keys at the Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine and Animal Health of the School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science of the University of São Paulo. In total, 203 wild birds were captured, comprising nine orders and 24 families. Among them, 24 birds (11.82%) belonging to 13 species were parasitized by 44 ticks at different stages: 26 Amblyomma sp. larvae, 10 Amblyomma nodosum nymphs, four Amblyomma longirostre nymphs, and four Amblyomma humerale nymphs. This study reports for the first time nine new species of birds as hosts of ticks of the genus Amblyomma in the state of Acre, namely: Monasa nigrifrons, Hypocnemis subflava, Dendrocincla fuliginosa, Sittasomus griseicapillus, Xiphorhynchus guttatoides, Poecilotriccus latirostris, Hemitriccus flammulatus, Ramphotrigon megacephalum, and Turdus amaurochalinus. This study also records, for the first time, A. nodosum ticks parasitizing R. megacephalum and A. humerale parasitizing Momotus momota, S. griseicapillus, and X. guttatoides.

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