Jobs in Global Value Chains: New Evidence for Four African Countries in International Perspective

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefan Pahl ◽  
Marcel P. Timmer ◽  
Reitze Gouma ◽  
Pieter J. Woltjer
Keyword(s):  
Global Value Chains ◽  
International Perspective ◽  
Value Chains ◽  
African Countries ◽  
New Evidence

The Dynamics of the Global Value Chains and Disruptive Technologies

2021 ◽  
pp. 203-217
Author(s):  
Michael Oluwaseun Olomu
Keyword(s):  
Large Population ◽  
Spillover Effect ◽  
Global Value Chains ◽  
Value Chains ◽  
Competitive Advantages ◽  
African Countries ◽  
Disruptive Technologies ◽  
Conceptual Shift ◽  
Innovation Practices

The advents of GVCs and disruptive technologies have provided alternative paths to industrialization and economic development for African countries, and with the transformation to digitalization now well under way, another conceptual shift is required to understand the evolving role of disruptive technologies in GVCs. It is evident that technological breakthroughs in the global markets have a spillover effect in the structural settings of African economies value chains, as lower tariffs and rapid technological changes have fragmented production across borders, but some African countries remain marginalized in GVCs. This study, therefore, attempts to preliminarily explain how African economies and markets capture value from disruptive technologies and create their competitive advantages within the global value chains context from the perspective of business-model innovation practices in African markets. Thus, developing African firms should not ignore those disruptive growth opportunities within the large population of mass customers and non-consumers in emerging economies.

scholarly journals Global value chains and technology transfer: new evidence from developing countries

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Davide Rigo
Keyword(s):  
Technology Transfer ◽  
Emerging Economies ◽  
Global Value Chains ◽  
Value Chains ◽  
Foreign Technology ◽  
Technology Firms ◽  
Transfer Of Technology ◽  
Enterprise Surveys ◽  
New Evidence ◽  
Positive Effect

Abstract International trade has long been considered a channel of technology transfer. This paper draws from the World Bank’s Enterprise Surveys to provide a sample of 18 developing and emerging economies to investigate whether global value chains (GVCs) are a vehicle for the transfer of technology. It focuses on one specific channel for technology transfer, namely, the licensing of foreign technology. To control for the possible endogeneity of technology licensing, propensity score matching is combined with a difference-in-differences approach. The results show a positive effect of being involved in two-way trading on the licensing of foreign technology. Firms that become two-way traders are significantly more likely to use foreign-licensed technology than firms starting to export or import. This evidence suggests that the complexity associated with the mode of internationalisation determines the licensing of foreign technology. GVC participation also appears to foster firms’ performance, reflecting my findings that the acquisition of foreign technology leads to significant productivity improvements.

scholarly journals Investigating ASEAN’s Participation in Global Value Chains: Production Fragmentation and Regional Integration

2021 ◽  
Vol 38 (02) ◽  
pp. 159-188
Author(s):  
SHENG ZHONG ◽  
BIN SU
Keyword(s):  
Economic Integration ◽  
Emerging Economies ◽  
Regional Integration ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Global Value Chains ◽  
Value Chains ◽  
Advanced Economies ◽  
New Evidence ◽  
Do So

This paper focuses on the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN)—a major final assembler in production—where studies and evidence on the role of the region in global value chains are limited. We seek to provide new evidence regarding the extent and patterns of international fragmentation in ASEAN. To do so, we derive the foreign value-added shares of final products for all global value chains of ASEAN. Using the Asian Development Bank’s multiregional input–output tables for 2000–2017, we document a series of stylized facts. The results show declining foreign value-added shares in ASEAN. Regional economic integration within ASEAN has increased, while value-added contributions vary widely across its members. We find evidence of increasing value-added contributions from emerging economies to ASEAN, whereas the contributions from advanced economies have declined.

scholarly journals AFRICAN ECONOMIC PARADOX: INDUSTRIALIZATION CREATING JOBS AND ADDED VALUE OR ACTIVE PARTICIPATION IN GLOBAL VALUE CHAINS: WHAT SOLUTIONS TO DEVELOP FOR THE LESS ADVANCED AND LANDLOCKED COUNTRIES LIKE BURKINA FASO?

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-20
Author(s):  
Nicolas Carbonell ◽  
Dr. Théophile Bindeouè Nassè ◽  
Dr. Denis Akouwerabou
Keyword(s):  
United Nations ◽  
Burkina Faso ◽  
Industrial Development ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Global Value Chains ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Value Chains ◽  
African Countries ◽  
The United Nations

The United Nations Economic Commission for Africa (2016) calls for resources for the implementation of the Action Plan for Accelerated Industrial Development in Africa, and states that: “Industrialization is essential for African countries as a means of increasing income, creating jobs, developing value-added activities and diversifying economies”. The United Nations Development Program (UNDP), the African Development Bank (AFDB), and the Organization for Cooperation and Economics Development (OCED, 2014, p. 16) explain the benefits to African countries’ participation in Global Value Chains (GVC) to industrialize without having to implement all stages of the chain. They add that the acquisition of new production capacities can allow countries and companies to move upmarket, which is to say to increase their share of value added in a GVC. But the opposite is the case, at least in some countries like Burkina Faso. We are witnessing a “specialization of primary products (cotton and non-monetary gold), to the detriment of manufacturing industry with high potential for multiplier effects on local economies” National Plan for Economic and Social Development of Burkina Faso (PNDES, 2017, p.12). Cusolito and al. (2016) mention that overcoming a series of obstacles (such as bad policies and governance, insufficient technology and skills) is the way to actively participate in GVCs. Yet OPEN it is these same obstacles that have always prevented the industrialization of Sub-Saharan Africa (excluding South Africa). The results show that the Global Value Chains (GVC) contribute to the creation of added value in developing countries what has an effect on industrialization

scholarly journals Global value chains: New evidence for North Africa

2018 ◽  
Vol 153 ◽  
pp. 42-54 ◽  
Author(s):  
Davide Del Prete ◽  
Giorgia Giovannetti ◽  
Enrico Marvasi
Keyword(s):  
North Africa ◽  
Global Value Chains ◽  
Value Chains ◽  
New Evidence

scholarly journals FDI, Global Value Chains, and Local Sourcing in Developing Countries

2017 ◽  
Vol 17 (284) ◽  
Author(s):  
Vito Amendolagine ◽  
Andrea Presbitero ◽  
Roberta Rabellotti ◽  
Marco Sanfilippo ◽  
Adnan Seric
Keyword(s):  
Global Value Chains ◽  
Value Chains ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Host Countries ◽  
African Countries ◽  
Firm Level ◽  
Foreign Investors ◽  
Level Data ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
Local Sourcing

The local sourcing of intermediate products is one the main channels for foreign direct investment (FDI) spillovers. This paper investigates whether and how participation and positioning in the global value chains (GVCs) of host countries is associated to local sourcing by foreign investors. Matching two firm-level data sets of 19 Sub-Saharan African countries and Vietnam to country-sector level measures of GVC involvement, we find that more intense GVC participation and upstream specialization are associated to a higher share of inputs sourced locally by foreign investors. These effects are larger in countries with stronger rule of law and better education.

scholarly journals SMEs’ competitiveness and international trade in the era of Global Value Chains (GVCs) in Tanzania: An assessment and future challenges

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. e325
Author(s):  
Francis Lwesya
Keyword(s):  
International Trade ◽  
Small And Medium Enterprises ◽  
Trade Openness ◽  
Global Value Chains ◽  
Economic Transformation ◽  
Value Chains ◽  
Trade Policies ◽  
African Countries ◽  
Trading Systems ◽  
Medium Enterprises

International trade continues to play a crucial role in economic transformation in African countries. The rise of Global Value Chains (GVCs) presents opportunities through which international trade can be effectively conducted. GVCs facilitate organization of trade, international production and investment by locating different stages of production process across varied countries. This presents opportunities to integrate Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) into global trading systems but also may generate challenges particularly to resource constrained SMEs. Reviewing the challenges for the participation in international trade and possible integration into GVCs by Tanzania’s SMEs, the results show that the major challenges for SMEs internationalization are international marketing related constraints and global competition (69%), supply side constraints (56%), unfriendly investment climate (50%) and financial constraints (37.5%). As such, the role of trade policies remains critical in mitigating some of these challenges through formulating friendly legal and regulatory frameworks, enhancing SMEs productivity by building their managerial and technical capacities, minimizing trade costs, and increasing trade openness. However, given the current global, regional and domestic developments in Tanzania, trade policies need review so as to respond to the changing global trade landscape but also promote policy harmony, coherence and complementarities among varying implementing institutions, deficiency of which is debilitating policy implementation at present

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