scholarly journals AFRICAN ECONOMIC PARADOX: INDUSTRIALIZATION CREATING JOBS AND ADDED VALUE OR ACTIVE PARTICIPATION IN GLOBAL VALUE CHAINS: WHAT SOLUTIONS TO DEVELOP FOR THE LESS ADVANCED AND LANDLOCKED COUNTRIES LIKE BURKINA FASO?

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-20
Author(s):  
Nicolas Carbonell ◽  
Dr. Théophile Bindeouè Nassè ◽  
Dr. Denis Akouwerabou
Keyword(s):  
United Nations ◽  
Burkina Faso ◽  
Industrial Development ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Global Value Chains ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Value Chains ◽  
African Countries ◽  
The United Nations

The United Nations Economic Commission for Africa (2016) calls for resources for the implementation of the Action Plan for Accelerated Industrial Development in Africa, and states that: “Industrialization is essential for African countries as a means of increasing income, creating jobs, developing value-added activities and diversifying economies”. The United Nations Development Program (UNDP), the African Development Bank (AFDB), and the Organization for Cooperation and Economics Development (OCED, 2014, p. 16) explain the benefits to African countries’ participation in Global Value Chains (GVC) to industrialize without having to implement all stages of the chain. They add that the acquisition of new production capacities can allow countries and companies to move upmarket, which is to say to increase their share of value added in a GVC. But the opposite is the case, at least in some countries like Burkina Faso. We are witnessing a “specialization of primary products (cotton and non-monetary gold), to the detriment of manufacturing industry with high potential for multiplier effects on local economies” National Plan for Economic and Social Development of Burkina Faso (PNDES, 2017, p.12). Cusolito and al. (2016) mention that overcoming a series of obstacles (such as bad policies and governance, insufficient technology and skills) is the way to actively participate in GVCs. Yet OPEN it is these same obstacles that have always prevented the industrialization of Sub-Saharan Africa (excluding South Africa). The results show that the Global Value Chains (GVC) contribute to the creation of added value in developing countries what has an effect on industrialization

scholarly journals National industrial competence and global added value chains: methodological instrumentarium of macroeconomic analysis

2021 ◽  
pp. 40-52
Author(s):  
Sergey A. Tolkachev ◽  
◽  
Artyom Y. Teplyakov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Industrial Development ◽  
Manufacturing Industry ◽  
Global Value Chains ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Value Chains ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Macroeconomic Analysis ◽  
The World ◽  
Manufacturing Activity ◽  
Production Value

In the context of the developing global economic crisis, it is important to have an adequate methodological toolkit for the global positioning of the manufacturing industry in different countries of the world in the production value chains. In this work, the authors made an attempt to further develop their own concept that solves this problem. A methodology for calculating indices reflecting the dynamics of national industrial competence “in the context” of the integration of the country’s manufacturing industries into global value chains is presented. The calculations and conclusions are based on the OECD TiVA statistical database (2018). The tendencies of industrial development of thirty economies of the world, including the Russian one, were identified, taking into account their “embedding” in global value chains. So, if the manufacturing industry of Russia, participating in the international division of labor, manages to maintain an average level of general national industrial competence, then its strategic positions associated with the development of high-tech industries can be qualified as “outsider”. The author’s methodology seems promising in terms of assessing the global economic positioning of countries and formulating recommendations for national regulators of manufacturing activity.

scholarly journals Assessing the Involvement of Industries in Global Value Chains

2021 ◽  
Vol 126 ◽  
pp. 03001
Author(s):  
Viktoriia Khaustova ◽  
Olena Reshetnyak ◽  
Mykyta Khaustov ◽  
Taras Danko ◽  
Natalia Danko
Keyword(s):  
Manufacturing Industry ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Global Value Chains ◽  
Graphical Analysis ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Value Chains ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Virtual Absence ◽  
Export Structure ◽  
The Government

The purpose of the article is to assess the involvement of industries in global value chains and determine the prospects for intensification of these processes. The research methods are statistical analysis, comparison, graphical analysis. The role of export volumes of high value-added products, their enclosing in global value chains is determined. A methodical approach to assessing the involvement of industries in global value chains is proposed, allowing to detect the state of the country’s involvement in the international distribution of labour in concordance with specific industries. The analysis of the structure of exports of industries on the example of Ukraine is carried out. the industries that have a significant export share both in the total exports and in the structure of production output are determined. The leading indicators of the country’s involvement in global value chains are computed, as follows: the national added value in the country’s exports by industries, the contribution of specific industry sectors of the economy to the national added value of gross exports, the share of the national added value in exports of industries in the total national added value of gross exports. The positioning of industries within the coordinate system «share in the export structure - share of the national added value in exports» is carried out. It is determined that the share of national added value in exports of extractive industries of Ukraine is higher compared to the average of the world countries in this research. At the same time, being lower in the industries of the manufacturing industry, thus justifying the virtual absence of knowledge-intensive and innovative stages of production of the manufacturing industry, which necessitates a deeper specialization in the exports of low-grade products. The directions of a rational integration of the Ukrainian economy into global value chains are substantiated. The measures to be assumed on the part of the government policy to intensify the involvement of Ukrainian producers in global value chains are proposed.

scholarly journals Effect of Technological Innovation Inputs on Global Value Chains Status

2021 ◽  
Vol 29 (5) ◽  
pp. 37-54
Author(s):  
Shuili Yang ◽  
Yang Yi
Keyword(s):  
Industrial Development ◽  
Manufacturing Industry ◽  
Applied Research ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Basic Research ◽  
Global Value Chains ◽  
Moderating Effect ◽  
Value Chains ◽  
Development Environment ◽  
Long Run

Under the backdrop of the continuous escalation of the Sino—U.S. trade friction, China's industrial development environment in global value chains (GVCs) has further deteriorated, research on the improvement GVC status of the Chinese manufacturing industry has become the focus of attention for industry and academia. The direction of R&D inputs are of utmost importance to the improvement of GVC status. However, comparatively little attention has been paid to this topic in existing studies. Following the production activity decomposition framework and combining with the World Input-Output Tables, the action mechanism of R&D inputs on GVC status from two aspects of industrial value-added and embedding position were analyzed, the moderating effect of digital servitization was demonstrated. Results show that: The input of applied research has inverted U-shaped influence on the industrial value-added, while it has U-shaped influence on embedding position; The input of basic research has U-shaped influence on the industrial value-added, while it has inverted U-shaped influence on embedding position; The moderating effect of digital servitization between R&D inputs and GVC status is significant, in the short term, the digital servitization can not only magnify the promotion effect of the applied research inputs on GVC status, but also shorten the lag period of basic research inputs on GVC status. In the long run, the digital servitization can not only weaken the marginalization trend of the applied research inputs on GVC status, but also enhance the positive feedback effect of basic research inputs on GVC status. This study is important for China to improve the GVC status.

scholarly journals United Nations Resolutions and the Struggle to Curb the Illicit Trade in Conflict Diamonds in Sub-Saharan Africa

2005 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 80-101 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mungbalemwe Koyame
Keyword(s):  
United Nations ◽  
The United States ◽  
International Community ◽  
United Nations Security Council ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
African Countries ◽  
Illicit Trade ◽  
Conflict Diamonds ◽  
Republic Of The Congo ◽  
The United Nations

AbstractThis article examines the extent to which revenues from the trade in rough diamonds have funded civil war in African countries and the difficulties encountered by the United Nations in putting an end to it. As case studies, the article considers the conflicts in Angola, the Democratic Republic of the Congo and Sierra Leone where the illicit trade in rough diamonds, also referred to as “conflict diamonds” or “blood diamonds,” provided most of the funds used by rebel groups in their war efforts. The article further examines the role played by the diamond industry, the international community and diamond importing countries such as the United States and Belgium in the trade of conflict diamonds. The article concludes that several resolutions passed by the United Nations Security Council concerning “conflict diamonds” were at times not successful because of indifference on the part of the international community.

Assessment of the positions of the exporting countries of agri-food products on the world market according to their role in global value chains

2021 ◽  
pp. 8-14
Author(s):  
Elena Yu. Frolova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Raw Materials ◽  
Action Plan ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Global Value Chains ◽  
World Market ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Value Chains ◽  
Agricultural Exports ◽  
Export Policy ◽  
The World

The place in the rankings of agricultural exporting countries in world trade is estimated in terms of the volume of imports and exports of raw materials and food. However, to assess the efficiency of agricultural exports, it is important to analyze the value added of exported goods produced in the country. The position of the exporting country in global value chains is derived from the type of agricultural production, which in turn depends on the level of development of the national economy, the availability and breadth of use of modern high technologies. The article examines the concept of the development of world agriculture from the point of view of the formation of global value chains, set out in the report of the UN World Food Organization [1] in comparison with the political decisions of such countries as India and the People’s Republic of China in the development of agricultural and food exports. The paper analyzes the risks associated with the consolidation of developing countries as suppliers of agricultural raw materials, as well as the conditions and action plan that allow the country-exporter of agricultural raw materials to move to higher levels in the global value chains on the world market. This experience should be considered to make comprehensive and effective decisions on the formation of the export policy of agricultural products and food of the Russian Federation, considering the food security of the country.

Statement: Africanist and Jewish

1975 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 47-47
Author(s):  
Richard L. Sklar ◽  
Michael F. Lofchie
Keyword(s):  
United Nations ◽  
Jewish People ◽  
African Countries ◽  
Good Will ◽  
African Group ◽  
The United Nations

Twenty-eight African states, over sixty percent of the African group at the United Nations, have voted to condemn Zionism as “a form of racism.” Five African countries opposed the resolution and twelve abstained. People of good will do disagree about the merits of particular Israeli policies. The meaning of Zionism is also a matter of serious debate in Jewish and intercultural circles. But to identify Zionism with racism is nothing less than an act of hostility toward the Jewish people. Sadly, the African states contributed as much as any other regional bloc to the perpetration of this act.

Russia–ASEAN: Trade and Global Value Chains

2015 ◽  
pp. 25-39
Author(s):  
K. Muradov
Keyword(s):  
South Korea ◽  
Value Chain ◽  
Bilateral Trade ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Global Value Chains ◽  
Trade Flows ◽  
Value Chains ◽  
Trade Data ◽  
Traded Goods ◽  
Trade In Value Added

Traditional trade statistics that originate in customs records is inadequate to measure the complex interdependencies in today’s globalized economy, or what is known as the global value chains. The article focuses on Russia–ASEAN trade. The author applies innovative methods of measuring trade in value added terms in order to capture the unobserved bilateral linkages behind the officially recorded trade flows. First, customs and balance of payments sources of bilateral trade data are briefly reviewed. For user, there are at least two inherent problems in those data: the inconsistencies in “mirror” trade flows and the attribution of the origin of a traded product wholly to the exporting country. This results in large discrepancies between Russian and ASEAN “mirror” trade data and, arguably, their low importance as each other’s trade partners. Next, the author explores new data from inter-country input-output tables that necessarily reconcile bilateral differences and offer greater detail about the national and sectoral origin or destination of traded goods and services. Relevant data are derived from the OECD-WTO TiVA database and are rearranged to obtain various estimates of Russia–ASEAN trade in value added in 2009. The main finding is that sizable amount of the value added of Russian origin is embodied in third countries’ exports to ASEAN members and ASEAN members’ exports to third countries. As a result, the cumulative flow of Russia’s value added to ASEAN members is estimated to be 62% larger than the direct gross exports, whereas for China and South Korea it is, respectively, 21% and 23% smaller. The indirect, unobserved value added flows can be largely explained by the use of Russian energy resources, chemicals and metals as imported inputs in third countries (China, South Korea) and ASEAN members’ own production. The contribution of these inputs is then accumulated along the value chain. Finally, the most important sectoral value chains are visualized for readers’ convenience. So far, it’s apparent that Russia is linked to ASEAN countries through intricate production networks and indirectly contributes to their trade with third countries.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document