scholarly journals A cooperative heterogeneous vehicular clustering framework for efficiency improvement

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (9) ◽  
pp. 1247-1259
Author(s):  
Iftikhar Ahmad ◽  
Rafidah Md Noor ◽  
Zaheed Ahmed ◽  
Umm-e-Habiba ◽  
Naveed Akram ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Communication Networks ◽  
Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Simulation Environment ◽  
Traffic Efficiency ◽  
Dedicated Short Range Communication ◽  
Micro Level ◽  
Hoc Networks

AbstractHeterogeneous vehicular clustering integrates multiple types of communication networks to work efficiently for various vehicular applications. One popular form of heterogeneous network is the integration of long-term evolution (LTE) and dedicated short-range communication. The heterogeneity of such a network infrastructure and the non-cooperation involved in sharing cost/data are potential problems to solve. A vehicular clustering framework is one solution to these problems, but the framework should be formally verified and validated before being deployed in the real world. To solve these issues, first, we present a heterogeneous framework, named destination and interest-aware clustering, for vehicular clustering that integrates vehicular ad hoc networks with the LTE network for improving road traffic efficiency. Then, we specify a model system of the proposed framework. The model is formally verified to evaluate its performance at the functional level using a model checking technique. To evaluate the performance of the proposed framework at the micro-level, a heterogeneous simulation environment is created by integrating state-of-the-art tools. The comparison of the simulation results with those of other known approaches shows that our proposed framework performs better.

scholarly journals METRICS FOR PERFORMANCE EVALUATION OF SAFETY APPLICATIONS IN VEHICULAR AD HOC NETWORKS

Transport ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 291-298 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saleh Yousefi ◽  
Mahmood Fathy
Keyword(s):  
Performance Evaluation ◽  
Ad Hoc Network ◽  
Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Message Exchange ◽  
To Come ◽  
Hoc Networks ◽  
Safety Applications

In the recent years, direct message exchange between vehicles in order to improve the safety of road traffic has been attracting lots of interest in both networking and road safety communities. While travelling on a road, vehicles form an ad hoc network called Vehicular Ad hoc NETwork (VANET) and deploy life safety applications. Evaluating the performance of these applications is primordial for realizing VANETs in real life. Current literature lacks efficient ways to evaluate the performance of safety applications and mostly leverages on classical networking metrics like delay, delivery rate etc. In this paper, we consider both networking and safety concerns simultaneously to come up with more efficient methods. In particular, we first point out the significance of fairness and coverage from safety viewpoint. Then, we introduce two new metrics called beaconing rate and effective range aiming at providing more facilities for safety performance evaluation in VANET s research. Furthermore, realizing special characteristics of safety applications while disseminating beacon messages, we study the way that beacon dissemination protocols affect the performance of safety applications. We then conduct extensive simulation study to show the usefulness of the introduced metrics and derive some insights on the feasibility of driver‐assistant safety applications. Our evaluation also shows that sending the aggregated status of neighbouring vehicles in addition to vehicle's own status, and instead, increasing beacon transmission interval may be invoked in order to assist safety applications in providing satisfactory services to drivers.

scholarly journals Performance evaluation of mdora protocol in vehicular ad-hoc networks

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 1674
Author(s):  
Dania Mohammed ◽  
Ahmed Ghanim Wadday
Keyword(s):  
Routing Protocol ◽  
Ad Hoc Network ◽  
Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Random Distribution ◽  
Simulation Environment ◽  
Matlab Program ◽  
Unit Value ◽  
Hoc Networks ◽  
Vehicle Movement

the successful solutions used to manage traffic at intersections is the Vehicular ad hoc Network (VANET). The main problems in VANET are the preparation of the blocked route, repeated topology differences, and continuous vehicle movement. These problems are difficult to route data towards destinations. To work around this problem, use the Position-Based Routing Protocol (MDORA) name. One of the objectives of this protocol is to choose the best way to rely on the jump by the jump and on the footing of the farthest dis-tance of the interface from the source, thus ensuring the full transfer of data. This protocol reduces frequent connections by detecting the following packets and sending packets without first discovering the path. The environment is simulated by the Matlab program to show protocol results. The random distribution of nodes generation in the simulation environment has been changed in order to change con-tract locations compared to the first state of simulation and to show new result in second state of the protocol. as well The time unit value is also changed to reach the ratio of the number of dropped packets.  

Proactive Traffic Merging Strategies for Sensor-Enabled Cars

2010 ◽  
pp. 180-199 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ziyuan Wang ◽  
Lars Kulik ◽  
Kotagiri Ramamohanarao
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Flow ◽  
Traffic Control ◽  
Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Control Strategies ◽  
The Road ◽  
Lack Of Information ◽  
Travel Delay ◽  
Hoc Networks

Congestion is a major challenge in today’s road traffic. The primary cause is bottlenecks such as ramps leading onto highways, or lane blockage due to obstacles. In these situations, the road capacity reduces because several traffic streams merge to fewer streams. Another important factor is the non-coordinated driving behavior resulting from the lack of information or the intention to minimize the travel time of a single car. This chapter surveys traffic control strategies for optimizing traffic flow on highways, with a focus on more adaptive and flexible strategies facilitated by current advancements in sensor-enabled cars and vehicular ad hoc networks (VANETs). The authors investigate proactive merging strategies assuming that sensor-enabled cars can detect the distance to neighboring cars and communicate their velocity and acceleration among each other. Proactive merging strategies can significantly improve traffic flow by increasing it up to 100% and reduce the overall travel delay by 30%.

Traffic-Centric Mesoscopic Analysis of Connectivity in VANETs

2019 ◽  
Vol 63 (2) ◽  
pp. 203-219 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mani Zarei
Keyword(s):  
Steady State ◽  
Traffic Flow ◽  
Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Mobility Model ◽  
Network Simulator ◽  
Expected Time ◽  
Distance Distributions ◽  
Hoc Networks

Abstract Vehicular ad hoc networks (VANETs) have emerged as an appropriate class of information propagation technology promising to link us even while moving at high speeds. In VANETs, a piece of information propagates through consecutive connections. In the most previous vehicular connectivity analysis, the provided probability density function of intervehicle distance throughout the wide variety of steady-state traffic flow conditions is surprisingly invariant. But, using a constant assumption, generates approximate communication results, prevents us from improving the performance of the current solutions and impedes designing the new applications on VANETs. Hence, in this paper, a mesoscopic vehicular mobility model in a multilane highway with a steady-state traffic flow condition is adopted. To model a traffic-centric distribution for the spatial per-hop progress and the expected spatial per-hop progress, different intervehicle distance distributions are utilized. Moreover, the expected number of hops, distribution of the number of successful multihop forwarding, the expected time delay and the expected connectivity distance are mathematically investigated. Finally, to model the distribution of the connectivity distances, a set of simplistic closed-form traffic-centric equations is proposed. The accuracy of the proposed model is confirmed using an event-based network simulator as well as a road traffic simulator.

Efficient Mechanisms and Performance Analysis of Routing Protocols in VANETs for Realistic Scenarios

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 20-49 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christos Bouras ◽  
Vaggelis Kapoulas ◽  
Enea Tsanai
Keyword(s):  
Ad Hoc Networks ◽  
Routing Protocols ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Traffic Efficiency ◽  
Pattern Movement ◽  
Manet Routing ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Hoc Networks

Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks (VANETs) are considered as a special case of mobile Ad Hoc Networks (MANETs) and are recently gaining a great attention from the research community. The need for improved road safety, traffic efficiency and direct communication along with the great complexity in routing, makes VANETs a highly challenging field. Routing in VANETs has to adapt to special characteristics such as high speed and road pattern movement as well as high linkage break probability. In this work, the authors show that traditional MANET routing protocols cannot efficiently handle the challenges in a VANET environment and thus need further modifications. For this reason, they propose and implement an enhancement mechanism, applied to the GPSR routing protocol that adapts to the needs of a VANET. The proposed mechanism's performance is evaluated through simulation sets for urban and highway scenarios and compared to the performance of the most common MANET routing protocols adopted in VANETs. The proposed enhancement is shown to be considerably beneficial and it significantly outperforms the rest of the tested routing protocols for almost every topology setting.

scholarly journals Traffic Deadlock Resolution System using Internet of Vehicles

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (9) ◽  
pp. 3041-3047
Keyword(s):  
Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Deep Understanding ◽  
Deadlock Detection ◽  
Internet Of Vehicles ◽  
The Road ◽  
Deadlock Resolution ◽  
On The Road ◽  
Hoc Networks

The number of vehicles on the road are increasing rapidly day by day, which leads to massive road congestions and traffic deadlocks. This paper proposes a model for an algorithm-based technique for efficient resolution of road traffic deadlocks, which would work on the technologies related to the Internet of Vehicles (IoV), while keeping the safe and efficient movement of vehicles along with the maintenance of constant communication with nearby vehicles and roadside infrastructure using Vehicular Ad-hoc Networks (VANETs). This would ultimately aid towards the optimization of road traffic, which is very much a need of the hour considering the ever-increasing amount of traffic on the roads today. We make use of two important phases, namely, Deadlock Detection Phase and Deadlock Resolution Phase in order to resolve traffic deadlocks. An equally important focus has been put towards a deep understanding of the motivation behind the efforts put in this paper by examining the present scenario of road traffic conditions and their resulting complications, and how the proposed model could potentially help resolve such complications. It also involves a brief discussion on VANETs, which provides an efficient means of connecting the vehicles together in a network for seamless communications

scholarly journals Efficient Multilevel Privacy Preserving Authentication Scheme for Emergency Message Communication in VANE

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (3.6) ◽  
pp. 216
Author(s):  
G Santhana Devi ◽  
M Germanus Alex
Keyword(s):  
Ad Hoc Networks ◽  
Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Privacy Preserving ◽  
Authentication Scheme ◽  
Single Level ◽  
Emergency Rescue ◽  
Message Communication ◽  
Hoc Networks

Vehicular ad hoc networks (VANETs) provide spontaneous traffic related and emergency rescue messages to its users of the route thereby enable them with the trouble-free driving. VANETs send emergency messages in times of exigencies that save people’s lives from disasters. Doing such times it has been a great challenge to ascertain the authentication and privacy of the messages that are broadcasted. Generally when the messages are broadcasted without accommodating privacy the confidential information’s like the vehicle’s id and location are exposed which adversely affect the users. In this paper to ensure privacy to the users we have recommended TA to provide a verification signature to all the vehicles which is mandatory for a vehicle for all its communication purpose. Normally in the existing schemes, the messages are provided with single level or bi level privacy features but, in the proposed scheme the emergency messages are provided with the multilevel privacy features. In the proposed scheme the TA provides a long term  Verification signature which is mandatory to all the vehicles that are registered under VANET and this signature is also necessary in receiving the secondary token and common token from RSU at each interval of time. The authentication of the message is verified with the help of common token and encrypted common token as a RSU Verification signature. Since the emergency messages require secure, timely and factual communication our proposed protocol EMPPA scheme recommend the distribution of multiple verification signatures and tokens at various interval of time, so that the privacy, security and the authentication of messages are ensured to the VANET users.  

scholarly journals Design of the Emergency Messages Integration for Vehicle to Everything (V2X) Communications of Connected Cars

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (3.33) ◽  
pp. 12
Author(s):  
Eom Young-Hyun ◽  
Inhwan Kim ◽  
Hyunmi Yoo ◽  
Sungguk Cho ◽  
Byungkook Jeon
Keyword(s):  
Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Emergency Situation ◽  
Traffic Jam ◽  
Safety Message ◽  
Car Accidents ◽  
Safety And Reliability ◽  
Connected Cars ◽  
Hoc Networks

So far, international standardization of message specifications between V2X(Vehicle to Everything) safety communications are BSM(Basic Safety Message) by US-led SAE and CAM(Cooperative Awareness Message)/DENM(Decentralized Environmental Notification Message) by EU-led ETSI. However, in the emergency situation such as car accidents or road traffic jam, there may be insufficient time to process all messages. In this paper, we propose an integration of emergency messages for V2X communications of connected vehicles in VANETs(Vehicular Ad hoc Networks), To do this, we are using the Mobile Virtual Fence(MVF), which has been preliminarily researched and developed. So we extract and integrate only emergency messages as the fields of similar messages between BSM and CAM/DENM, and apply it to the MVF. If it will be the connected MVFs like connected cars in the future and any traffic accident or traffic jam occurs, the proposed messages will be communicated to each other to avoid the accident. Therefore the proposed integration of emergency messages between BSM and CAM/DENM specification will be contribute to improve the safety and reliability as the unified and integrated emergency messages.  

Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks (VANETs)

2020 ◽  
pp. 224-239 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pavan Kumar Pandey ◽  
Vineet Kansal ◽  
Abhishek Swaroop
Keyword(s):  
Wireless Communication ◽  
Ad Hoc Networks ◽  
Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Data Communication ◽  
Daily Lives ◽  
Traffic Efficiency ◽  
Security Challenges ◽  
Significant Research ◽  
Hoc Networks

Over the past few years, there has been significant research interest in field of vehicular ad hoc networks (VANETs). Wireless communication over VANETs supports vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V), vehicle-to-infrastructure (V2I) communication. Such innovation in wireless communication has improved our daily lives through road safety, comfort driving, traffic efficiency. As special version of MANETs, VANETs bring several new challenges including routing and security challenges in data communication due to characteristics of high mobility, dynamic topology. Therefore, academia and the auto mobile industry are taking interest in several ongoing research projects to establish VANETs. The work presented here focuses on communication in VANETs with their routing and security challenges along with major application of VANETs in several areas.

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