Endoscopic ultrasonography is useful in the diagnosis and treatment of rectal neuroendocrine neoplasms: a case series

AbstractVisceral transplantation has been utilized as the most radical surgical treatment for neoplasms not amenable to conventional resection. The main indications for this procedure include mesenteric desmoid tumors threatening the root of mesentery and metastatic neuroendocrine neoplasms. Published case-series of visceral transplantation for such indications are reviewed in this article. Patients with desmoid tumors associated with familial adenomatous polyposis are transplanted with intestinal or multivisceral allografts. With surgical modification of technique, the native spleen is preserved while duodenopancreatic complex is removed to obviate the risk of malignant transformation of duodenal polyposis after transplantation. Preservation of spleen decreased incidence of post-transplant lymphoproliferative disorder, conferring therapeutic advantage. Patient survival is comparable to that of other indications, and desmoid tumor recurrence has been observed in the recipient tissue but not in the donor allograft. For visceral transplantation of metastatic neuroendocrine neoplasms, the majority of these patients have diffuse liver involvement, thus requiring full multivisceral transplantation. Post-transplant patient survival is acceptable with limited data available on recurrence. Autotransplantation following ex vivo tumor resection using visceral allografts has been also performed in a limited, select cohort of patients with various pathologies. Adenocarcinomas are associated with a prohibitive recurrence rate following the procedure, and its use for this indication is therefore not recommended. A national database of visceral transplantation undertaken for neoplastic disease should be developed to better understand predictors of outcomes and to help produce and standardize selection criteria.

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Gastric Mixed Neuroendocrine Non-Neuroendocrine Neoplasms: A Western Center Case Series

Medical Sciences ◽

10.3390/medsci9030047 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 (3) ◽

pp. 47

Author(s):

Marcus Fernando Kodama Pertille Ramos ◽

Marina Alessandra Pereira ◽

Arthur Youssif Mota Arabi ◽

Melissa Mello Mazepa ◽

Andre Roncon Dias ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Gastric Adenocarcinoma ◽

Tumor Size ◽

Lymphovascular Invasion ◽

Comparison Group ◽

Case Series ◽

Clinicopathological Characteristics ◽

Neuroendocrine Neoplasms ◽

Rare Tumor ◽

Term Survival

Background: Mixed neuroendocrine non-neuroendocrine neoplasms (MiNENs) represent a rare tumor composed of adenocarcinoma and neuroendocrine carcinoma components. This study reports a case series of gastric MiNEN and discusses issues related to its diagnosis, management, and outcomes. Methods: We retrospectively analyzed data from patients with gastric MiNEN who underwent surgical resection at our service from 2009 to 2020. Patients with gastric adenocarcinoma served as a comparison group. Clinical, pathologic, and surgical characteristics were compared. Results: During the selected period, 5 gastric MiNEN patients and 597 patients with gastric adenocarcinoma were included. Among the clinical variables, age, sex, BMI, and laboratory exams were similar between the two groups. Only ASA classification was different (p = 0.015). Pathological variables such as tumor size, lymphovascular invasion, number of retrieved lymph nodes, and pTNM staging were also similar between both groups. Lastly, early surgical outcomes and long-term survival did not differ between gastric MiNEN and adenocarcinoma patients. Conclusion: A MiNEN is a rare tumor that represents less than 1% of GC patients undergoing curative treatment, and demonstrated clinicopathological characteristics and outcomes similar to gastric adenocarcinoma.

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Challenges in Evaluation and Management of Children with Myocardial Bridging

Cardiology ◽

10.1159/000513900 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-8

Author(s):

Nurdan Erol

Keyword(s):

Congenital Anomaly ◽

Coronary Artery ◽

Case Reports ◽

Case Series ◽

Diagnosis And Treatment ◽

Myocardial Bridging ◽

Small Case Series ◽

Adults And Children ◽

Artery Branch

Myocardial bridging (MB) is a congenital anomaly where a coronary artery branch or group of branches extends inside a tunnel consisting of myocardium. Although it is mostly considered “benign,” it is reported that MB may lead to significant cardiac problems and sudden cardiac deaths. While it is a congenital anomaly, its symptoms usually arise at further ages rather than childhood. The literature on MB in children is in the form of case reports or small case series. This is why pediatric cases are assessed in the light of information obtained from adults. This review compiled the literature on MB in adults and children and compared it, as well as discussing questions arising regarding the clinic, diagnosis, and treatment of MB.

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EXPERIENCE WITH USING RAPID MOLECULAR TESTING IN DIAGNOSING PULMONARY AND EXTRA-PULMONARY PEDIATRIC TUBERCULOSIS IN A NON-ENDEMIC SETTING - A RETROSPECTIVE CASE SERIES

Paediatrics & Child Health ◽

10.1093/pch/pxy054.114 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 23 (suppl_1) ◽

pp. e44-e45 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Hana Mijovic ◽

Yossef Al-Nasser ◽

Ghada Al-Rawahi ◽

Ashley Roberts

Keyword(s):

Case Series ◽

Pericardial Fluid ◽

Diagnosis And Treatment ◽

Molecular Testing ◽

Retrospective Case ◽

Detection Rates ◽

Endemic Setting ◽

Number Of Patients ◽

Small Patient Population ◽

Extra Pulmonary

Abstract BACKGROUND Tuberculosis (TB) is a rare but potentially devastating infection among Canadian children. Accurate diagnosis and initiation of treatment are limited in part by the fact that it takes 2–6 weeks for culture results to be confirmed. Xpert MTB/RIF (Xpert) is a rapid, automated molecular assay that has been validated for diagnosing pulmonary but not extra-pulmonary TB in children. OBJECTIVES This was a retrospective study of children investigated for active TB at our facility in order to: 1.Outline demographic characteristics and describe clinical presentations of children diagnosed with active TB. 2.Compare performance of molecular testing (Xpert) to stain and Mycobacterium tuberculosis culture on pulmonary and extra-pulmonary specimens. DESIGN/METHODS We conducted a retrospective chart review of all paediatric patients investigated for active TB at our facility with stain, culture and molecular (Xpert) testing between January 2015 and August 2017. Due to a small number of patients, our data analysis was limited to narrative summary and descriptive statistics. RESULTS A total of 10 children were diagnosed with active TB, including 3 cases of pulmonary, 4 extra-pulmonary and 3 disseminated disease. Age range at diagnosis was 2 months to 16 years, with 3 children younger than 1 year. Most children contracted TB while travelling to and/or being exposed to an index case from endemic areas, including East Asia/Western Pacific (5), South Asia (2) and Africa (1). All children were HIV negative. Time from symptom onset to TB diagnosis and treatment ranged from approximately 4 days to 5 months. Multi-drug resistant TB was confirmed in 1 child. Sadly, 1 child passed away from TB related complications. AFB stain was positive on at least one specimen in 4/10 cases, cultures were positive in 8/10 and molecular testing (Xpert) in 7/10 cases. Time to positive cultures ranged from 10 to 35 days, with an average of 19 days. All cases positive on Xpert were also culture positive. Xpert test diagnosed TB in 5/6 of extra-pulmonary specimens submitted, including pericardial fluid, lymph node tissues and cerebrospinal fluid. CONCLUSION Many paediatric TB patients at our facility are children who have traveled to/have contacts from TB endemic regions, emphasizing the need for obtaining thorough exposure and travel history. Culture and molecular testing demonstrated similar TB detection rates, albeit based on a small patient population. While cultures remain the most reliable diagnostic method, molecular testing may facilitate rapid diagnosis and treatment of pulmonary and extra-pulmonary paediatric TB in a non-endemic setting.

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The use of the cap and underwater technique as an aid in endoscopic diagnosis and treatment of upper gastrointestinal bleeding: case series

VideoGIE ◽

10.1016/j.vgie.2021.07.005 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Fernando Lander Mota ◽

Deborah Marques Centeno ◽

Fernando J.S. de Oliveira ◽

Eduardo M.A. Pereira ◽

Sarah Madeira Jacinto ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Gastrointestinal Bleeding ◽

Upper Gastrointestinal Bleeding ◽

Case Series ◽

Endoscopic Diagnosis ◽

Diagnosis And Treatment ◽

Upper Gastrointestinal

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Diagnosis and Treatment of Esophageal Granular Cell Tumor: A Case Report and Review of the Literature

Case Reports in Gastrointestinal Medicine ◽

10.1155/2017/1071623 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 2017 ◽

pp. 1-4 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Ramin Niknam ◽

Kamran Bagheri Lankarani ◽

Bita Geramizadeh

Keyword(s):

Case Report ◽

Endoscopic Ultrasonography ◽

Granular Cell Tumor ◽

Granular Cell ◽

Cell Tumor ◽

Endoscopic Technique ◽

Diagnosis And Treatment ◽

Review Of The Literature ◽

Common Site

Gastrointestinal granular cell tumors are uncommon. The most common site of gastrointestinal granular cell tumor (GCT) is esophagus. We report a case of esophageal GCT incidentally diagnosed by endoscopy. The lesion was evaluated by endoscopic ultrasonography and resected using the endoscopic technique without complication.

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Orthodontic management of impacted mandibular second molars: A case series

Orthodontic Update ◽

10.12968/ortu.2021.14.2.98 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 14 (2) ◽

pp. 98-104

Author(s):

Andrea Cunningham ◽

Dipali Patel ◽

Zahra Sheriteh

Keyword(s):

Early Diagnosis ◽

Clinical Relevance ◽

Case Series ◽

Diagnosis And Treatment ◽

Treatment Modalities ◽

Individual Basis ◽

Diagnosis And Management

This case series describes a number of different treatment modalities used in the management of impacted mandibular second molars (MM2s). A variety of cases is used to illustrate a number of ways in which these teeth can be managed, and to demonstrate that each case should be managed on an individual basis, taking into account the overall malocclusion. The importance of early diagnosis and management is highlighted throughout. CPD/Clinical Relevance: This case series highlights the difficulties and challenges in managing patients who present with impacted lower second molars (MM2s), and the importance of early diagnosis and treatment.

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Difficulties in diagnosis and treatment of Wilson disease—a case series of five patients

Annals of Translational Medicine ◽

10.21037/atm.2019.02.37 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 7 (S2) ◽

pp. S73-S73 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Anna Członkowska ◽

Karolina Dzieżyc-Jaworska ◽

Bożena Kłysz ◽

Rędzia-Ogrodnik Barbara ◽

Tomasz Litwin

Keyword(s):

Wilson Disease ◽

Case Series ◽

Diagnosis And Treatment

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Nordic guidelines 2014 for diagnosis and treatment of gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms

Acta Oncologica ◽

10.3109/0284186x.2014.941999 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 53 (10) ◽

pp. 1284-1297 ◽

Cited By ~ 66

Author(s):

Eva Tiensuu Janson ◽

Halfdan Sorbye ◽

Staffan Welin ◽

Birgitte Federspiel ◽

Henning Grønbæk ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Diagnosis And Treatment ◽

Neuroendocrine Neoplasms ◽

Gastroenteropancreatic Neuroendocrine Neoplasms

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Primary Neuroendocrine Neoplasms of the Breast: Case Series and Literature Review

Cancers ◽

10.3390/cancers12030733 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 12 (3) ◽

pp. 733 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Burcin Özdirik ◽

Antonin Kayser ◽

Andrea Ullrich ◽

Lynn J. Savic ◽

Markus Reiss ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Ductal Carcinoma ◽

Wide Spectrum ◽

Correct Diagnosis ◽

Case Series ◽

Neuroendocrine Differentiation ◽

Interdisciplinary Approach ◽

World Health ◽

Neuroendocrine Neoplasms ◽

Carcinoma Of The Breast ◽

Outpatient Unit

Primary neuroendocrine carcinoma of the breast (NECB) as defined by the World Health Organization (WHO) in 2012 is a rare, but possibly under-diagnosed entity. It is heterogeneous as it entails a wide spectrum of diseases comprising both well-differentiated neuroendocrine tumors of the breast as well as highly aggressive small cell carcinomas. Retrospective screening of hospital charts of 612 patients (2008–2019) from our specialized outpatient unit for neuroendocrine neoplasia revealed five patients diagnosed with NECB. Given the low prevalence of these malignancies, correct diagnosis remains a challenge that requires an interdisciplinary approach. Specifically, NECB may be misclassified as carcinoma of the breast with neuroendocrine differentiation, carcinomas of the breast of no special type/invasive ductal carcinoma, or a metastasis to the breast. Therefore, this study presents multifaceted characteristics as well as the clinical course of these patients and discusses the five cases from our institution in the context of available literature.

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