scholarly journals Arthrodendron maguricum n. sp., a new larger agglutinated foraminifer from the Eocene Magura flysch of the Polish Carpathians and its relationship to komokiaceans and trace fossils

2010 ◽  
Vol 84 (6) ◽  
pp. 1015-1021
Author(s):  
Michael A. Kaminski ◽  
Alfred Uchman ◽  
Andrew K. Rindsberg
Keyword(s):  
Deep Water ◽  
Deep Sea ◽  
Trace Fossils ◽  
Lower Eocene ◽  
Sea Floor ◽  
Polish Carpathians ◽  
Agglutinated Foraminifera

Arthrodendron maguricum n. sp. is described from deep-sea flysch of the lower Eocene Życzanów Conglomerate Member of the Szczawnica Formation (Magura Unit) in the Polish Carpathians. Arthrodendron maguricum is a larger agglutinated foraminifer showing regular, tubular chambers that may branch dichotomously. Its wall is tripartite and composed of an outer organic-rich layer, a main agglutinated layer, and an internal organic-rich layer. The organism evidently lived as epibenthos on the muddy sea floor. Because of their branching morphology and comparatively large dimensions, larger agglutinated foraminifera of the genus Arthrodendron have previously been confused with algae and trace fossils. Care should be taken in such cases to resolve the agglutinated wall and chambers of this deep-water agglutinated foraminifer. Arthrodendron maguricum displays superficial similarities to some modern komokiaceans, especially to Septuma. Further investigations are needed for clarification of their affinities and possible taxonomic consequences.

scholarly journals Evolution, dispersal and habitat preference of deep-sea trace fossils

1992 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 76-76
Author(s):  
T. Peter Crimes
Keyword(s):  
Deep Water ◽  
Deep Sea ◽  
Trace Fossils ◽  
Gradual Improvement ◽  
The Past ◽  
Sea Sand ◽  
Lower Palaeozoic ◽  
Abundance And Diversity ◽  
Inner Parts ◽  
Behavioral Programming

Cambrian deep-sea sediments have yielded few trace fossils. The first moderately diverse suite is found in an Arenig flysch sequence in Eire. There followed a gradual increase in diversity and abundance of trace fossils in deep-sea niches in the Palaeozoic and early Mesozoic. A major burst of behaviourial evolution appears to have taken place during the Cretaceous and, from then through the Tertiary, high levels of trace fossil abundance and diversity were maintained. This is confirmed by recent work on Miocene deep-sea sequences and from a superbly preserved, diverse, ichnofauna recently discovered in strata of Oligocene and Miocene age in the Makran Range of Iran.In the past, it has been inferred that there was a gradual improvement in behavioral programming in deep-sea traces, with a trend towards economy of effort and perfection. However, Lower Palaeozoic deep water traces show careful, complex, behavioral programming which was to change little through the rest of the Phanerozoic.Within the deep-sea, there are, however, significant variations in the ichnospectrum in different niches. For example, the inner parts of seep-sea sand fans, particularly the channelled areas, have a mixture of “deep” and “shallow” water traces, whereas the outer fan normally has only deep water forms.

scholarly journals Late Maastrichtian foraminiferids and diatoms from the Polish Carpathians (Ropianka Formation, Skole Nappe): a case study from the Chmielnik-Grabówka composite section

2013 ◽  
Vol 63 (4) ◽  
pp. 515-525 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Adam Gasiński ◽  
Alexandra Olshtynska ◽  
Alfred Uchman
Keyword(s):  
Trace Fossils ◽  
Sea Floor ◽  
The Carpathians ◽  
Index Species ◽  
Composite Section ◽  
Polish Carpathians ◽  
Redox Boundary

ABSTRACT Gasiński, M.A., Olshtynska, A. and Uchman, A. 2013. Late Maastrichtian foraminiferids and diatoms from the Polish Carpathians (Ropianka Formation, Skole Nappe): a case study from the Chmielnik-Grabowka composite section. Acta Geologica Polonica, 63(4), 515-525. Warszawa. Well-preserved foraminiferids have been found in the Chmielnik-Grabowka section (Skole Nappe, Polish Carpathians). The Abathomphalus mayaroensis (late Maastrichtian) and Racemiguembelina fructicosa (earlylate Maastrichtian) standard planktonic foraminiferal biozones have been recognized, based on the occurrence of their respective index species. Sediments of the R. fructicosa Zone contain diatoms, which are a rare component of Cretaceous flysch microfossil assemblages in the Carpathians. The diatom frustules and some foraminiferid tests are pyritized, probably after burial in the sediment, below the redox boundary or in the oxygen- deficient microenvironment inside the frustules or tests of microfossils; the presence of trace fossils and bioturbational structures in the same bed indicate an oxygenated sea floor.

Large Plastic Debris Dumps: New Biodiversity Hot Spots Emerging on the Deep-Sea Floor

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xikun Song ◽  
Mingxin Lyu ◽  
Xiaodi Zhang ◽  
Bernhard Ruthensteiner ◽  
In-Young Ahn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Deep Sea ◽  
Hot Spots ◽  
Plastic Debris ◽  
Sea Floor

Gametogenesis and the reproductive cycle in the deep-sea anemone Paracalliactis stephensoni (Cnidaria: Actiniaria)

1990 ◽  
Vol 70 (1) ◽  
pp. 163-172 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michel Praet-Van
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Shallow Water ◽  
Deep Sea ◽  
Phytoplankton Bloom ◽  
Sea Anemone ◽  
Bay Of Biscay ◽  
Sea Anemones ◽  
Spring Phytoplankton Bloom ◽  
Sea Floor ◽  
Ultrastructural Investigation

This ultrastructural investigation of gametogenesis in a deep-sea anemone of the Bay of Biscay trawled around 2000 m depth, contributes to the knowledge of biology and strategy of reproduction of deep-sea benthos.This sea anemone is dioecious. The sperm appears very similar to those of shallow water sea anemones of the genus, Calliactis. The ultrastructural investigation of oogenesis allows the characteristics of the stages of previtellogenesis and vitellogenesis to be defined. The latter begins with a period of lipogenesis correlated with the formation of a trophonema. Mature oocytes measure up to 180 (im in diameter. Study of spermatogenesis and oogenesis reveals that spawning occurs in April/May. In males, the main area of testicular cysts, full of sperm, reaches maximal development from March to May and, in females, the percentage of mature oocytes decreases from 33% in April to 1% in May.Spawning may be induced by the advent in the deep-sea of the products of the spring phytoplankton bloom. This period of spawning, during the increased deposition of organic matter to the deep-sea floor, may be an advantageous strategy for early development of Paracalliactis.

The Reproductive Biology of Ophiacantha Bidentata (Echinodermata: Ophiuroidea) From The Rockall Trough

1982 ◽  
Vol 62 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-55 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. A. Tyler ◽  
J. D. Gage
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Biology ◽  
Deep Water ◽  
Larval Stage ◽  
North Pacific ◽  
Deep Sea ◽  
Direct Development ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Shallow Waters ◽  
Arctic Seas ◽  
Rockall Trough

INTRODUCTIONOphiacantha bidentata (Retzius) is a widespread arctic-boreal ophiuroid with a circumpolar distribution in the shallow waters of the Arctic seas and penetrating into the deep sea of the.North Atlantic and North Pacific (Mortensen, 1927, 1933a; D'yakonov, 1954). Early observations of this species were confined to defining zoogeo-graphical and taxonomic criteria including the separation of deep water specimens as the variety fraterna (Farran, 1912; Grieg, 1921; Mortensen, 1933a). Mortensen (1910) and Thorson (1936, pp. 18–26) noted the large eggs (o.8 mm diameter) in specimens from Greenland and Thorson (1936) proposed that this species had ‘big eggs rich in yolk, shed directly into the sea. Much reduced larval stage or direct development’. This evidence is supported by observations of O. bidentata from the White and Barents Seas (Semenova, Mileikovsky & Nesis, 1964; Kaufman, 1974)..

scholarly journals Phase equilibrium of gas hydrate: Implications for the formation of hydrate in the deep sea floor

1997 ◽  
Vol 24 (13) ◽  
pp. 1567-1570 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olga Ye. Zatsepina ◽  
Bruce A. Buffett
Keyword(s):  
Phase Equilibrium ◽  
Gas Hydrate ◽  
Deep Sea ◽  
Sea Floor

Study on the Characteristics of Well Completion Technology in Deepwater Oil and Gas Field Development

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (8) ◽  
pp. 70-72
Author(s):  
Jianbo Hu ◽  
◽  
Yifeng Di ◽  
Qisheng Tang ◽  
Ren Wen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Deep Water ◽  
Deep Sea ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Gas Field ◽  
Marine Research ◽  
Field Development ◽  
Research Technology ◽  
Well Completion ◽  
Development Capacity ◽  
Exploration And Development

In recent years, China has made certain achievements in shallow sea petroleum geological exploration and development, but the exploration of deep water areas is still in the initial stage, and the water depth in the South China Sea is generally 500 to 2000 meters, which is a deep water operation area. Although China has made some progress in the field of deep-water development of petroleum technology research, but compared with the international advanced countries in marine science and technology, there is a large gap, in the international competition is at a disadvantage, marine research technology and equipment is relatively backward, deep-sea resources exploration and development capacity is insufficient, high-end technology to foreign dependence. In order to better develop China's deep-sea oil and gas resources, it is necessary to strengthen the development of drilling and completion technology in the oil industry drilling engineering. This paper briefly describes the research overview, technical difficulties, design principles and main contents of the completion technology in deepwater drilling and completion engineering. It is expected to have some significance for the development of deepwater oil and gas fields in China.

scholarly journals Invertebrate population genetics across Earth's largest habitat: The deep-sea floor

2017 ◽  
Vol 26 (19) ◽  
pp. 4872-4896 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. L. Taylor ◽  
C. N. Roterman
Keyword(s):  
Population Genetics ◽  
Deep Sea ◽  
Sea Floor ◽  
Invertebrate Population

Seasonal deposition of phytodetritus to the deep-sea floor

1986 ◽  
Vol 88 ◽  
pp. 265-279 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. L. Rice ◽  
D. S. M. Billett ◽  
J. Fry ◽  
A. W. G. John ◽  
R. S. Lampitt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Deep Sea ◽  
Benthic Communities ◽  
Time Lapse ◽  
Sediment Traps ◽  
Temporal Variations ◽  
Sea Floor ◽  
Porcupine Seabight ◽  
The Past ◽  
Sea Bed ◽  
Seasonal Deposition

SynopsisEvidence has accumulated over the past twenty years to suggest that the deep-sea environment is not as constant as was at one time thought, but exhibits temporal variations related to the seasonally in the overlying surface waters. Recent results from deep-moored sediment traps suggest that this coupling is mediated through the sedimentation of organic material, while observations in the Porcupine Seabight indicate that in this region, at least, there is a major and rapid seasonal deposition of aggregated phytodetritus to the sea-floor at slope and abyssal depths.This paper summarises the results of the Porcupine Seabight studies over the past five years or so, using time-lapse sea-bed photography and microscopic, microbiological and chemical analyses of samples of phytodetritus and of the underlying sediment. The data are to some extent equivocal, but they suggest that the seasonal deposition is a regular and dramatic phenomenon and that the material undergoes relatively little degradation during its passage through the water column. The mechanisms leading to the aggregation of the phytodetritus have not been identified, and it is not yet known whether the phenomenon is geographically widespread nor whether it is of significance to the deep-living mid-water and benthic communities.

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