THE ACUTE EFFECTS OF CORTISONE AND CORTISOL UPON RENAL FUNCTION IN MAN

1958 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-53 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. N. MILLS ◽  
S. THOMAS
Keyword(s):  
Renal Function ◽  
Plasma Concentration ◽  
Filtration Rate ◽  
Human Subjects ◽  
Renal Plasma Flow ◽  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
Acute Effects ◽  
Reabsorptive Capacity ◽  
Normal Human ◽  
Filtered Load

SUMMARY Renal function has been studied in normal human subjects over some hours after the administration of 250 mg cortisone acetate orally or of 100 mg cortisol intravenously. Increased output of potassium without elevation of plasma concentration, and retention of sodium, were observed regularly both in the course of and without a phosphate infusion. Glomerular filtration rate and renal plasma flow were sometimes markedly elevated, sometimes unaltered. When phosphate was infused in amounts sufficient to saturate tubular reabsorptive capacity, phosphate tubular maximum was often depressed by the hormones, but sometimes unaltered. At normal plasma concentrations the usual relationship between phosphate excretion and plasma concentration or filtered load was undisturbed.

Effects of thyrotrophin-releasing hormone on renal function in the rat

1987 ◽  
Vol 113 (3) ◽  
pp. 445-448 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. O. Garland
Keyword(s):  
Renal Function ◽  
Glomerular Filtration Rate ◽  
Plasma Flow ◽  
Filtration Rate ◽  
Vascular System ◽  
Renal Plasma Flow ◽  
Acute Effects ◽  
Thyrotrophin Releasing Hormone ◽  
Anaesthetized Rats ◽  
Renal Vascular

ABSTRACT Standard renal clearance techniques were used to investigate the acute effects of TRH on kidney function in anaesthetized rats. A significant reduction in salt and water outputs, glomerular filtration rate and renal plasma flow was produced within 10 min of infusion of 12 μg TRH over 30 min. The rapidity of the response may suggest a direct effect of TRH on the renal vascular system. J. Endocr. (1987) 113,445–448

Clinical Renal Function Testing by External Double Isotope Monitoring Technique

1971 ◽  
Vol 10 (01) ◽  
pp. 16-24
Author(s):  
J. Fog Pedersen ◽  
M. Fog Pedersen ◽  
Paul Madsen
Keyword(s):  
Renal Function ◽  
Glomerular Filtration Rate ◽  
Glomerular Filtration ◽  
Plasma Flow ◽  
Filtration Rate ◽  
Renal Plasma Flow ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Feedback System ◽  
Effective Renal Plasma Flow ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages

SummaryAn accurate catheter-free technique for clinical determination simultaneouslyof glomerular filtration rate and effective renal plasma flow by means of radioisotopes has been developed. The renal function is estimated by the amount of radioisotopes necessary to maintain a constant concentration in the patient’s blood. The infusion pumps are steered by a feedback system, the pumps being automatically turned on when the radiation measured over the patient’s head falls below a certain preset level and turned off when this level is again readied. 131I-iodopyracet was used for the estimation of effective renal plasma flow and125I-iothalamate estimation of the glomerular filtration rate. These clearances were compared to the conventional bladder clearances and good correlation was found between these two clearance methods (correlation coefficients 0.97 and.90 respectively). The advantages and disadvantages of this new clearance technique are discussed.

RENAL FUNCTION AND KIDNEY SIZE FOLLOWING HYPOPHYSECTOMY IN MAN

1965 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 348-354 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Falkheden ◽  
Ingmar Wickbom
Keyword(s):  
Renal Function ◽  
Diabetic Retinopathy ◽  
Glomerular Filtration Rate ◽  
Plasma Flow ◽  
Mammary Carcinoma ◽  
Filtration Rate ◽  
Renal Plasma Flow ◽  
Kidney Weight ◽  
Kidney Size ◽  
Before And After

ABSTRACT Measurements of glomerular filtration rate (GFR) and renal plasma flow (RPF) were performed in close connection with roentgenographic estimation of kidney size, before and after hypophysectomy, in 10 patients (four cases of metastatic mammary carcinoma, five cases of diabetic retinopathy and one case of acromegaly). Hypophysectomy was regularly followed by a decrease in GFR and RPF. In most cases, a reduction in the roentgenographic kidney size was also observed. However, the changes in the roentgenographic kidney size and calculated kidney weight after hypophysectomy were smaller and occurred at a slower rate than the alterations in GFR and RPF. The results favour the view that, primarily, the decrease in GFR and RPF following hypophysectomy is essentially functional rather than due to a reduced kidney mass.

Dynamics of ascites formation in rats with experimental cirrhosis

1980 ◽  
Vol 238 (5) ◽  
pp. F353-F357 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. M. Lopez-Novoa ◽  
M. A. Rengel ◽  
L. Hernando
Keyword(s):  
Renal Function ◽  
Glomerular Filtration Rate ◽  
Plasma Flow ◽  
Filtration Rate ◽  
Hepatic Cirrhosis ◽  
Renal Plasma Flow ◽  
Sodium Balance ◽  
Partial Removal ◽  
Experimental Cirrhosis ◽  
Ascites Formation

Renal function, sodium balance, and ascites formation were observed during induction in rats of experimental cirrhosis. The same variables were studied after partial removal of the ascites in rats with experimental cirrhosis. Glomerular filtration rate (GFR) and effective renal plasma flow (RPF) did not change during hepatic cirrhosis development. Positive sodium balance significantly higher than that observed in controls preceded the appearance of ascites for a period of about 2 wk. When the ascites was removed, GFR, RPF and positive Na balance did not change if Na intake remained constant. Ascites reformation rate was largely dependent on sodium balance. These data strongly support the "overflow" theory of ascites formation and are difficult to reconcile with the classical "underfilling" theory.

scholarly journals Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptors in the kidney: impact on renal autoregulation

2020 ◽  
Vol 318 (2) ◽  
pp. F443-F454 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aleksander Vauvert R. Hviid ◽  
Charlotte M. Sørensen
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Renal Function ◽  
Glomerular Filtration Rate ◽  
Kidney Function ◽  
Filtration Rate ◽  
Renal Plasma Flow ◽  
Glucagon Like Peptide ◽  
Glucagon Like Peptide 1 ◽  
Study Participants

Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and strategies based on this blood sugar-reducing and appetite-suppressing hormone are used to treat obesity and type 2 diabetes. However, the GLP-1 receptor (GLP-1R) is also present in the kidney, where it influences renal function. The effect of GLP-1 on the kidney varies between humans and rodents. The effect of GLP-1 on kidney function also seems to vary depending on its concentration and the physiological or pathological state of the kidney. In studies with rodents or humans, acute infusion of pharmacological doses of GLP-1 stimulates natriuresis and diuresis. However, the effect on the renal vasculature is less clear. In rodents, GLP-1 infusion increases renal plasma flow and glomerular filtration rate, suggesting renal vasodilation. In humans, only a subset of the study participants exhibits increased renal plasma flow and glomerular filtration rate. Differential status of kidney function and changes in renal vascular resistance of the preglomerular arterioles may account for the different responses of the human study participants. Because renal function in patients with type 2 diabetes is already at risk or compromised, understanding the effects of GLP-1R activation on kidney function in these patients is particularly important. This review examines the distribution of GLP-1R in the kidney and the effects elicited by GLP-1 or GLP-1R agonists. By integrating results from acute and chronic studies in healthy individuals and patients with type 2 diabetes along with those from rodent studies, we provide insight into how GLP-1R activation affects renal function and autoregulation.

scholarly journals Transitory increase in creatinine levels after parathyroidectomy: evidence of another action of the parathyroid glands?

2011 ◽  
Vol 55 (4) ◽  
pp. 249-255 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fábio M. Montenegro ◽  
Lenine G. Brandão ◽  
Gustavo F. Ferreira ◽  
Delmar M. Lourenço Jr. ◽  
Regina M. Martin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Renal Function ◽  
Primary Hyperparathyroidism ◽  
Head And Neck ◽  
Filtration Rate ◽  
Estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate ◽  
Acute Effects ◽  
Glomerular Function ◽  
Tertiary Hyperparathyroidism ◽  
Operation Results ◽  
Similar Decrease

OBJECTIVE: Little information is available on glomerular function changes after surgical treatment of primary hyperparathyroidism. The acute effects of some head and neck operations on renal function were studied. MATERIAL AND MATHODS: Retrospective analysis of changes in creatinine levels and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) after surgery. Preoperative values were compared with values available until 72 hours after the operation. RESULTS: In tertiary hyperparathyroidism, mean preoperative and postoperative eGFR values were 57.7 mL/min and 40.8 mL/min (p < 0.0001), respectively. A similar decrease was observed after parathyroidectomy for primary hyperparathyroidism, from 85.4 mL/min to 64.3 mL/min (p < 0.0001). After major head and neck procedures, there was a slight increase in eGFR (from 94.3 mL/min to 105.4 mL/min, p = 0.002). CONCLUSION: Parathyroidectomy may be followed by a transient decrease in eGFR that is not often observed in other head and neck operations.

Effect of Spirolactone SC 8109 on Renal Function in Normal Human Subjects.

1959 ◽  
Vol 100 (3) ◽  
pp. 625-627 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. A. Wiggins ◽  
M. E. Hutchin ◽  
J. V. Carbone ◽  
P. D. Doolan
Keyword(s):  
Renal Function ◽  
Human Subjects ◽  
Normal Human

scholarly journals Absorption of red clover isoflavones in human subjects: results from a pilot study

2010 ◽  
Vol 103 (11) ◽  
pp. 1569-1572 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ronald Maul ◽  
Sabine E. Kulling
Keyword(s):  
Single Dose ◽  
Plasma Concentration ◽  
Pilot Study ◽  
Enzymatic Hydrolysis ◽  
Human Subjects ◽  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
Red Clover ◽  
First Time ◽  
High Bioavailability ◽  
Present Pilot Study

In addition to soya-derived preparations, red clover-based dietary supplements have gained considerable interest as an alternative isoflavone (IF) source. While metabolism and bioavailability of the main IF from both sources have already been investigated, studies are still lacking on the biokinetic behaviour of IF, which are present in red clover in minor amounts. In the present pilot study, in which seven volunteers ingested a single dose of a commercial red clover dietary supplement, we focused on the absorption of three such IF, irilone (IRI), prunetin (PRUN) and pseudobaptigenin (PBAP). The compounds were measured as aglycones after enzymatic hydrolysis. A single intake of an amount of as low as 3·8 mg IRI (out of 38·8 mg IF in total) resulted in an IRI plasma concentration of 0·35 (sd 0·16) μm at 6.5 h post-ingestion. Compared to the plasma concentrations found for daidzein (0·39 μm) and genistein (0·06 μm), expected to be the main IF metabolites in plasma, the present findings indicate that IRI might possess a relatively high bioavailability. Furthermore, PRUN and PBAP were detected in human plasma for the first time.

Renal extraction and acute effects of glucagon-like peptide-1 on central and renal hemodynamics in healthy men

2015 ◽  
Vol 308 (8) ◽  
pp. E641-E649 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali Asmar ◽  
Lene Simonsen ◽  
Meena Asmar ◽  
Sten Madsbad ◽  
Jens J. Holst ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Cardiac Output ◽  
Filtration Rate ◽  
Renal Plasma Flow ◽  
Renal Hemodynamics ◽  
Acute Effects ◽  
Primary Metabolite ◽  
Healthy Men ◽  
Glucagon Like Peptide

The present experiments were performed to elucidate the acute effects of intravenous infusion of glucagon-like peptide (GLP)-1 on central and renal hemodynamics in healthy men. Seven healthy middle-aged men were examined on two different occasions in random order. During a 3-h infusion of either GLP-1 (1.5 pmol·kg−1·min−1) or saline, cardiac output was estimated noninvasively, and intraarterial blood pressure and heart rate were measured continuously. Renal plasma flow, glomerular filtration rate, and uptake/release of hormones and ions were measured by Fick's Principle after catheterization of a renal vein. Subjects remained supine during the experiments. During GLP-1 infusion, both systolic blood pressure and arterial pulse pressure increased by 5 ± 1 mmHg ( P = 0.015 and P = 0.002, respectively). Heart rate increased by 5 ± 1 beats/min ( P = 0.005), and cardiac output increased by 18% ( P = 0.016). Renal plasma flow and glomerular filtration rate as well as the clearance of Na+ and Li+ were not affected by GLP-1. However, plasma renin activity decreased ( P = 0.037), whereas plasma levels of atrial natriuretic peptide were unaffected. Renal extraction of intact GLP-1 was 43% ( P < 0.001), whereas 60% of the primary metabolite GLP-1 9-36amide was extracted ( P = 0.017). In humans, an acute intravenous administration of GLP-1 leads to increased cardiac output due to a simultaneous increase in stroke volume and heart rate, whereas no effect on renal hemodynamics could be demonstrated despite significant extraction of both the intact hormone and its primary metabolite.

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